Donnchad "Donnc..." mac Crínáin Rí na h'Alba (1001-1040) » Familienstammbaum Den Hollander en Van Dueren den Hollander

Persönliche Daten Donnchad "Donnc..." mac Crínáin Rí na h'Alba

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Alternative Name: Donnchadh I
Spitzname ist Donnc....
Er wurde geboren am 15. August 1001 in Atholl, Perthshire, Scotland.
Er wurde getauft in Atholl, Perthshire Acceded: 25 NOV 1034.
Berufe:

im Jahr 1016 unknown in King of Strathclyde.
im Jahr 1034 unknown in King of Scots.
im Jahr 1034 unknown.
King of Scotland (1034 - 1040), Roi, de Strathclyde, 1018/1034, d'Ecosse, 1034, King of Alba (Scotland), King of Scotland, Donnchad mac Crínáin, King of Scots, Killed by MacBeth, King of Alba.

Er ist verstorben am 14. August 1040 in Pitgaveny, er war 38 Jahre altElgin
Scotland Scotland.
Er wurde beerdigt am 15. August 1040Isle of Iona
Scotland.
Ein Kind von Crínán mac Donnchad und Bethóc ingen Maíl Coluim meic Cináeda
Diese Information wurde zuletzt aktualisiert am 22. Januar 2019.

Familie von Donnchad "Donnc..." mac Crínáin Rí na h'Alba

Er ist verheiratet mit Suthen Sibylla of Scotland.

Sie haben geheiratet im Jahr 1030 in Scotland, er war 28 Jahre altUK.

Kind(er):

Máel Coluim mac Donnchada 1031-1093

Notizen bei Donnchad "Donnc..." mac Crínáin Rí na h'Alba

Duncan I (1001?-40), king of Scotland (1034-40), grandson of King Malcolm II Mackenneth, whom he succeeded. Before his accession to the Scottish throne he was ruler of the kingdom of Strathclyde. Macbeth, who ruled the neighboring kingdom of Moray and served Duncan as a general, killed him and became king of Scotland.
! Murdered by Macbeth at Bothnagowanm near Elgin

GIVN I
SURN Duncan
DATE 9 SEP 2000
TIME 13:17:19

Interred: Isle of Iona, Scotland

King of Strathclyde. Murdered by Macbeth.

Father: , Crinan (Grimus), Mormaer of Atholl, b. CIR 975

Mother: , Bethoc (Beatrix), Heiress of Scone

Child 1: , Malcolm III Caennmor of Scotland, King of Scotland, b. ABT 1031
Child 2: , Donald III Bane of Scotland, King of Scotland, b. ABT 1033
Child 3: , Margaret
Child 4: , Maelmuir of Atholl, Earl of Atholl, b. CIR 1035
Child 5: , daughter of Scotland

Source #1: Frederick Lewis Weis, "Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America Before 1700" - Seventh Edition, with additions and corrections by Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr., assisted by Davis Faris (Baltimore, MD: Genealogical Publishing Co, 1995), p. 108

A. K. A. "Duncan Mac Crinan" King of the Scots, 1034-1040.

King of Scotland

Assassinated by Macbeth

King of Strathclyde. Murdered by Macbeth. [New Cunard.ged]

King of Scotland

Assassinated by Macbeth

Name Prefix: King Name Suffix: Of Scotland "The Gracious" He wasthe first general ruler of Scotland, and Marmoar of Moray. He was slain by MacBeth.

Although depicted by Shakespeare as having been killed by Macbeth, hewas actually killed in the battle of Burghead, near Elgin (which battle may indeed have been against the forces of Macbeth).

King of Strathclyde (1018 - 1034) King of Scots (1034 - 1040) --------------------------- died Aug. 1, 1040, near Elgin, Moray, Scot. King of the Scots (1034–40). The grandson of KingMalcolm II , his accession to the throne violated the system in which kingshipalternated between two branches of the royal family. He was challenged by Macbeth, mormaer (subking) of Moray, who was the inspiration for the play by WilliamShakespeare and who may have had a stronger claim to the throne. Macbeth murdered Duncan in 1040, and Duncan's elder son later killed Macbeth and ruled as Malcolm III Canmore .

Murdered by Macbeth

SOURCE CITATION:
Title: Ancestral File (TM)
Author: The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
Publication Information: July 1996 (c), data as of 2 January 1996
Repository Name: Family History Library
Address: 35 N West Temple Street
Salt Lake City, UT 84150 USA

SOURCE CITATION:
Title: Ancestral File (TM)
Author: The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
Publication Information: July 1996 (c), data as of 2 January 1996
Repository Name: Family History Library
Address: 35 N West Temple Street
Salt Lake City, UT 84150 USA

SOURCE CITATION:
Title: Ancestral File (TM)
Author: The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
Publication Information: July 1996 (c), data as of 2 January 1996
Repository Name: Family History Library
Address: 35 N West Temple Street
Salt Lake City, UT 84150 USA

[v37t1235.ftw]

Facts about this person:

Fact 1November 25, 1034
Acceded:

Fact 2
Interred: Isle of Iona, Scotland

was killed by Macbeth

Duncan I (1034 - 1040)
Duncan was the grandson of King Malcolm II , who irregularly made himruler of Strathclyde when that region was absorbed into the Scottish kingdom (probably shortly before 1034). Malcolm violated the established system of succession whereby the kingship alternated between two branches of the royal family. Upon Malcolm's death, Duncan succeeded peacefully, but he soon faced the rivalry of Macbeth, Mormaor (subking) of Moray, who probably had a better claim to the throne. Duncan besieged Durham unsuccessfully in 1039 and in the following year was murdered by Macbeth near Elgin, Moray. Duncan's elder son later killed Macbeth and ruled as King Malcolm III Canmore.
General History of the Highlands
Macbeth through to Malcolm III 1093
http://www.electricscotland.com/history/genhist/hist23.html
Duncan, son of Bethoc or Beatrice, daughter of Malcolm II, succeeded his grandfather in the year 1033. "In the extreme north, dominions more extensive than any Jarl of the Orkneys had hitherto acquired, were united under the rule of Thorfinn, Sigurd's son, whose character and appearance have been thus described: - 'He was stout and strong, but very ugly, severe and cruel, but a very clever man'. The extensive districts then dependant upon the Moray Maormors were in possession of the celebrated Macbeth". Duncan, in 1033, desiring to extend his dominionssouthwards, attacked Durham, but was forced to retire with considerable loss. His principal struggles, however, were with his powerful kinsman, Thorfinn, whose success was so great that he extended his conquests as far as the Tay. "His men spread over the whole conquered country", says the Orkneyinga Saga, "and burnt every hamlet and farm, so thatnot a cot remained. Every man that they found they slew; but the old men and women fled to the deserts and woods, and filled the country with lamentation. Some were driven before the Norwegians and made slaves. After the Earl Thorfinn returned to his ships, subjugating the country everywhere in his progress". Duncan's last battle, in which he wasdefeated, was in the neighbourhood of Burghead, near the Moray Firth;and shortly after this, on the 14th August, 1040, he was assassinatedn Bothgowanan, - which in Gaelic, is said to mean "the smith's hut",- by his kinsman the Maormor Macbeda or Macbeth. Duncan had reigned only five years when he was assassinated by Macbeth, leaving two infantsons, Malcolm and Donal, by a sister of Siward, the Earl of Northumberland. The former fled to Cumberland, and the latter took refuge in the Hebrides, on the death of their father.
Macbeth, "snorting with the indigested fumes of the blood of his sovereign", immendiately siezed the gory sceptre. As several fictions havebeen propagated concerning the history and genealogy of Macbeth, we may mention that, according to the most authentic authorities, he was by birth Thane of Ross, and by his marriage with the Lady Gruoch, who had claim to the throne, as granddaughter of Kenneth, became also Thane of Moray, during the the minority of Lulach, the infant son of thatlady, by her former marriage with Gilcomgain, the Maormor or Thane ofMoray. Lady Gruocj was the daughter of Boedhe, son of Kenneth IV; andthus Macbeth united in his own person many powerful interests which enabled him to take quiet possession of the throne of the murdered sovereign. He, of course, found no difficulty in getting himself inaugurated at Scone, under the protection of the clans of Moray and Ross, and the aid of those who favoured the pretensions of the descendants of Kenneth IV.
Various attempts were makde on the part of the partisans of Malcolm, son of Duncan, to dispossess Macbeth of the throne. The most formidable was that of Siward, the powerful Earl of Northumberland, and the relation of Malcolm, who, at the instigation or command of Edward the Confessor, led a numerous army into Scotland in the year 1054. They marched as far north as Dunsinnan, where they were met by Macbeth, who commanded his troops in person. A furious battle ensured, but Macbeth fled from the field after many displays of courage. The Scots lost 3,000men, and the Saxons 1,500, including Osbert, the son of Siward. Macbeth retired to his fastness in the north, and Siward returned to Northumberland; but Malcolm continued the war till the death of Macbeth, whowas slain by Macduff, Thane of Fife, in revenge for the cruelties he had inflicted on his family, at Lumphanan, in Aberdeenshire, in the year 1056, although, according to Skene (Chronicles), it was in August 1057.
Macbeth was unquestionably a man of great vigour, and well fitted to govern in the age in which he lived; and had it not been for the idelible character bestowed upon him by Shakesperwe (who probably followed the chronicle of Holinshed), his character might have stood well with posterity. "The deeds which raised Macbeth and his wife to power were not in appearance much worse than others of their day done for similarends. However he may have gained his power, he exercised it with goodrepute, according to the reports nearest to his time". Macbeth, "in amanner sacred to splendid infamy", is the first king of Scotland whose name appears in the ecclesiastical records as a benefactor of the church, and, it would appear, the first who offered his services to theBishop of Rome. According to the records of St. Andrews, he made a gift of certain lands to the monastry of Lochleven, and certainly sent money to the poor of Rome, if, indeed, he did not himself make a pilgramage to the holy city.
After the reign of Macbeth, the former irresgular and confusing mode of succession ceased, and the hereditary mode of succession ceased, and the hereditary principle was adopted and acted upon.
Lulach, the great-grandson of Kenneth IV, being supported by the powerful infuence of his own family, and that of the deceased monarch, ascended the throne at the age of twenty-five or twenty-six; but his reign lasted only a few month, he having fallen in battle at Essie, in Strathbogie, in defending his crown against Malcolm. The body of Lulach was interred along with that of Macbeth, in Iona, the common sepulchre, for many centuries, of the Scottish kings.
Malcolm III, better known in history by the name of Malcolm Ceanmore,or great head, vindicated his claim to the vacant throne, and was crowned at Scone, 25th April, 1057. His first care was to recompense those who had assisted him in obtaining the sovereignty, and it is said that he created new titles of honour, by substituting earls for thanes;but this had been disputed, and there are really no data from which acertain conclusion can be drawn.
In the year 1059 Malcolm paid a visit to Edward the Confessor, duringwhose reign he lived on amicable terms with the English; but after the death of that monarch he made a hostile incursion into Northumberland, and wasted the country. He even violated the peace of St. Cuthbertin Holy Island.
William, Duke of Normandy, having overcome Harold in the battle of Hastings, on the 14th October, 1066, Edgar AEtheling saw no hopes of obtaining he crown, and left England along with his mother and sistets, and sought refuge in Scotland. Malcolm, on hearing of the distress of the illustrious strangers, left his royal palace at Dunfermline to meetthem, and invited them to Dunfermline, where they were hospitably entertained. Margaret, one of Edgar's sisters, was a princess of great virtues and accomplishments; and she at once won the heart of Malcolm.
The offer of his hand was accepted, and their nuptials were celebrated with great solemnity and spendour. This queen was a blessing to theking and to the nation, and appears to have well merited the appellation of Saint. There are few females in history who can be compared with Queen Margaret.
It is quite unnecessary, and apart from the object of the present work, to enter into any details of the wars between Malcolm and Willian the Conqueror, and William Rufus. Suffice it to say that both Malcolm and his eldest son Edward were slain in a battle on the Alne, on the 13th November, 1093, after a reign of thirty-six years. Queen Margaret, who was on her death-bed when this catastrophe occurred, died shortly after she received the intelligence with great composure and resignation to the will of God. Malcolm had six sons, viz, Edward, who was killed along with his father, Edmund, Edgar, Ethelred, Alexander, and David, and two daughters, Maud, who was married to Henry I of England, andMary, who married Eustache, Count of Boulogne. Of the sons, Edgar, Alexander, and David, successively came to the crown.
Thorfinn, Earl of Orkney, died in 1064, and his extensive possessionsin Scotland did not revert to his descendants, but to the native chiefs, who had had the original right to possess them. These chiefs appear to have been independent of the Scottish sovereign, and to have caused him no small amount of trouble. A considerable part of Malcolm's reign was spent in edeavouring to bring them into subjection, and before his death he had the satisfaction of seeing the whole of Scotland, with perhaps the exception of Orkney, acknowledging him as sole monarch. The Norwegian conquest appears to have effected a most important change in the character of the population and language of the eastern lowlands of the north of Scotland. The orginal population must in some way have given way to a Norwegian one, and, whatever mayhave been the original language, we find after this one of a decidedly Teutonic character prevailing in this distict, probably introduced along with the Norse population. "In the more mountainous and Highland districts, however, we are warranted in concluding that the effect must have been verydifferent, and that the possession of the country by the Norwegians for thirty years could have excercised as little permanent influence onthe population itself, as we are assured by the Saga it did upon the race of their chiefs".
"Previously to this conquest the northern Gaelic race possessed the whole of the north of Scotland, from the western to the eastern sea, and the general change produced by the conquest must have been, that the Gael were for the first time confined within those limits which they have never since exceeded, and that the eastern districts bacame inhabited by that Gothic race, who have also ever since possessed them".
Duncan I
Duncan I (1001?-1040), king of Scotland (1034-1040), grandson of KingMalcolm II Mackenneth, whom he succeeded. Before his accession to theScottish throne he was ruler of the kingdom of Strathclyde. Macbeth, who ruled the neighboring kingdom of Moray and served Duncan as a general, killed him and became king of Scotland. Shakespeare's tragedy Macbeth is based on the struggle between the two kings.
A sub-king and founder of the House of Dunkeld. Murdered by MacBeth. Annexed Strathclyde to Scotland in 1034, the of his accession. Reignedfrom 1034 until his defeat and murder by Macbeth in 1040.

