Ancestral Trails 2016 » Ludwig IV Friedrich Wilhelm Karl von HESSE (1837-1892)

Persoonlijke gegevens Ludwig IV Friedrich Wilhelm Karl von HESSE 

• Hij is geboren op 12 september 1837 in Prinz-Carl-Palais, Darmstadt, Hesse, Germany.
• (Alternative Name) : Von Hesse and by Rhine.
• Hij is overleden op 13 maart 1892 in Neue Palais, Grand Duchy of Hesse, Germany, hij was toen 54 jaar oud.
• Hij is begraven maart 1892 in Rosenhohe, Darmstadt, Hessen, Germany.
• Een kind van Karl von HESSE

Gezin van Ludwig IV Friedrich Wilhelm Karl von HESSE

Hij is getrouwd met Alice Maud Mary von SAXE-COBURG-GOTHA.

Zij zijn getrouwd op 1 juli 1862 te Osborne House, Isle of Wight, Hampshire, hij was toen 24 jaar oud.

Kind(eren):

1. Elizabeth Alexandra Louise Alice von HESSE  1864-1918
2. Irene Louise Marie Anne von HESSE  1866-1953
3. Ernst Ludwig Albrecht Wilhelm von HESSE  1868-1937
4. Friedrich Wilhelm Augustus Victor Leopold von HESSE  1870-1873
5. Alexandra Victoria Helena Louise Beatrice von HESSE  1872-1918
6. Marie Victoria Feodore Leopoldine von HESSE  1874-1878
7. Victoria Alberta Elisabeth Mathilde Marie von HESSE  1863-1950 

Notities over Ludwig IV Friedrich Wilhelm Karl von HESSE

Louis IV (Friedrich Wilhelm Ludwig Karl) (12 September 1837 - 13 March 1892), was the Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine, reigning from 13 June 1877 until his death. Through his own and his children's marriages he was connected to the British Royal Family, to the Imperial House of Russia and to other reigning dynasties of Europe.

Louis was born at the Prinz-Karl-Palais in Darmstadt, the capital of the Grand Duchy of Hesse and by Rhine in the German Confederation, the first son and child of Prince Charles of Hesse and by Rhine (23 April 1809 - 20 March 1877) and Princess Elisabeth of Prussia (18 June 1815 - 21 March 1885), granddaughter of King Frederick William II of Prussia. As his father's elder brother Louis III (1806-1877), the reigning Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine, had been married to his first wife since 1833 without legitimate children and from 1868 was married morganatically, Prince Louis was the likely heir eventual to the grand ducal throne from childhood.

Marriage and children
On 1 July 1862, Louis married Princess Alice, the third child of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom, at Osborne House on the Isle of Wight. On the day of the wedding, the Queen issued a royal warrant granting her new son-in-law the style of Royal Highness in the United Kingdom. The Queen also subsequently made Prince Louis a knight of the Order of the Garter.

Although an arranged marriage orchestrated by the bride's father Albert, Prince Consort, the couple did have a brief period of courtship before betrothal and wed willingly, even after the death of the Prince Consort left Queen Victoria in a protracted state of grief that cast a pall over the nuptials. Becoming parents in less than a year following their marriage, the young royal couple found themselves strapped financially to maintain the lifestyle expected of their rank. Princess Alice's interest in social services, scientific development, hands-on child-rearing, charity and intellectual stimulation were not shared by Louis who, although dutiful and benevolent, was bluff in manner and conventional in his pursuits. The death of the younger of their two sons, Frittie, who was afflicted with hemophilia and suffered a fatal fall from a palace window before his third birthday in 1873, combined with the wearying war relief duties Alice had undertaken in 1870, evoked a crisis of spiritual faith for the princess in which her husband does not appear to have shared.

In 1866 the Austrians suffered defeat in the Austro-Prussian War and the Hessian grandduchy was in jeopardy of being awarded as the spoils of war to victorious Prussia, which annexed some of Austria's other allies (Hanover, Hesse-Cassel, Nassau), a fate from which Hesse-Darmstadt appears to have been spared only by a cession of territory and the close dynastic kinship between its ruler and the Emperor of Russia (Alexander II's consort, Empress Maria Alexandrovna, was the sister of Hesse's Grand Duke Louis III and of Prince Charles).

In the Franco-Prussian War provoked by Bismarck's manipulation of the Ems telegram in 1870, Hesse and by Rhine this time found itself a winning ally of Prussia's, and Prince Louis was credited with courageous military service, especially at the Battle of Gravelotte, which also afforded him the opportunity of mending the previous war's grievances with the House of Hohenzollern by fighting on the same side as his brother-in-law and future emperor, Prince Frederick of Prussia.

In March 1877, Louis became heir presumptive to the Hessian throne when his father died and, less than three months later, found himself reigning grand duke upon the demise of his uncle, Louis III.

A year and a half later, however, Grand Duke Louis was stricken with diphtheria along with most of his immediate family, from which he recovered but to which his four-year-old daughter Marie succumbed, along with his wife of 16 years. From then on, he reigned and raised his five surviving children alone.

The couple had seven children:

Victoria Mountbatten, Marchioness of Milford Haven (5 April 1863 - 24 September 1950)
Grand Duchess Elizabeth Feodorovna of Russia (1 November 1864 - 18 July 1918)
Princess Irene of Prussia (11 July 1866 - 11 November 1953)
Ernest Louis, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine (25 November 1868 - 9 October 1937)
Prince Friedrich of Hesse and by Rhine (7 October 1870 - 29 May 1873)
Empress Alexandra Feodorovna of Russia (6 June 1872 - 17 July 1918)
Princess Marie of Hesse and by Rhine (24 May 1874 - 16 November 1878)
SOURCE: Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_IV,_Grand_Duke_of_Hesse

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