Ancestral Trails 2016 » Louis de FRANCE (1661-1711)

Persoonlijke gegevens Louis de FRANCE 

• Hij is geboren op 1 november 1661 in Château de Fontainebleau, Fontainebleau, France.
• Titel: Le Grand Dauphin
• (Ancestry) : House of Bourbon.
• Hij is overleden op 14 april 1711 in Château de Meudon, Meudon, France, hij was toen 49 jaar oud.
• Hij is begraven op 28 april 1711 in Royal Basilica of Saint Denis, Saint Denis, Ile-de-France, France.
• Een kind van Louis de FRANCE en Maria Theresa of SPAIN

Gezin van Louis de FRANCE

Hij is getrouwd met Maria Anna Victoria von BAVARIA.

Zij zijn getrouwd op 7 maart 1680 te Châlons-sur-Marne, Champagne-Ardenne, France, hij was toen 18 jaar oud.

• Het echtpaar heeft gemeenschappelijke voorouders.



Notities over Louis de FRANCE

Louis of France (1 November 1661 - 14 April 1711) was the eldest son and heir of Louis XIV, King of France, and his spouse, Maria Theresa of Spain. As the heir apparent to the French throne, he was styled Dauphin. He became known as Le Grand Dauphin after the birth of his own son, Le Petit Dauphin. As he died before his father, he never became king. He was the grandfather of his father's successor, Louis XV.

Louis was born on 1 November 1661 at the Château de Fontainebleau, the eldest son of the young French King, Louis XIV of France, and his Spanish wife, Maria Theresa of Spain . As a Fils de France ("Son of France") he was entitled to the style of Royal Highness. He was baptised on 24 March 1662 at the chapel of the Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye and given his father's name of Louis. At the ceremony, Cardinal de Vendôme and the Princess of Conti acted as proxies for the godparents, Pope Clement IX and Queen Henrietta Maria of England. The latter was Louis's grand-aunt. For this ceremony, Jean-Baptiste Lully composed the motet Plaude Laetare Gallia.

When Louis reached the age of seven, he was removed from the care of women and placed in the society of men. He received Charles de Sainte-Maure, duc de Montausier, as his governor and was tutored by Jacques Bénigne Bossuet, Bishop of Meaux, the great French preacher and orator, without positive result:

Louis XIV secretly nursed the same suspicious jealousy of the Grand Dauphin that Louis XIII had once shown to himself. No prince could have been less deserving of such feelings. Monseigneur, as the heir to the throne was now known, had inherited his mother's docility and low intelligence. All his life he remained petrified with admiration of his formidable father and stood in fear of him even while lavish proofs of 'affection' were showered upon him. The best way for Monseigneur to do someone an injury was to commend him to the royal favour. He knew it, and did not conceal it from his rare petitioners.

Louis XIV saw to it that his son's upbringing was quite the opposite of his own. Instead of a devoted mother and an affectionate and likeable tutor, the Dauphin had the repellent and misanthropic Duc de Montausier, who ruthlessly applied the same methods that had so disturbed Louis XIII. They annihilated his grandson.
[...]Bossuet overwhelmed his backward pupil with such splendid lessons that the Dauphin developed a lasting horror of books, learning and history. By the age of eighteen, Monseigneur had assimilated almost none of the knowledge amassed to so little purpose, and the apathy of his mind was second only to that of his senses.

It was said that when Louis was an adult, he could pass a whole day simply tapping his cane against his foot in an armchair. Nonetheless, his generosity, affability, and liberality gave him great popularity in Paris and with the French people in general. Louis was one of six legitimate children of his parents. The others all died in early childhood; the second longest-lived, Marie Thérèse of France, died at the age of five when Louis was 11.

Louis' father considered various European royal daughters as possible wives for him, such as Anna Maria Luisa de' Medici, and Louis' cousin Marie Louise d'Orléans, daughter of Philippe, Duke of Orléans and Princess Henrietta of England. According to various reports, Marie Louise and Louis were in love, having grown up with each other. However, Louis XIV used Marie Louise to forge a link with Spain and forced her to marry the invalid Charles II of Spain, the Dauphin's own half-uncle.

Louis was engaged to his second cousin, Maria Anna Victoria of Bavaria, when he was seven. She was a year older than Louis and, upon arriving at the French court, was described as being very unattractive. Nonetheless, she was a very cultured princess.

They were married by proxy in Munich on 28 January 1680; the couple met for the first time on 7 March 1680 in Châlons-sur-Marne.

Louis married Duchess Maria Anna of Bavaria on 7 March 1680. She was known in France as Dauphine Marie Anne Victoire. The couple had three sons, although the marriage was not a close one. She died in 1690. After the death of his first wife, Louis secretly married his lover Marie Émilie de Joly de Choin in 1695. His new wife did not acquire the status of Dauphine of France, and the marriage remained without surviving issue. Pregnant at the time of her marriage, Mlle. de Choin gave birth to a son, who was secretly sent to the countryside; the child died aged two, in 1697, without receiving a name.

Legend has it that a prophecy told at his birth said that he would be "son of a king, father of a king, but never a king". This was thought to be fulfilled as he was the son of Louis XIV of France and father of Philip V of Spain, but did not himself become king.

Issue
Louis de France (16 August 1682 - 18 February 1712), Duke of Burgundy and later Dauphin of France; married second cousin Princess Maria Adelaide of Savoy and had the future Louis XV of France;
Philippe de France (19 December 1683 - 9 July 1746), Duke of Anjou, (later King of Spain); became King of Spain in 1700; married second cousin Princess Maria Luisa of Savoy and had issue; married again Elisabeth Farnese and had issue such as the future Dauphine of France, Infanta Maria Teresa Rafaela of Spain;
Charles de France (31 July 1686 - 5 May 1714), Duke of Berry, Alençon and of Angoulême Count of Ponthieu; married his first cousin Marie Louise Élisabeth d'Orléans and had issue but none survived over a year;

Thus, through Burgundy and Anjou, Louis ensured the continuation of the senior Bourbon line on the throne of France and the establishment of the cadet Spanish Bourbon dynasty respectively.

Besides his unnamed child with Mme de Choin, Louis had two illegitimate daughters with Françoise Pitel:
Anne Louise de Bonbour (1695 - August 1716) - wife of Anne Errard d'Avaugour;
Charlotte de Fleury (6 February 1697 - 1750) - wife of Gérard Michel de La Jonchère.

With another mistress, Marie Anne Caumont de La Force, he had one daughter:
Louise Émilie de Vautedard (1694-1719) - wife of Nicolas Mesnager.
SOURCE: Wikipedia - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis,_Grand_Dauphin

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