Ancestral Trails 2016 » Eleonore Magdalene von NEUBURG (1655-1720)

Persoonlijke gegevens Eleonore Magdalene von NEUBURG 

• Zij is geboren op 6 januari 1655 in Düsseldorf, Dusseldorf, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany.
• Zij is overleden op 19 januari 1720 in Hofburg Palace, Vienna, Austria, zij was toen 65 jaar oud.
• Een kind van Philipp Wilhelm von der PFALZ-NEUBURG en Elizabeth Amalie von HESSE-DARMSTADT

Gezin van Eleonore Magdalene von NEUBURG

Zij is getrouwd met Leopold von HABSBURG.

Zij zijn getrouwd in het jaar 1677, zij was toen 21 jaar oud.

Kind(eren):

1. Maria Josepha von HABSBURG  1687-1703
2. Maria Elizabeth von HABSBURG  1680-1741
3. Maria Magdalena Josepha von HABSBURG  1689-1743
4. Maria Anna von HABSBURG  1683-1754
5. Maria Theresa von HABSBURG  1684-1696
6. Joseph von HABSBURG  1678-1711 
7. Karl VI Franz Joseph Wenzel von HABSBURG  1685-1740 

• Het echtpaar heeft gemeenschappelijke voorouders.



Notities over Eleonore Magdalene von NEUBURG

Eleonore Magdalene of Neuburg (Eleonore Magdalene Therese; 6 January 1655 - 19 January 1720) was by birth Countess Palatine of Neuburg and member of the House of Wittelsbach and by marriage Holy Roman Empress, German Queen, Archduchess consort of Austria, Queen consort of Hungary and Bohemia as the third and last wife of Leopold I. She was the paternal grandmother of Empress Maria Theresa.

One of the most educated and the virtuous women of her time (she even translated the Bible from Latin to German), she took part in the political affairs during the reign of her husband and sons. She served as Interim Regent for a few months in 1711 and was during her rule that was signed the Treaty of Szatmár, which recognized the rights of rule of her descendants in the Kingdom of Hungary. Before her marriage and during her widowhood she led an ascetic and monastic life, being actively involved in charity work .

Eleonore was born in Düsseldorf on the night of 6 January 1655, as the oldest of 17 children born from Philip William, Count Palatine of Neuburg and Duke of Jülich-Berg (since 1685 Elector Palatine) and his second wife Landgravine Elisabeth Amalie of Hesse-Darmstadt. On her father's side her grandparents were Wolfgang Wilhelm, Count Palatine of Neuburg and his first wife Magdalene of Bavaria and on her mother's side her grandparents were George II, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt and his wife Sophia Eleonore of Saxony.

Immediately after birth, the princess was baptized by the abbot of Altenburg Abbey with the names Eleonore Magdalene Therese. To celebrate her birth, the court chaplain and poet, Jesuit Jakob Balde composed an hexameter Latin poem called the "Song of genius Eleonore" (la: Eleonorae Geniale carmen), which he translated to German. Subsequently, he became in the spiritual mentor of Eleonore until his death. In August 1655 she, together with her parents, moved from Düsseldorf to Neuburg. On 11 September 1661 at the Neuburg Hofkirche, the princess received the anointing from Marquard II Schenk von Castell, Prince-bishop of Eichstätt.

Eleonore was raised in a pious environment and also received a good education: she was fluent in Latin, French and Italian, translated to German biblical and religious texts, and was well versed in theology. She was also fond to music and arts, hunting and dancing, but her special passion was reading. Since September 1672 she lived at Benrath Castle, where, under the guidance of a maid of honor, she began her training in etiquette.

Since her early childhood Eleonore displayed a strongly pious nature and a fervent adherence to Roman Catholicism. She was four years old when he saw the Crucifixion, she burst into tears in sympathy with Jesus. In addition, every day she participated into religious services, and visit sick people. Being among the poor, Eleonore asked them to treat her not as a person of noble birth, but as a commoner, because she thought that all people are equally precious to God. On 2 February 1669 she entered the Brotherhood of Our Lady of Sorrows at the Cross, of which she remained all her life. The special protection provided by her to the Carmelite monasteries in Düsseldorf and Neuburg showed her wish to be a Carmelite nun, but her parents refused to gave their consent. Five monarchs asked for her hand, and all were refused by Eleonore. One of her rejected suitors was the widower James, Duke of York, the future King of England and Scotland, who woo her in 1671.