Duncan I the Gracious, King of Scotland, added Strathclyde to the kingdom, and is thus considered to be the first king of a united Scotland. His reign, however, was a period of disatrous wars and internal strife; and ended in 1040 when he was defeated and killed in battle by Macbeth, Mormær of Ross and Moray who then became king.
Despite Shakespeare's depiction to the contrary, Macbeth was an honest monarch who was generous to the church; and as a grandson of Malcolm (II), had as legitimate a claim to the throne as did Duncan. As well, Macbeth's wife Gruoch was a greatX2 granddaughter of Malcolm (I). Duncan's wife, on the other hand, was a relative of Siward, the Viking Earl of Northumbria; which helps explain why Siward assisted Duncan's sons in defeating Macbeth.
In all fairness, it should be borne in mind that Shakespeare based his work on Raphael Holinshed's Chronicles and that he did not intend Macbeth to be an historical documentary, but rather an entertaining play.

(Medical):This was the same duncan who was murdered in Shakespeare's play "Macbeth"

Duncan I the Gracious, King of Scotland, added Strathclyde to the kingdom, and is thus considered to be the first king of a united Scotland. His reign, however, was a period of disatrous wars and internal strife; and ended in 1040 when he was defeated and killed in battle by Macbeth, Mormær of Ross and Moray who then became king.
Despite Shakespeare's depiction to the contrary, Macbeth was an honest monarch who was generous to the church; and as a grandson of Malcolm (II), had as legitimate a claim to the throne as did Duncan. As well, Macbeth's wife Gruoch was a greatX2 granddaughter of Malcolm (I). Duncan's wife, on the other hand, was a relative of Siward, the Viking Earl of Northumbria; which helps explain why Siward assisted Duncan's sons in defeating Macbeth.
In all fairness, it should be borne in mind that Shakespeare based his work on Raphael Holinshed's Chronicles and that he did not intend Macbeth to be an historical documentary, but rather an entertaining play.

(Medical):This was the same duncan who was murdered in Shakespeare's play "Macbeth"

Death in Battle
http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=image&guid=60e71b84-e2d3-40ae-a45a-58afdcb6ffa6&tid=929940&pid=-1376774881

Military
http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=image&guid=905f7c68-bfb7-4d78-a0fe-ae547f286b4a&tid=929940&pid=-1376774881

Royal
http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=image&guid=364f09bd-f927-449f-a5fa-3ab855b3fc4f&tid=929940&pid=-1376774881

--killed by his cousin, MacBeth
--Duncan, the son of Crinan, abbot of Dunkeld, and Bethoc, dau. of Malcolm, the son of Kenneth, reigned six years. Now being on solid ground, with the backing of [G.E. Cokayne's (new revised) COMPLETE PEERAGE, vols. I-xII pt. 2, 1910-1959 AND James Balfour Paul: SCOTS PEERAGE. 9 volumes. 1904-1914], we leave Ritson's Annals of the Scots. The above unbroken succession of the kings of the Scots from Fergus to Malcolm II is thus soundly andconvincingly authenticated. Duncan besieged Durham, 1035. King of Scotland, defeated (murdered?) by MAELBAETHE (Macbeth), Mormoar of Moray (Subject of Shakespeare's play, "Macbeth")MISC: Malcolm violated the established system of succession whereby the kingship alternated between two branches of the royal family. Upon Malcolm's death, Duncan succeeded peacefully, but he soon faced the rivalry of Macbeth, Mormaor (subking) of Moray, who probably had a better claim to the throne. Duncan besieged Durham unsuccessfully in 1039 and inthe following year was murdered by Macbeth near Elgin, Moray. Duncan's elder son later killed Macbeth and ruled as King Malcolm III Canmore.
Kg of Scots 1034-1040/1st Priest-King of Scotland
Sex: M
Birth: 1013 in of Atholl,Perthshire,SCOTLAND 1 2 3
Death: 14 AUG 1040 in Iona,near Elgin,SCOTLAND (Killed by Macbeth,his cousin) 1 2 3
Burial: AUG 1040 Iona,near Elgin,SCOTLAND
Note: OCCUPATION: Kingof Scots 1034-40. 1034, Duncan, the son of Crinan, abbot of Dunkeld, and Bethoc, dau. of Malcolm, the son of Kenneth, reigned six years. Now being on solid ground, withthe backing of [G.E. Cokayne's (new revised) COMPLETE PEERAGE, vols. I-xII pt.2, 1910-1959 AND James Balfour Paul: SCOTS PEERAGE. 9 volumes. 1904-1914], we leave Ritson's Annals of the Scots. The above unbroken succession ofthe kings of the Scots from Fergus to Malcolm II is thus soundly and convincingly authenticated. Duncan besieged Durham, 1035. King of Scotland, defeated (murdered?) by MAELBAETHE (Macbeth), Mormoar of Moray (Subject of Shakespeare's play, "Macbeth")MISC: Malcolm violated the established system of succession whereby the kingship alternated between two branches of the royal family. Upon Malcolm's death, Duncan succeeded peacefully, but he soon faced the rivalry of Macbeth, Mormaor (subking) of Moray, who probably had a better claim to the throne. Duncan besieged Durham unsuccessfully in 1039 and inthe following year was murdered by Macbeth near Elgin, Moray. Duncan's elder son later killed Macbeth and ruled as King Malcolm III Canmore.

Duncan met his fate at the hands of Macbeth in 1040; himself slain by
Malcolm (Ceann Mor or Bighead) who became King Malcolm III. Malcolm
married his second wife the English Princess Margaret, who had fled to
Scotland at the coming of the Normans. She introduced many English
fashions and customs to Scotland and established a refined court life.
Margaret also imposed English religious practices on the Scottish
clergy and
her husband moved the cultural center of his kingdom to Lothian, away
from
the Celtic north.

Unfortunately for the stability of Malcolm and Margaret's kingdom,
however,
the Scottish king's constant excursions into Northern England brought
him the
enmity of the Norman William who forced him to pay homage at Abernethy
in
1071. On one of his attacks on Northumberland in 1093, Malcolm was
killed,
his sainted wife following him in death a few days later. Margaret was
later
canonized for her benefactions to the Church including the rebuilding
of the
monastery at Iona.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~`
He acceded on November 25, 1034. Duncan died on August 14, 1040 at
Bothganowan
in Elgin and was interred on the Isle of Iona in Scotland.

Duncan (died 1040), Scottish king murdered by Macbeth; Shakespeare
based his version of 'Macbeth' on Holinshed, who pictured Duncan as
kind and honorable, but earlier historians disagree with this.

---------------------------------------------------------
Excerpted from Compton's Interactive Encyclopedia
Copyright (c) 1994, 1995 Compton's NewMedia, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Grandson to Malcolm II. Under Malcolm's rule, in 1018, in the battle of
Carham, the Northumbrians were decisively defeated. With this event and as a
result of the inheritance of the crown of Strathclyde by Malcolm's grandson
Duncan, the Scottish domains, thereafter known as Scotland, embraced the
territory north of Solway Firth and the Tweed River. Duncan's reign, a period
of disastrous wars and internal strife, was ended in 1040 with his
assassination by Macbeth, his successor and cousin. See Macbeth.

Duncan I of Scotland
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Duncan I
(Donnchad mac Crínáin)
King of Scots

Reign 1034–1040
Birthplace Scotland
Died August 14, 1040 (aged 38)[1]
Pitgaveny, near Elgin
Buried Iona ?
Predecessor Malcolm II (Máel Coluim mac Cináeda)
Successor Macbeth (Mac Bethad mac Findláich)
Consort Suthen
Issue Malcolm III (Máel Coluim mac Donnchada)
Donalbane (Domnall Bán mac Donnchada)
Royal House Dunkeld
Father Crínán of Dunkeld
Mother Bethóc

Donnchad mac Crínáin (Modern Gaelic: Donnchadh mac Crìonain)[2] anglicised as Duncan I, and nicknamed An t-Ilgarach, "the Diseased" or "the Sick"[3] (died 14 August 1040)[1] was king of Scotland (Alba). He was son of Crínán, hereditary lay abbot of Dunkeld, and Bethóc, daughter of king Malcolm II of Scotland (Máel Coluim mac Cináeda).

Unlike the "King Duncan" of Shakespeare's Macbeth, the historical Duncan appears to have been a young man. He followed his grandfather Malcolm as king after the latter's death on 25 November 1034, without apparent opposition. He may have been Malcolm's acknowledged successor or tánaise as the succession appears to have been uneventful.[4] Earlier histories, following John of Fordun, supposed that Duncan had been king of Strathclyde in his grandfather's lifetime, ruling the former Kingdom of Strathclyde as an appanage. Modern historians discount this idea.[5]

Another claim by Fordun, that Duncan married the sister, daughter or cousin of Sigurd the Dane, Earl of Northumbria, appears to be equally unreliable. An earlier source, a variant of the Chronicle of the Kings of Alba (CK-I), gives Duncan's wife the Gaelic name Suthen.[6] Whatever his wife's name may have been, Duncan had at least two sons. The eldest, Malcolm III (Máel Coluim mac Donnchada) was king from 1057 to 1093, the second Donald III (Domnall Bán, or "Donalbane") was king afterwards. Máel Muire, Earl of Atholl is a possible third son of Duncan, although this is uncertain.[7]

The early period of Duncan's reign was apparently uneventful, perhaps a consequence of his youth. Macbeth (Mac Bethad mac Findláich) is recorded as his dux, literally duke, but in the context — "dukes of Francia" had half a century before replaced the Carolingian kings of the Franks and in England the over-mighty Godwin of Wessex was called a dux — this suggests that Macbeth was the power behind the throne.[8]

In 1039, Duncan led a large Scots army south to besiege Durham, but the expedition ended in disaster. Duncan survived, but the following year he led an army north into Moray, traditionally seen as Macbeth's domain. There he was killed, at Pitgaveny near Elgin, by his own men led by Macbeth, probably on 14 August 1040.[9]

[edit] Depictions in fiction
Duncan is depicted as an elderly King in Macbeth by William Shakespeare. He is killed in his sleep by the protagonist, Macbeth.

[edit] Notes
^ a b Broun, "Duncan I (d. 1040)".
^ Donnchad mac Crínáin is the Mediaeval Gaelic form.
^ Skene, Chronicles, p. 101.
^ Duncan, Kingship of the Scots, p. 33.
^ Duncan, Kingship of the Scots, p. 40.
^ Duncan, Kingship of the Scots, p. 37.
^ Oram, David I, p. 233, n. 26: the identification is from the Orkneyinga saga but Máel Muire's grandson Máel Coluim, Earl of Atholl is known to have married Donald III's granddaughter Hextilda.
^ Duncan, Kingship of the Scots, pp. 33–34.
^ Broun, "Duncan I (d. 1040)"; the date is from Marianus Scotus and the killing is recorded by the Annals of Tigernach.

[edit] References
Anderson, Alan Orr, Early Sources of Scottish History AD 500 to 1286, volume one. Republished with corrections, Paul Watkins, Stamford, 1990. ISBN 1-871615-03-8
Broun, Dauvit, "Duncan I (d. 1040)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 accessed 15 May 2007
Duncan, A. A. M., The Kingship of the Scots 842–1292: Succession and Independence. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, 2002. ISBN 0-7486-1626-8
Oram, Richard, David I: The King Who Made Scotland. Tempus, Stroud, 2004. ISBN 0-7524-2825-X
Duncan I of Scotland
House of Dunkeld
Born: unknown 14 August
Regnal titles
Preceded by
Malcolm (Máel Coluim) II King of Scots
1034–1040 Succeeded by
Macbeth (Mac Bethad)

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
King of Strathclyde 1018 - 1034 King of Scots 1034 - 1040 Although depicted by Shakespeare as having been killed by Macbeth, he was actually killed in the battle of Burghead, near Elgin (which battle may indeed have been against the forces of Macbeth) Source: RoyaList

Duncan met his fate at the hands of Macbeth in 1040; himself slain by
Malcolm (Ceann Mor or Bighead) who became King Malcolm III. Malcolm
married his second wife the English Princess Margaret, who had fled to
Scotland at the coming of the Normans. She introduced many English
fashions and customs to Scotland and established a refined court life.
Margaret also imposed English religious practices on the Scottish
clergy and
her husband moved the cultural center of his kingdom to Lothian, away
from
the Celtic north.

Unfortunately for the stability of Malcolm and Margaret's kingdom,
however,
the Scottish king's constant excursions into Northern England brought
him the
enmity of the Norman William who forced him to pay homage at Abernethy
in
1071. On one of his attacks on Northumberland in 1093, Malcolm was
killed,
his sainted wife following him in death a few days later. Margaret was
later
canonized for her benefactions to the Church including the rebuilding
of the
monastery at Iona.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

He acceded on November 25, 1034. Duncan died on August 14, 1040 at
Bothganowan
in Elgin and was interred on the Isle of Iona in Scotland.

Duncan (died 1040), Scottish king murdered by Macbeth; Shakespeare
based his version of 'Macbeth' on Holinshed, who pictured Duncan as
kind and honorable, but earlier historians disagree with this.

---------------------------------------------------------
Excerpted from Compton's Interactive Encyclopedia
Copyright (c) 1994, 1995 Compton's NewMedia, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Grandson to Malcolm II. Under Malcolm's rule, in 1018, in the battle of
Carham, the Northumbrians were decisively defeated. With this event and as a
result of the inheritance of the crown of Strathclyde by Malcolm's grandson
Duncan, the Scottish domains, thereafter known as Scotland, embraced the
territory north of Solway Firth and the Tweed River. Duncan's reign, a period
of disastrous wars and internal strife, was ended in 1040 with his
assassination by Macbeth, his successor and cousin. See Macbeth.

Duncan met his fate at the hands of Macbeth in 1040; himself slain by
Malcolm (Ceann Mor or Bighead) who became King Malcolm III. Malcolm
married his second wife the English Princess Margaret, who had fled to
Scotland at the coming of the Normans. She introduced many English
fashions and customs to Scotland and established a refined court life.
Margaret also imposed English religious practices on the Scottish
clergy and
her husband moved the cultural center of his kingdom to Lothian, away
from
the Celtic north.

Unfortunately for the stability of Malcolm and Margaret's kingdom,
however,
the Scottish king's constant excursions into Northern England brought
him the
enmity of the Norman William who forced him to pay homage at Abernethy
in
1071. On one of his attacks on Northumberland in 1093, Malcolm was
killed,
his sainted wife following him in death a few days later. Margaret was
later
canonized for her benefactions to the Church including the rebuilding
of the
monastery at Iona.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

He acceded on November 25, 1034. Duncan died on August 14, 1040 at
Bothganowan
in Elgin and was interred on the Isle of Iona in Scotland.

Duncan (died 1040), Scottish king murdered by Macbeth; Shakespeare
based his version of 'Macbeth' on Holinshed, who pictured Duncan as
kind and honorable, but earlier historians disagree with this.

---------------------------------------------------------
Excerpted from Compton's Interactive Encyclopedia
Copyright (c) 1994, 1995 Compton's NewMedia, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Grandson to Malcolm II. Under Malcolm's rule, in 1018, in the battle of
Carham, the Northumbrians were decisively defeated. With this event and as a
result of the inheritance of the crown of Strathclyde by Malcolm's grandson
Duncan, the Scottish domains, thereafter known as Scotland, embraced the
territory north of Solway Firth and the Tweed River. Duncan's reign, a period
of disastrous wars and internal strife, was ended in 1040 with his
assassination by Macbeth, his successor and cousin. See Macbeth.

(Research):Duncan besieged Durham, 1035. "1034. Duncan, the son of Crinan Abbot of Dunkeld, and Bethoc, daughter of Malcolm, the son of Kenneth, reigned six years."

Duncan met his fate at the hands of Macbeth in 1040; himself slain by
Malcolm (Ceann Mor or Bighead) who became King Malcolm III. Malcolm
married his second wife the English Princess Margaret, who had fled to
Scotland at the coming of the Normans. She introduced many English
fashions and customs to Scotland and established a refined court life.
Margaret also imposed English religious practices on the Scottish
clergy and
her husband moved the cultural center of his kingdom to Lothian, away
from
the Celtic north.

Unfortunately for the stability of Malcolm and Margaret's kingdom,
however,
the Scottish king's constant excursions into Northern England brought
him the
enmity of the Norman William who forced him to pay homage at Abernethy
in
1071. On one of his attacks on Northumberland in 1093, Malcolm was
killed,
his sainted wife following him in death a few days later. Margaret was
later
canonized for her benefactions to the Church including the rebuilding
of the
monastery at Iona.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

He acceded on November 25, 1034. Duncan died on August 14, 1040 at
Bothganowan
in Elgin and was interred on the Isle of Iona in Scotland.

Duncan (died 1040), Scottish king murdered by Macbeth; Shakespeare
based his version of 'Macbeth' on Holinshed, who pictured Duncan as
kind and honorable, but earlier historians disagree with this.

---------------------------------------------------------
Excerpted from Compton's Interactive Encyclopedia
Copyright (c) 1994, 1995 Compton's NewMedia, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Grandson to Malcolm II. Under Malcolm's rule, in 1018, in the battle of
Carham, the Northumbrians were decisively defeated. With this event and as a
result of the inheritance of the crown of Strathclyde by Malcolm's grandson
Duncan, the Scottish domains, thereafter known as Scotland, embraced the
territory north of Solway Firth and the Tweed River. Duncan's reign, a period
of disastrous wars and internal strife, was ended in 1040 with his
assassination by Macbeth, his successor and cousin. See Macbeth.