Marriage and children
In April 1676 Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor lost his second wife, and almost inmediately began to search for a new one, urged by the need of a male heir; from his previous marriages he had six children, but all except the oldest daughter, Archduchess Maria Antonia, died shortly after birth. This time Eleonore was chosen, bypassing Duchess Maria Anna Victoria of Bavaria (later Dauphine of France), Princess Ulrika Eleonora of Denmark (later Queen consort of Sweden) and many other potential candidates.

Thanks to the intense diplomatic efforts of Eleonore's father, he gained to his side Francesco Bonvisi, Papal nuncio in Vienna, and King Charles II of Spain. However, the opponents of the Count Palatine of Neuburg in the Imperial court, spread rumors that Eleonore allegedly had a poor health and ugly appearance. However, these rumors didn't stop the Emperor, who needed an heir and knew not only about Eleonore's family reputed fertility but also about her fervent Catholicism and pious nature. In addition, the Count Palatine showed to Leopold I a portrait of his daughter, made especially for this purpose.

The marriage negotiations began in April 1676. To this end, an emissary send by the Count Palatine arrived to Vienna, who managed to win the support of Empress Dowager Eleonora Gonzaga (Leopold I's stepmother) and a number of notable courties, including Chancellor Johann Paul Freiherr von Hocher. In August 1676 the personal physician of the Emperor arrived in Neuburg to submitted Eleonore to a medical examination to establish her expected fertility. Back in Vienna the following month, he gave the official conclusion that she was healthy; however, the death of Anna de' Medici (mother of his late second wife), forced the Emperor to suspended the negotiations. Leopold I took the final decision about the marriage only in the second half of October. For Eleonore, the news that she will became in the new Empress weren't happy, as she wished to become a nun and not to marry anyone. But at the end, she dutifully submit to the will of her parents. On 25 November 1676 took place the official betrothal; because bride and groom are third cousins (being both great-great-grandchildren of Emperor Ferdinand I), a papal dispensation was granted by Pope Innocent XI. Eleonore's dowry was fixed in 100,000 florins.

The first meeting between Leopold I and Eleonore took place two days before the wedding and made a favorable impression on both. The official wedding took place in Passau on 14 December 1676. The ceremony was held in the chapel of the palace of the Prince-Bishop of Passau and wore a special character. At the wedding not ambassadors or diplomats of foreign countries were invited. Nevertheless, the ceremony was pompous and the ensuing celebration lasted several days. As a wedding gift from the groom the bride received the famous Wittelsbach-Graff Diamond. On 7 January 1677 the Imperial couple arrived in Vienna.

The new Empress soon proved her fertility, and within months she became pregnant with her first child. In total, Eleonore gave birth ten children, of whom only five survive to adulthood:

Joseph Jakob Ignaz Johann Anton Eustachius (26 July 1678 - 17 April 1711), Archduke of Austria and successor of his father as Joseph I, Holy Roman Emperor.
Maria Christina Josepha (born and died 18 June 1679), Archduchess of Austria.
Maria Elisabeth Lucia Theresia Josepha (13 February 1680 - 26 August 1741), Archduchess of Austria and later Governor of the Austrian Netherlands.
Leopold Joseph Philip Wilhelm Anton Franz Erasmus (2 June 1682 - 3 August 1684), Archduke of Austria.
Maria Anna Josepha Antonia Regina (7 September 1683 - 14 August 1754), Archduchess of Austria, married King John V of Portugal.
Maria Theresia Josepha Antonia Xaveria (22 August 1684 - 28 September 1696), Archduchess of Austria.
Charles Franz Joseph Wenceslaus Balthasar Johann Anton Ignaz (1 October 1685 - 20 October 1740), Archduke of Austria and successor of his older brother as Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor; the last male member of the House of Habsburg, was the father of Empress Maria Theresa.
Maria Josepha Colletta Antonia (6 March 1687 - 14 April 1703), Archduchess of Austria.
Maria Magdalena Josepha Antonia Gabriella (26 March 1689 - 1 May 1743), Archduchess of Austria.
Maria Margaretha Magdalena Gabriella Josepha Antonia (22 July 1690 - 22 April 1691), Archduchess of Austria.
SOURCE: Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eleonor_Magdalene_of_Neuburg


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