DESCENT: Frederick Lewis Weis and Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr., Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America Before 1700, 7th ed., at 147 (1992). Line 170-20.

King of Scots 1034-1040. Murdered by Macbeth near Elgin, 14 Aug 1040; m. a dau. of Siward, Danish Earl of Northumberland. He besieged Durham, 1035.

Killed by Macbeth.

1 AUTH Sl

King of Scots

When Malcolm II died in 1034 the succession was disputed. Duncan I, son o f Malcolm's daughter, Bethoc, was the first King of the House of Atholl , but he was later slain by his cousin, Macbeth who seized the throne.
This story is better known to the world than you would expect because o f William Shakespeare's dramatic play. There are similarities and differe nces between "the Scottish Play" and how Macbeth died at the hands of Mal colm Canmore who went on to rule for a turbulent thirty-five years.

AFN: 8XJK-C3

(Research):>Death note: Death Surety:2

Killed by MacBeth, Who Succeeded him.

Macbeth killed his wife's cousin Duncan I and seized the throne of Scotland, remaining as King of Scotland for several years. Duncan's son Malcolm killed Macbeth and became King of Scotland the following year. Macbeth's step-son, his wife's child by a first marriage, was king from 1057 to 1058, when Malcolm took the throne back, becoming Malcolm III.

ALIA: Duncan 'the Gracious' // I
Title: King
Birth: 1007 in of Atholl, Perthshire, Scotland 1
Death: 14 AUG 1040 in Iona, near Elgin, Scotland (killed By Macbeth) 2
Event: Note 1 25 NOV 1034 Ascended to the throne
Event: Note 2 BET. 1034 - 1040 King of Scotland
Event: Note 3 14 AUG 1040 Slain by Macbeth 3
Event: AKA (Facts Page) Duncan 'the Gracious', King of Scotland Reference Number: IND1397
Note: Duncan I. (Maldred), King of Scotland, was slain by his cousin, Macbeth, local chief of Moray in 1041. One source puts his death on August 14, 1040.

Sources:

1. Title: Internet source
Repository:
Call Number:
Media: Electronic
Page: http://www.my-ged.com/db/page/joyner/2403

2. Title: Internet source
Repository:
Call Number:
Media: Electronic
Page: http://www.rootsweb.com/~gumby/cgi-bin/igmget.cgi/n=Winch?I04294

3. ("The Genealogy of Homer Beers James", V1, JANDA Consultants, © 1993 Homer James)

Duncan I, KING OF SCOTS
Given Name: Duncan I,
Surname: King of Scots
Sex: M
Birth: 1001 in Atholl, Perth, Scotland
Death: 8/14/1040 in Killed by MacBeth, Bothganowan (now Pitgaveny) near Elgin, Scotland

Father: Crinan THE THANE, HEREDITARY ABBOT OF DUNKELD b: Abt. 975 in Of, Atholl, Perth, Scotland
Mother: Bethoc, PRINCESS OF SCOTLAND b: Abt. 984 in Of, Atholl, Perth, Scotland

Marriage 1 Sybilla FITZSIWARD b: Abt. 1014 in Northumberland, England
Children

[2986] COLVER31.TXT file

WSHNGT.ASC file (Geo Washington Ahnentafel) # 17435788 = 4366880

Reign: 1034-1040

Killed 1040 by Macbeth, King of Scotland

EDWARD3.DOC b 1007

[matilda_of_scotland.ged]

- killed by Macbeth

==================================================

FAIRBAIRN Genealogy
URL: http://home.austarnet.com.au/dfgoonan/FAIRBAIRNpg.htm

Fairbairn was supposed to derive from Fair (white, pale, handsome) and bairn (child), but this seems unlikely as surnames weren't granted to children.

Another more likely theory has the surname derive from a Viking Prince named Siward “the Fair” BEORN (bear). He was also known as Siward Fairbairn “of the Strong Arm”. His father was Siward "Digira" whose father was Hringo, King of Upland who was also known as Earl Beorn (bear). The tales about Siward and his father were called “Fay Bairn” (fairy bear) and relate to Nordic legends.

Siward "Digira" lived in England from about 995 until his death in 1056. King Edward “the Confessor” conferred the title of Earl of Northumbria (Northumberland) on the giant man.

An enduring story tells of Siward’s encounter with Tostig, Earl of Huntington. Tostig apparently insulted Siward by throwing dirt on him when they met on a bridge. Siward had just left a meeting with King Edward and took no offence. They met again on the same bridge and this time Siward decapitated Tostig and carried his head to King Edward. Edward was so impressed that he awarded Siward the Earldom of Huntington in addition to Northumbria. (If Siward killed Tostig prior to 1056, then it would discredit sources that say that Tostig was defeated by his brother Harold at the Battle of Stamford Bridge in 1066.)

Siward’s sister married Duncan, King of Scots. Siward’s eldest son was Osberne “Bulax” who was killed in battle with “Macbeth” on 27th July 1054. Osberne was said to have married the daughter of Lady Godiva. Siward’s second son Waltheof married Juditha, a niece of William “the Conqueror” who helped Waltheof regain the title of Earl of Northumbria in 1069. Their friendship didn’t last long though as King William had Waltheof beheaded outside Westminster in 1076.

Osberne “Bulax” had two sons named Siward Barn “the Red” and Siward Barn “the White” (Fairbarn). Siward “the White” became a refugee and fled to Scotland with Edgar “the Atheling” where he was greeted kindly by his cousin Malcolm III, King of Scots. Siward and Malcolm III set about driving the Normans out of Northumbria. During battle Malcolm III had his horse killed under him and was partially crippled. Siward Fairbairn fought his way to the armoured King, took him under his arm and fought his way to safety. For this bravery he was knighted Sir Armstrange and given lands and a castle on the Scottish border. It is from this Siward Fairbairn that the Armstrongs of Mangerton claim decent.

Duncan I (d. Aug. 1, 1040, near Elgin, Moray, Scot.), king of the Scots from 1034 to 1040. Duncan was the grandson of King Malcolm II (ruled 1005-34), who irregularly made him ruler of Strathclyde when that region was absorbed into the Scottish kingdom (probably shortly before 1034). Malcolm violated the established system of succession whereby the kingship alternated between two branches of the royal family. Upon Malcolm's death, Duncan succeeded peacefully, but he soon faced the rivalry of Macbeth, Mormaor (subking) of Moray, who probably had a better claim to the throne. Duncan besieged Durham unsuccessfully in 1039 and in the following year was murdered by Macbeth. Duncan's elder son later killed Macbeth and ruled as King Malcolm III Canmore (1058-93). #FC55 in Ashley's "Kings & Queens"

Notes for Duncan I King of Scotland:

Killed by Macbeth

Duncan was the son of Malcolm II's eldest daughter Bethoc and herhusband Crinan, Lay Abbot of Dunkeld. He was about 33 when hesucceeded his grandfather. Married to a cousin of Siward, Earl ofNorthumberland he may have favoured southern ways and this is perhapswhy he became unpopular with his subjects. In 1039 he did march southto besiege Durham but he was beaten off, with heavy losses. Duncanattempted to impose his overlordship over Moray (an independentdynasty) by military force. He was then twice defeated by the Earl ofOrkney's son, Thorfinn, before being killed in battle by Macbeth, oneof his commanders, near Elgin, Morayshire on 14 August 1040 as madefamous by William Shakespeare.

GIVN I
SURN Duncan
DATE 9 SEP 2000
TIME 13:17:19

Donnchad mac Crínáin (Modern Gaelic : Donnchadh mac Crìonain)[2] anglicised as Duncan I, and nicknamed An t-Ilgarach, "the Diseased" or "the Sick"[3] (died 14 August 1040)[1] was king of Scotland (Alba ). He was son of Crínán , hereditary lay abbot of Dunkeld , and Bethóc , daughter of king Malcolm II of Scotland (Máel Coluim mac Cináeda).
Unlike the "King Duncan " of Shakespeare's Macbeth , the historical Duncan appears to have been a young man. He followed his grandfather Malcolm as king after the latter's death on 25 November 1034 , without apparent opposition. He may have been Malcolm's acknowledged successor or tánaise as the succession appears to have been uneventful.[4] Earlier histories, following John of Fordun , supposed that Duncan had been king of Strathclyde in his grandfather's lifetime, ruling the former Kingdom of Strathclyde as an appanage . Modern historians discount this idea.[5]
Another claim by Fordun, that Duncan married the sister, daughter or cousin of Sigurd the Dane , Earl of Northumbria , appears to be equally unreliable. An earlier source, a variant of the Chronicle of the Kings of Alba (CK-I), gives Duncan's wife the Gaelic name Suthen.[6] Whatever his wife's name may have been, Duncan had at least two sons. The eldest, Malcolm III (Máel Coluim mac Donnchada) was king from 1057 to 1093, the second Donald III (Domnall Bán, or "Donalbane") was king afterwards. Máel Muire, Earl of Atholl is a possible third son of Duncan, although this is uncertain.[7]
The early period of Duncan's reign was apparently uneventful, perhaps a consequence of his youth. Macbeth (Mac Bethad mac Findláich) is recorded as his dux, literally duke , but in the context - "dukes of Francia" had half a century before replaced the Carolingian kings of the Franks and in England the over-mighty Godwin of Wessex was called a dux - this suggests that Macbeth was the power behind the throne .[8]
In 1039, Duncan led a large Scots army south to besiege Durham , but the expedition ended in disaster. Duncan survived, but the following year he led an army north into Moray , traditionally seen as Macbeth's domain. There he was killed, at Pitgaveny near Elgin , by his own men led by Macbeth, probably on 14 August 1040 .[9]

Duncan I (1034-40)
Duncan was the son of Malcolm II's eldest daughter Bethoc and her husband Crinan, Lay Abbot of Dunkeld. He was about 33 when he succeeded his grandfather. Married to a cousin of Siward, Earl of Northumberland he may have favoured southern ways and this is perhaps why he became unpopular with his subjects. In 1039 he did march south to besiege Durham but he was beaten off, with heavy losses. Duncan attempted to impose his overlordship over Moray (an independent dynasty) by military force. He was then twice defeated by the Earl of Orkney's son, Thorfinn, before being killed in battle by Macbeth, one of his commanders, near Elgin, Morayshire on 14 August 1040.

Source: Official Website of the British Government

[Kopi av ROYALS.FTW]

Reign: 1034-1040Reign: 1034-1040
Reign: 1034-1040
[Brit. Enc.] reigned 1034-1040.

[Jeremiah Brown.FTW]

[from http://www.geo.ed.ac.uk/scotgaz/people/famousfirst404.html]
Succeeded his maternal grandfather King Malcolm II (c.954 - 1018), which was much resented by MacBeth (c.1005 - 1057), who was also a grandson of Malcolm, and had expected to succeed him. Duncan could not have been different from Shakespeare's portrayal, he was foolhardy and not particularly effective. MacBeth formed an alliance with their cousin the Earl of Orkney, and they defeated and killed Duncan near Forres. One source puts his death on August 14, 1040. Duncan's son Malcolm Canmore (c.1031-93) succeeded to the throne only after he had defeated MacBeth and MacBeth's son Luloch

#Générale#note décès : assassiné par Macbeth

#Générale#s:ds02.89 ; hg98.186

note couple : #Générale#s:Auréjac

#Générale#Naissance : ou bien encore en 1001.
Profession : Roi d'Ecosse du 25 Novembre 1034 à 1040.

{geni:about_me} http://www.friesian.com/perifran.htm#england

'''Donnchad mac Crínáin (Modern Gaelic: Donnchadh mac Crìonain) anglicised as Duncan I, and nicknamed An t-Ilgarach, "the Diseased" or "the Sick" (died 14 August 1040) was king of Scotland (Alba).'''

Parents: Crínán 'the Thane', Mormaer of Atholl and Bethóc of Scotland

Wife: [http://www.geni.com/people/Suthen-Sibylla-of-Scotland/6000000000424732452?through=6000000005037689063# Suthen also called Sibylla] (NB: NOT Siward's daughter but his cousin, read her About)
Children:

1. Mael Coluim III 'Canmore'

2. Domnall Bán

3. Mael Muire, Earl of Atholl (son)

---------

Parents: '''[http://www.geni.com/people/Cr%C3%ADn%C3%A1n-of-Dunkeld/6000000002236747331 CRINAN] "the Thane", son of --- (-killed in battle 1045). Abthane of Dule. Lay abbot of Dunkeld. Steward of the Western Isles. Mormaer of Atholl. He was killed fighting King Macbeth. m ([1000]) [http://www.geni.com/people/Bethoc-ingen-Mail-Coluim-meic-Cin%C3%A1eda/6000000002236872569?through=6000000002236747331 BETHOC], daughter of [http://www.geni.com/people/Malcolm-II-The-Destroyer-King-of-Scots/6000000000013017126?through=6000000002236872569 MALCOLM II] King of Scotland & his wife ---.'''
Crinan & Bethoc had two children:

>i) '''[http://www.geni.com/people/Duncan-I-the-Gracious-King-of-Scots/6000000005037689063?through=6000000002236747331 DUNCAN] King DUNCAN I 1034-1040; [Donnchad], son of CRINAN "the Thane" Mormaer of Atholl & his wife Bethoc of the Scots ([1001]-killed in battle either Bothganowan/Pitgaveny, near Elgin, or Burghead 14 Aug 1040, buried Isle of Iona).'''
>His parentage is confirmed by the Annals of Ulster which record the death of "Donnchad son of Crínán, king of Scotland" in 1040[265].
>He is not named as king in the 12th century Cronica Regum Scottorum king-list[266].
>The Chronicle of John of Fordun names "Duncan" as son of "Crynyne Abthane of Dul and Steward of the Isles" and his wife[267].
>He succeeded in 1018 as King of Strathclyde. [This is disputed by Duncan, A. A. M., The Kingship of the Scots 842–1292: Succession and Independence. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, 2002. ISBN 0-7486-1626-8 - Sharon]
>He succeeded his maternal grandfather in 1034 as DUNCAN I King of Scotland.
>The Orkneyinga Saga records that “Karl Hundason” succeeded King Malcolm in Scotland and records his battles with Thorfinn Jarl of Orkney[268]. No other record has been identified of this alleged person.
>The Annales Dunelmenses record that "Dumechanus rex Scotorum" besieged Durham in 1039 with a large army but retreated from the siege[269].
>He was killed in battle by his first cousin, Macbeth, who succeeded as King of Scotland.
>The Chronicon of Marianus Scottus records that "Donnchal rex Scotiæ" was killed "1040 XIX Kal Sep" by "duce suo Macbethad mac Finnloech" who succeeded as king for 17 years[270].
>The Annals of Ulster record that "Donnchad son of Crínán, king of Scotland, was killed by his own people" in 1040[271].
>The Annals of Tigernach record that “Donncadh mac Crínan, airdrí Alban” was killed “immaturo etate a suis” in 1040[272].
>The Chronicle of John of Fordun records that Duncan was killed by "Machabeus son of Finele…at Bothgofnane" and buried in the island of Iona[273].
>The Chronicle of the Scots and Picts dated 1177 records that "Donchath mac Cran Abbatis de Dunkelden et Bethok filia Malcolm mac Kynnet" reigned for 6 years, was killed "a Maketh mac Fyngel in Bothngouane" and was buried "in Yona insula"[274]. [http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/SCOTLAND.htm#_Toc253996186 Cawley’s Medlands]

>m ([1030]) '''[http://www.geni.com/people/Suthen-Sibylla-of-Scotland/6000000000424732452?through=6000000005037689063 SUTHEN] [SIBYLLA], [cousin of SIWARD Earl of Northumbria, daughter of ---].''' The Chronicle of John of Fordun records that the mother of Malcolm and Donald Bane, Duncan´s sons, was "the cousin of Earl Siward"[275]. This information is not included in any earlier source and should be considered dubious. In one earlier king list, King Malcolm III's mother is named "Suthen"[276]. No reference has been found in primary sources to her being named Sibylla, the name found in many secondary sources. [http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/SCOTLAND.htm#_Toc253996186 Cawley’s Medlands]

>King Duncan I & his wife had [three] children:
>>1. '''[http://www.geni.com/people/Malcolm-III-King-of-Scots/6000000005029367221?through=6000000000424732452 MALCOLM] (1031-killed in battle near Alnwick, Northumberland 13 Nov 1093, buried Tynemouth, later transferred to Dunfermline Abbey, Fife, and later still to Escorial, Madrid). The Chronicon of Marianus Scottus records that "Moelcol…filius Donchael" succeeded Lulach in 1058[277]. He succeeded in 1058 as MALCOLM III "Caennmor/Bighead" King of Scotland.''' [http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/SCOTLAND.htm#_Toc253996186 Cawley’s Medlands]

>>2. '''[http://www.geni.com/people/Donald-III-Bane-King-of-Scots/6000000000769914003?through=6000000000424732452 DONALD] (- died in prison Rescobie, Forfarshire 1099, buried Dunkeld Abbey, later transferred to Isle of Iona).''' Matthew Paris names him as brother of King Malcolm, and records that he was elected by the Scots to succeed his brother in 1093 as DONALD III "Bane", King of Scotland 1093-1097 [278]. Florence of Worcester records that "Dufenaldum regis Malcolmi fratrem" was elected king after his brother's death but that "filius regis Malcolmi Dunechain" expelled "patruum suum Dufenaldum"[279]. According to Florence of Worcester, he expelled all the English from the Scottish court[280]. "Douenald filius Conchat Regis" made donations "cum ceteris regibus…Duncano rege Edgaro et Alexandro et David fratribus"[281]. This charter is undated and the reference to the four brothers all as kings indicates that it is probably spurious. Florence of Worcester records that King Donald was deposed in 1094 by his nephew Duncan, with help from the English and Normans[282]. The Annals of Inisfallen record that "Domnall son of Donnchadh” killed “Donnchadh son of Mael Coluim king of Alba” in 1094 and “took the kingship of Alba”[283]. The Chronicle of John of Fordun records that "his uncle Donald…again usurped the kingship" after the death of "Duncan, King Malcolm´s illegitimate son" and reigned for three years[284]. Florence of Worcester records that "clitorem Eadgarum" led an army to Scotland in [1097] to place "consobrinum suum Eadgarum Malcolmi regis filium" on the Scottish throne after expelling "patruo suo Dufenaldo"[285]. William of Malmesbury records that King Duncan II "was murdered by the wickedness of his uncle Donald" and that the latter was "dispatched by the contrivance of David, the youngest brother and the power of [King] William [II]"[286]. He was imprisoned. The Chronicle of the Picts and Scots dated 1251 records that "Donald mac Donchat" was captured "a Edgar mac Malcolm", blinded, died in "Rosolpin" and was buried "in Dunkelden", transferred to Iona[287]. m ---. The name of Donald's wife is not known. [http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/SCOTLAND.htm#_Toc253996186 Cawley’s Medlands]

>>3. '''[http://www.geni.com/people/Mael-Muire-mac-Donnchad/6000000000769914029?through=6000000000424732452 MAELMUIRE] [Melmare] (-died after [1135]).''' According to the Complete Peerage, Melmare, who it says was the father of Madach Earl of Atholl, was the son of Duncan I King of Scotland & his wife ---, but it cites no corresponding primary source[302]. The primary source which confirms that this is correct has not yet been identified. The only primary source reference to Maelmuire which has so far been found is the undated charter under which David I King of Scotland granted protection to the clerics of Deer, which is witnessed by "Donchado comite de Fib et Malmori d´Athotla et Ggillebrite comite d´Engus et Ghgillcomded Mac Aed…"[303]. From the names of the earls of Fife and Angus, it is unlikely that this document can be dated to before 1135 at the earliest. If that is correct, it is evidently impossible from a chronological point of view that Maelmuire could have been the son of King Duncan I.] [http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/SCOTLAND.htm#_Toc253996186 Cawley’s Medlands]

>ii) '''[http://www.geni.com/people/Maldred-mac-Cr%C3%ADn%C3%A1n-Earl-of-Dunbar/6000000000769899955?through=6000000005037689063 MALDRED], son of CRINAN "the Thane" Mormaer of Atholl [Scotland] & his wife Bethoc of Scotland Lady of Atholl (-killed in battle [1045]).''' He is named son of Crinan by Roger of Hoveden[1346]. Lord of Allerdale. Regent of Strathclyde 1034/35. [http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/SCOTTISH%20NOBILITY.htm Cawley’s Medlands]
>m ([before 1040]) [http://www.geni.com/people/Ealdgyth/6000000000769899945?through=6000000000769899955 EALDGYTH] [Ælfgifu], daughter and heiress of UHTRED Earl of Northumbria & his third wife Ælfgifu of England (1016 or before-). Simeon of Durham names "Algiva daughter of earl Uchtred [and] of Algiva daughter of king Agelred" when recording that her father arranged her marriage to "Maldred the son of Crinan"[1347], although her father was long since dead when she married. Named daughter of Uhtred and Elgiva by Roger of Hoveden, who also names her husband and his father[1348]. [http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/SCOTTISH%20NOBILITY.htm Cawley’s Medlands]

--------------------------

Wikipedia:

Donnchad mac Crínáin (Modern Gaelic: Donnchadh mac Crìonain;[2] anglicised as Duncan I, and nicknamed An t-Ilgarach, "the Diseased" or "the Sick"[3]; died 14 August 1040)[1] was king of Scotland (Alba). He was son of Crínán, hereditary lay abbot of Dunkeld, and Bethóc, daughter of king Malcolm II of Scotland (Máel Coluim mac Cináeda).

Unlike the "King Duncan" of Shakespeare's Macbeth, the historical Duncan appears to have been a young man. He followed his grandfather Malcolm as king after the latter's death on 25 November 1034, without apparent opposition. He may have been Malcolm's acknowledged successor or tánaise as the succession appears to have been uneventful.[4] Earlier histories, following John of Fordun, supposed that Duncan had been king of Strathclyde in his grandfather's lifetime, ruling the former Kingdom of Strathclyde as an appanage. Modern historians discount this idea.[5]

An earlier source, a variant of the Chronicle of the Kings of Alba (CK-I), gives Duncan's wife the Gaelic name Suthen.[6] Whatever his wife's name may have been, Duncan had at least two sons. The eldest, Malcolm III (Máel Coluim mac Donnchada) was king from 1057 to 1093, the second Donald III (Domnall Bán, or "Donalbane") was king afterwards. Máel Muire, Earl of Atholl is a possible third son of Duncan, although this is uncertain.[7]

The early period of Duncan's reign was apparently uneventful, perhaps a consequence of his youth. Macbeth (Mac Bethad mac Findláich) is recorded as his dux, literally duke, but in the context — "dukes of Francia" had half a century before replaced the Carolingian kings of the Franks and in England the over-mighty Godwin of Wessex was called a dux — this suggests that Macbeth was the power behind the throne.[8]

In 1039, Duncan led a large Scots army south to besiege Durham, but the expedition ended in disaster. Duncan survived, but the following year he led an army north into Moray, traditionally seen as Macbeth's domain. There he was killed, at Pitgaveny near Elgin, by his own men led by Macbeth, probably on 14 August 1040.[9]

Depictions in fiction

Duncan is depicted as an elderly King in Macbeth by William Shakespeare. He is killed in his sleep by the protagonist, Macbeth.

In the animated television series Gargoyles he is depicted as a weak and conniving king who assassinates those who he believes threaten his rule. He even tries to assassinate Macbeth. However like in actual history he is killed in battle.

Notes

1. ^ a b Broun, "Duncan I (d. 1040)".

2. ^ Donnchad mac Crínáin is the Mediaeval Gaelic form.

3. ^ Skene, Chronicles, p. 101.

4. ^ Duncan, Kingship of the Scots, p. 33.

5. ^ Duncan, Kingship of the Scots, p. 40.

6. ^ Duncan, Kingship of the Scots, p. 37.

7. ^ Oram, David I, p. 233, n. 26: the identification is from the Orkneyinga saga but Máel Muire's grandson Máel Coluim, Earl of Atholl is known to have married Donald III's granddaughter Hextilda.

8. ^ Duncan, Kingship of the Scots, pp. 33–34.

9. ^ Broun, "Duncan I (d. 1040)"; the date is from Marianus Scotus and the killing is recorded by the Annals of Tigernach.

References

* Anderson, Alan Orr, Early Sources of Scottish History AD 500 to 1286, volume one. Republished with corrections, Paul Watkins, Stamford, 1990. ISBN 1-871615-03-8

* Broun, Dauvit, "Duncan I (d. 1040)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 accessed 15 May 2007

* Duncan, A. A. M., The Kingship of the Scots 842–1292: Succession and Independence. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, 2002. ISBN 0-7486-1626-8

* Oram, Richard, David I: The King Who Made Scotland. Tempus, Stroud, 2004. ISBN 0-7524-2825-X

--------------------

Links:

The Peerage: http://thepeerage.com/p10288.htm#i102879

Geneall: http://www.geneall.net/U/per_page.php?id=9427

Predecessor Malcolm II:

Successor MacBeth:

Wikipedia:

English: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duncan_I_of_Scotland

--------------------

Duncan I became king of Scotland in succession to his maternal grandfather Malcolm II in 1034, having previously ruled as rex Cumbrorum in the Kingdom of Strathclyde. His accession is said to be "the first example of inheritance of the Scottish throne in the direct line", as opposed to the previous tanistry system.

Duncan was known as Duncan The Gracious, a title that was not entirely complimentary. His uncaring approach to matters of state made him unpopular both with his subjects and the nobility. Not a strong ruler, he is chiefly known today through his connection with King Macbeth, which has been immortalized by William Shakespeare. The feud between these two when princes originated probably in a dispute over the succession to the throne; its details, however, are obscure, and the only fact which can be stated with any certainty is that Duncan was slain in battle by Macbeth, near Elgin, Moray, on August 15, 1040.

In 1039, Duncan marched south to besiege Durham, Northumbria, England, but was defeated with heavy losses. He also attempted to seize control of Moray, but was twice defeated by the Earl of Orkney's son, Thorfinn, before being killed in battle. He was killed at Bothnguane and buried at Iona.

Details of Duncan's marital life are a matter of debate among historians. The Scottish Regnal List I calls his wife Suthen, and John of Fordun calls her a kinswoman of Siward Biornsson, Earl of Northumbria. The United Kingdom's official history of the monarchy states that she was Siward's cousin.

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Ruled 1034 - 1040

Duncan I (d. Aug. 1, 1040, near Elgin, Moray, Scot.), king of the Scots from 1034 to 1040. Duncan was the grandson of King Malcolm II (ruled 1005-34), who irregularly made him ruler of Strathclyde when that region was absorbed into the Scottish kingdom (probably shortly before 1034). Malcolm violated the established system of succession whereby the kingship alternated between two branches of the royal family. Upon Malcolm's death, Duncan succeeded peacefully, but he soon faced the rivalryof Macbeth, Mormaor (subking) of Moray, who probably had a better claim to the throne. Duncan besieged Durham unsuccessfully in 1039 and in the following year was murdered by Macbeth. Duncan's elder son later killed Macbeth and ruled as King Malcolm III Canmore (1058-93).

1034-1040: King of Scots [Ref: Tapsell p180, Weis AR7 170:20] King of Scots [Ref: Moncreiffe p20] 1018-1034: King of Strathclyde [Ref: Paget p153] 1034: King of Scots [Ref: Paget p153] 1034: Duncan, the son of Crinan, abbot of Dunkeld, and Bethoc,daughter of Malcolm, the son of Kenneth, reigned six years [Ref: Weis AR 170:20]

1038 or 1039: Ealdred, Earl of Northumbria, invaded Strathclyde, perhaps in an attempt to wrest it from the Scots. Duncan responded in 1040 with an attack on Durham. Like his grandfather's attack in 1006, it ended in disaster, with Scottish forcesfleeing, and Scottish heads decorating the Durham marketplace. This defeat seems to hae weakened his authority so severely that Macbeth of the Cenel Loairn was able to defeat and kill him in battle near Elgin [Ref: Davidson 1995]

Duncan I (c. 1010-1040). King of Scots (1034-40), succeeding his grandfather Malcolm II. At his accession Duncan was already king of Stratyclyde, which thus became united to Scotia. In 1040 Duncan unsuccessfully besieged Durham and was twice defeated by Thorfinn, earl of Orkney, before being killed by Macbeth. [Ref: Dict of Brit History] Duncan, who was not a good old king but a headstrong young one, succeeded in 1034, but, having prejudiced his position by a failure against Durham (1039)was killed by his rival in 1040. [A History of Scotland by J.D. Mackie] Malcolm II's grandson Duncan became King of Strathclyde, as one of a line of Scottish sub-Kings of the small neighboring kingdom. When Malcolm died in 1034, Duncan succeeded him, and thus the kingdoms of Scotia, Lothian and Strathclyde were at last united. .Duncan was quite young, probably about thirty-three, when he succeeded his grandfather. At the time of his death in 1040 his two sons, Malcolm and Donald Ban (or Donaldbain), were small children.

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*Duncan I King of Scotland

born 1007 Atholl, Perthshire, Scotland

died 14 August 1040 Iona, near Elgin, Scotland

buried Iona, near Elgin, Scotland

father:

*Crinan (Grimus) de Mormaer Abbot of Dunkeld

born about 0975 Atholl, Perthshire, Scotland

died 1045 Dunkeld, Perthshire, Scotland

mother:

*Bethoc (Beatrix) Princess of Scotland

born about 0984 Atholl, Perthshire, Scotland

married about 1010 Atholl, Perthshire, Scotland

siblings:

*daughter of Crinan de Mormaer Princess of Scotland born about 1011 Atholl, Perthshire, Scotland

*Maldred Earl of Dunbar King of Scotland born about 1015 Dunbar, East Lothian, Scotland

died about 1045

spouse:

*Sibyl Fitzsiward

born about 1014 Northumberland, England

died 1070

married 1030 Scotland

children:

*Malcolm III King of Scotland born about 1033 Atholl, Perthshire, Scotland

died 13 Nov 1093 Alnwick, Northumberland, England

buried Holy Trinity Church, Dumferline, Fifeshire, Scotland

*Melmare (Maelmuire) (Melkofr) Earl of Atholl

born about 1040 Atholl, Perthshire, Scotland

*Donald III "Bane" King of Scotland born about 1033/34 Atholl, Perthshire, Scotland

died after 1097 Rescobie, Angusshire, Scotland buried Iona, Argyllshire, Scotland

Duncan Earl of Moray born about 1038 Morayshire, Scotland

biographical and/or anecdotal:

Macbeth siezed the throne of Scotland in 1040 after defeating and killing *Duncan I near Elgin.

He based his claim to the crown on his wife's royal descent (Duncan's former wife Sibyl).

Malcolm III, (son of Duncan I), and Earl Siward of Northumberland defeated Macbeth at

Dunsinane in 1054, but they did not dethrone him. Three years later, Malcolm III killed

Macbeth at Lumphanan. Macbeth's stepson Lulach reigned for a few months,

and then Malcolm III succeeded him as king.

William Shakespeare based his play, Macbeth, one of his greatest tragedies,

upon a distorted version of these events which he found in

Raphael Holinshed's 'Chronicle of Scottish History.'

The only kernel of historical truth in the play is Duncan's death at the hand of Macbeth.

From this fact, Shakespeare drew his portrait of ambition leading to a violent and tragic end.

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House of Dunkeld, 1034-1286

Duncan succeeded to the throne as the maternal grandson of Malcolm II. After an unsuccessful reign, Duncan was killed in battle by Macbeth, who had a long and relatively successful reign. In a series of battles between 1057 and 1058, Duncan's son Malcolm III defeated and killed Macbeth and Macbeth's stepson and heir Lulach, and claimed the throne. The dynastic feuds did not end there: on Malcolm's death in battle, his brother Donald Ban claimed the throne, expelling Malcolm's sons from Scotland; a civil war in the family ensued, with Donald Ban and Malcolm's son Edmund opposed by Malcolm's English-backed sons, led first by Duncan II and then by Edgar. Edgar triumphed, sending his uncle and brother to monasteries. After the reign of David I, the Scottish throne was passed according to rules of primogeniture, moving from father to son, or where not possible, brother to brother.

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Domnall_D%C3%A1sachtach.jpg/70px-Domnall_D%C3%A1sachtach.jpg&imgrefurl=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_monarchs_of_Scotland&usg=__HWHPBS0PjJqtG6GXeq-qb6W2vSo=&h=94&w=70&sz=3&hl=en&start=14&tbnid=HP2XBCdwLKSBLM:&tbnh=80&tbnw=60&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddonald%2BII%2Bthe%2Bmadman%2Bking%2Bof%2Bthe%2Bpicts%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DG

http://www.clan-duncan.co.uk/duncan1.html

Duncan was the son of Malcolm II's eldest daughter Bethoc and her husband Crinan, Lay Abbot of Dunkeld. He was about 33 when he succeeded his grandfather. Married to a cousin of Siward, Earl of Northumberland

William Shakespeare based his play, Macbeth, one of his greatest tragedies, upon a distorted version of these events which he found in Raphael Holinshed's 'Chronicle of Scottish History.' The only kernel of historical truth in the play is Duncan's death at the hand of Macbeth. From this fact, Shakespeare drew his portrait of ambition leading to a violent and tragic end.

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From http://www.rpi.edu/~holmes/Hobbies/Genealogy/ps05/ps05_443.htm

Duncan was the grandson of King Malcolm II (ruled 1005-34), who irregularly made him ruler of Strathclyde when that region was absorbed into the Scottish kingdom (probably shortly before 1034). Malcolm violated the established system of succession whereby the kingship alternated between two branches of the royal family. Upon Malcolm's death, Duncan succeeded peacefully, but he soon faced the rivalry of Macbeth, Mormaor (subking) of Moray, who probably had a better claim to the throne. Duncan besieged Durham unsuccessfully in 1039 and in the following year was murdered by Macbeth. Duncan's elder son later killed Macbeth and ruled as King Malcolm III Canmore (1058-93).

Duncan married a daughter of Siward, Danish Earl of Northumbria (a Viking) and his first wife Elfleda of Northumbria; Siward, d. 1055, is son of Earl Berne of the Royal House of Denmark. Duncan succeeded his maternal grandfather, Malcolm II, in 1034 ("the first example of inheritance of the Scottish throne in the direct line"); previously he was King of Cumbria (ruling from Strathclyde){-Encycl.Brit.,1956,7:736,20:146}. He was slain by his own general, Macbeth. His male line ruled Scotland until the death of Alexander III in 1286. Duncan is the first king of the House of Atholl.

Killed by MacBeth, his successor. He was slain by his cousin Macbeth, whose wife Gruoch was a claiment

to the throne. His life was forfeited according to the old Gaelic system whereby a king expected to be slain by his rightful successor, unless he could manage to kill him first, a relic from Pagan times...that was written about by William Shakespeare in "MacBeth".

References: [AR7],[Paget1],[RFC],[Weis1],[BurkeP]

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BIOGRAPHY: Married to the daughter or sister of Siward, Earl of Northumberland. Killed by MacBeth, his successor. King of Strathclyde.

Notes: This is the King Duncan who was murdered by Macbeth in the fictional play Macbeth by William Shakespeare. Apparently, Shakespeare used as his source the writings of Raphael Holinshed, author of 'Chronicle of Scottish History', but the only historical fact to survive in Shakespear's rendition is Duncan's death at the hand of Macbeth.

---------

Duncan I (1001?-40), king of Scotland (1034-40), grandson of King Malcolm II Mackenneth, whom he succeeded. Before his accession to the Scottish throne he was ruler of the kingdom of Strathclyde. Macbeth, who ruled the neighboring kingdom of Moray and served Duncan as a general, killed him and became king of Scotland. Shakespeare's tragedy Macbeth is based on the struggle between the two kings.

Source: "Duncan I," Microsoft(R) Encarta(R) 98 Encyclopedia. (c) 1993-1997 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.

History: Duncan I (1001?-1040), king of Scotland (1034-1040), grandson of King Malcolm II Mackenneth, whom he succeeded. Before his accession to the Scottish throne he was ruler of the kingdom of Strathclyde. Macbeth, who ruled the neighboring kingdom of Moray and served Duncan as a general, killed him and became king of Scotland. Shakespeare's tragedy Macbeth is based on the struggle between the two kings.

History: Microsoft® Encarta® Encyclopedia 2002. © 1993-2001 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.

--------------------

Donnchad mac Crínáin (en inglés, Duncan) (fallecido el 15 de agosto de 1040) fue rey de Alba. Era hijo de Crínán, de la abad hereditaria de Dunkeld, y de Bethóc, hija del rey Máel Coluim mac Cináeda.

A diferencia del "Rey Duncan" de la obra de William Shakespeare, Macbeth, el Donnchad histórico, y por tanto real, parece haber sido un hombre joven. Sucedió a su abuelo Máel Coluim como rey, tras la muerte de este último el 25 de noviembre de 1034, sin una aparente oposición. Debió ser reconocido como el sucesor legítimo de Máel Coluim o tanista, debido a que la sucesión no no fue inmemorable.[1] Algunos relatos más tempranos, siguiendo a John de Fordun, hacen suponer que Donnchad había sido rey de Strathclyde en tiempos de su abuelo, gobernando el primer reino de Strathclyde como un apanage. Los historiadores modernos, sin embargo, no dan crédito a esta idea.[2

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Duncan I av Skottland (gælisk Donnchad mac Crínáin) 15. august 1001 – 15. august 1040, var skottenes konge, sønn av Crínán av Dunkeld, lekmannsabbed av klosteret i Dukeld og prinsesse Bethoc av Skottland. Han ble konge i Skottland ved å etterfølge sin farfar Malcolm II av Skottland i 1034 etter tidligere å ha styrt som rex Cumbrorum (småkonge) over kongedømmet Strathclyde.

Hans tronebesittelse sies å ha vært det første eksempel i Skottland hvor tronen ble arvet i direkte linje, i motsetning til det gamle gæliske system, tanisteri, hvor kongen valgte sine etterfølger uten hensyn til familiebånd.

Duncan var også kjent som Duncan den nådige, men det er tittel som ikke var dekkende i alle sammenhenger. Hans følelseskalde holdning for politiske spørsmål gjorde ham upopulær blant folk og hos adelen. Duncan var ingen sterkt hersker, og han er hovedsakelig kjent i dag via sin forbindelse med kong Macbeth som ble gjort udødelig av William Shakespeare, skjønt for de gale årsaker. Striden mellom disse angikk nok hvem som skulle kunne kreve den skotske tronen. Detaljene er derimot svært uklare, og det eneste fakta som kan bli slått fast med sikkerhet er at

Duncan ble drept i et slag av Macbeth. Det skjedde i nærheten av Elgin, Moray den 15. august 1040.

Året før, i 1039, marsjerte Duncan sørover med hæren for beleire Durham i Northumbria, men ble beseiret med store tap. Han forsøkte også ta kontroll over Moray, men ble beseiret to ganger av Torfinn den mektige, sønn av jarlen av Orknøyene, før han ble drept i et slag mot Macbeth og senere begravet på Iona.

Detaljer om hans øvrige liv blir stadig diskutert blant historikerne. Den skotske kongeliste, Scottish Regnal List I, kaller hans kone for Suthen, mens John av Fordun nevner henne som en slektning av den danske «Sigurd Bjørnsson» eller «Sigurd Danske», forvansket til Siward av Northumbria, jarl av Northumbria, og i Storbritannias offisielle kongeliste slår fast at hun var Siwards kusine.

To av Ducans sønner, Malcolm III Canmore og Donald Bane ble begge konge av Skottland. En annen sønn, Máel Muire, ble far til Matad, mormaer av Atholl, og dennes sønn, Harald Maddadsson, halvt norsk på morsiden, styrte senere Orknøyene som norrøn jarl.

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Duncan I 'the Gracious', King of Scotland was born circa 1001.2 He was the son of Crinan, Mormaer of Atholl and Bethoc of Scotland. He married Sybilla (?), daughter of Siward Digera, Earl of Northumberland and Elfleda (?), circa 1030. He died on 14 August 1040 at Pitgaveny, Elgin, Morayshire, Scotland, killed by a blow from Macbeth.4 He was buried at Isle of Iona, Argyllshire, Scotland.

Duncan I 'the Gracious', King of Scotland gained the title of King Duncan of Strathclyde in 1018.3,5 He succeeded to the title of King Duncan I of Scotland on 25 November 1034.

Children of Duncan I 'the Gracious', King of Scotland and Sybilla (?)

* Malcolm III 'Caennmor', King of Scotland+ b. c 1031, d. 13 Nov 1093

* Donald III 'Donald bane', King of Scotland+ b. c 1033, d. 1099

* Melmare (?)+ b. c 1035

http://thepeerage.com/p10288.htm#i102879

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King Duncan I (King of Scotland 1034 - 1040). Duncan was born the son of Crinan, a powerful lay abbot of Dunkeld and Atholl noble, and Bethoc, the daughter of Malcolm II. Very little is known of Duncan but it can be reasonably assumed that he was far younger than the aged Duncan depicted by William Shakespeare. The Annals of Tigernach say that he was killed at an "immature age".

In 1018 Malcolm II's vassal, , Owen the Bald the (last) Welsh king of Strathclyde, died and he granted Duncan the throne. Malcolm II was determined to establish a Royal house, a family claim to the throne. The established system of the right of succession to the Scottish throne tanistry. Under this system the kingship of scotland had, for some time, alternated between two branches of the royal family. Malcolm had decided that his grandson, Duncan, should succeed him to the throne and a feud developed between Malcolm and the Gaelic tribes to the west and the Pictish tribes of the north. During this feud Malcolm managed to kill off several 'tanist' claimants to the throne.

In 1304 Malcolm II died after being wounded in battle with the Moray family and Duncan succeeded him. This united the land of the Picts and Scots with that of Lothian and Strathclyde under one rule for the first time. The day before Duncan's investiture one of his rival claimants was killed and another soon after. However much opposition remained in the north of the kingdom. Macbeth of Moray (Macbethad mac Findlaech), son of Finlech and the daughter of Malcolm II, had a strong claim to the throne in his own right because, like Duncan, he was a grandson of Malcolm II. However Macbeth had a double claim to the throne because, under the law of tanistry, his wife Gruoch, the widowed mother of Lulach, was a granddaughter of Kenneth III. Lulach the Fool, son of Gruoch, also had a strong claim but, because he was only a simple-minded child, it would appear that Duncan did not consider him a threat.

Those in the north would have been further antagonised when Duncan, who had married a sister of Siward the Dane, started to introduce many of his Danish relatives into the Royal court. It would appear that, for the first few years of his short reign, Duncan remained unopposed. In 1039 Duncan made a bold attempt at expanding his lands to the south by raiding the north of England. In confidence he made his way to lay siege at Durham but suffered great loses, many of his cavalry slain and most of his infantry were lost during the retreat.

Macbeth, possibly encouraged by the weakened position of Duncan, formed an alliance with their first cousin Thorfinn, earl of Orkney, Caithness and Sutherland under the King of Norway started a revolt. The rival armies met and Duncan was defeated and killed on August 1, 1040 near Elgin in Moray. There is some dispute as to the exact nature of Duncan's death, some texts say he died in battle and others say he was killed shortly after the battle by Macbeth.

Macbeth immediately seized the throne and Duncan's two sons, Malcolm and Donald, either escaped or were exiled. The eldest, Malcolm Canmore, was brought up in England by his maternal uncle, Earl Siward of Northumbria and Donald Bane (Domnall mac Donnchada or Domnall Bán) was brought up by relatives in the Western Isles/Outer Hebrides

Shakespeare's Duncan I

It is widely accepted that the way in which Duncan I is described in Shakespeare's "Macbeth" is incorrect. It must be remembered that Shakespeare was writing for entertainment purposes and not as a historian and, as such, his writings contain errors and elements which are based purely upon legend. It is clear that historical documentation supports the assumption that Duncan was a young man when he died. Shakespeare described him as aged and grey-bearded with Lady Macbeth being reminded of her father. However it is known that Duncan's father did not die until 1045 and if Shakespeare had been correct that would have Duncan's father reaching an impossible age. Furthermore when Duncan I died his sons, Malcolm and Donald, were still children.

Most historians agree that Duncan died in battle against Macbeth, however, there are some that suggest that he was killed by Macbeth shortly after the battle. All historians agree that he was not killed in his sleep by Macbeth. Shakespear paints Macbeth in an unfair light. I am sure, that having read this article, you will realise that Macbeth behaved like any other claimant to the throne and was within his rights to fight for his rights.

source: http://www.virtualscotland.co.uk/scotland_articles/famous-scots/king-duncan-I.htm

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____________________________________________________

Duncan I 'the Gracious', King of Scotland was born circa 1001.2 He was the son of Crinan of Atholl, Mormaer of Atholl and Bethoc of Scotland.1 He married Sybilla, daughter of Siward Digera, Earl of Northumberland and Elfleda, circa 1030.3 He died on 14 August 1040 in Pitgaveny, Elgin, Morayshire, Scotland, killed by a blow from Macbeth.4 He was also reported to have died on 14 October 1043 in Bothnagowan. He was buried in Isle of Iona, Argyllshire, Scotland.4

Duncan I 'the Gracious', King of Scotland gained the title of King Duncan of Strathclyde in 1018.3,5 He succeeded to the title of King Duncan I of Scotland on 25 November 1034.3

Family 1 Sybilla

Children Malcolm III 'Caennmor', King of Scotland+ b. c 1031, d. 13 Nov 1093

Donald III 'Donald bane', King of Scotland+ b. c 1033, d. 1099

Melmare+ b. c 1035

Family 2

Child Madach, 1st Earl of Atholl+ b. b 1115, d. bt 1142 - 11526

Citations [S125] Richard Glanville-Brown, online , Richard Glanville-Brown (RR 2, Milton, Ontario, Canada), downloaded 17 August 2005.

[S11] Alison Weir, Britain's Royal Family: A Complete Genealogy (London, U.K.: The Bodley Head, 1999), page 179. Hereinafter cited as Britain's Royal Family.

[S11] Alison Weir, Britain's Royal Family, page 180.

[S11] Alison Weir, Britain's Royal Family, page 181.

[S8] Charles Mosley, editor, Burke's Peerage and Baronetage, 106th edition, 2 volumes (Crans, Switzerland: Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd, 1999), volume 1, page 13. Hereinafter cited as Burke's Peerage and Baronetage, 106th edition.

[S37] Charles Mosley, editor, Burke's Peerage, Baronetage & Knightage, 107th edition, 3 volumes (Wilmington, Delaware, U.S.A.: Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd, 2003), volume 1, page 642. Hereinafter cited as Burke's Peerage and Baronetage, 107th edition

--------------------

Sources:

1) Richard Glanville-Brown, online , Richard Glanville-Brown (RR 2, Milton, Ontario, Canada), downloaded 17 August 2005.

2) Alison Weir, Britain's Royal Family: A Complete Genealogy (London, U.K.: The Bodley Head, 1999), page 179. Hereinafter cited as Britain's Royal Family.

3) Alison Weir, Britain's Royal Family, page 180.

4) Alison Weir, Britain's Royal Family, page 181.

5) Charles Mosley, editor, Burke's Peerage and Baronetage, 106th edition, 2 volumes (Crans, Switzerland: Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd, 1999), volume 1, page 13. Hereinafter cited as Burke's Peerage and Baronetage, 106th edition.

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King Duncan the 1st of Scotland (r. 1030 -1040)

Duncan was the son of Malcolm II's eldest daughter Bethoc and her husband Crinan, Lay Abbot of Dunkeld. He was about 33 when he succeeded his grandfather. Married to a cousin of Siward, Earl of Northumberland, he may have favoured southern ways and this is perhaps why he became unpopular with his subjects.

He was not the best tactician and in 1038 he marched south to besiege Durham but he was beaten off, with heavy losses. Duncan attempted to impose his over lordship over Moray (an independent dynasty) by military force. He was then twice defeated by the Earl of Orkney's son, Thorfinn, before being killed in battle by Macbeth, one of his commanders, near Elgin, Morayshire on 14 August 1040 and is at rest with other Scottish in Iona.

William Shakespeare based his play, Macbeth, one of his greatest tragedies, upon a distorted version of these events which he found in Raphael Holinshed's 'Chronicle of Scottish History.' The only kernel of historical truth in the play is Duncan's death at the hand of Macbeth. From this fact, Shakespeare drew his portrait of ambition leading to a violent and tragic end.

by John A. Duncan of Sketraw, KCN, FSA Scot.

--------------------

Sources:

The book, 'The Queen Mother'

The book, 'Scotlands Story', by Tom Steel

The book, 'Scotland, A Concise History', by Fitzroy Maclean

(plus many more ~ see Ancestors/Descendants)

_______________

WEBPAGES:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duncan_I_of_Scotland

http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/SCOTLAND.htm#_Toc253996186

http://www.englishmonarchs.co.uk/dunkeld.htm

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Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duncan_I_of_Scotland
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Duncan was the ancestor of the entire Irving Clan. Sometime before 1034, Duncan was named Prince of Cumberland by his Grandfather, Malcolm II, King of Scotland. Prince Duncan took several of the old Clans to the south border to defend Scotland from England, and Prince Duncan's uncle brought his clan, the Erivine's, with him. They built the Towers of Bonshaw along the banks of the Kirtle and many manor houses in what became the ancient home of the Irving Clan.

Malcolm II had no male heir when he was assassinated in 1034. The throne was occupied by the grandson of Malcolm and son of Erinus, Duncan Erivine I. During his reign, Duncan was defeated in his campaign against the Norsemen and led the remnants of his army home in 1040. While returning, he was attacked and killed by his first cousin, MacBeth the Usurper; who assumed the throne and ruled for 17 years. It is around Duncan's murder that Shakespeare's play MacBeth is based. Erinus was killed by MacBeth's forces in 1045 while seeking revenge for the murder of his son.

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Acceded to title (King)Nov 1034

Duncan I King of Scotland
Fanciful artists impression commisioned many hundred years after his death.

Notes
1 - Duncan was a haemophiliac who bled to death after fighting with MacBeth.
In 1034 Malcolm's grandson Duncan I succeeded him, but in 1040 he was
killed by Macbeth, who contrary to Shakespearian legend ruled well and wisely tor seventeen years, extending Scotland's connections with England and the Continent, until defeated and killed by Duncan's son, Malcolm III, known as Malcolm Canmore.

2 - Duncan's reign was short and unsuccessful. He was killed, probably in battle at Pitgaveny near Elgin, by a rival claimant and cousin MacBeth.

3 - On Malcolm's death in 1034, Duncan became king, the second to rule all Scotland. He was a weaker man than his grandfather, Malcolm II, with less understanding of the vulnerability of his position. The northern Scots, ever on the watch to snatch the throne, took advantage of this weakness. Macbeth, chief of this powerful race, harboured a claim to the throne through his mother. He fought tenaciously, and finally managed to kill Duncan in 1040 becoming King of Scotland in his place.
[ An Illustrated History of Scotland by Elisabeth Fraser pub. 1997 ] [5]

Sources
[S265] Colquoun_Cunningham.ged, Jamie Vans

[S260] Burke's Landed Gentry of Great Britain 2001, Peter Beauclerk Dewar,, (2001.)

[S370] Kings & Queens, Neil Grant, (pub 2003 by HarperCollinsPublishers Hammersmith London W6 8JB), p10 (Reliability: 3)

[S280] Stirnet Genealogy, Peter Barns-Graham, Temp06 (Reliability: 3)

[S370] Kings & Queens, Neil Grant, (pub 2003 by HarperCollinsPublishers Hammersmith London W6 8JB), 2 - p10 (Reliability: 3
--------------------

Notes
1 - Duncan was a haemophiliac who bled to death after fighting with MacBeth.
In 1034 Malcolm's grandson Duncan I succeeded him, but in 1040 he was
killed by Macbeth, who contrary to Shakespearian legend ruled well and wisely tor seventeen years, extending Scotland's connections with England and the Continent, until defeated and killed by Duncan's son, Malcolm III, known as Malcolm Canmore.

2 - Duncan's reign was short and unsuccessful. He was killed, probably in battle at Pitgaveny near Elgin, by a rival claimant and cousin MacBeth.

3 - On Malcolm's death in 1034, Duncan became king, the second to rule all Scotland. He was a weaker man than his grandfather, Malcolm II, with less understanding of the vulnerability of his position. The northern Scots, ever on the watch to snatch the throne, took advantage of this weakness. Macbeth, chief of this powerful race, harboured a claim to the throne through his mother. He fought tenaciously, and finally managed to kill Duncan in 1040 becoming King of Scotland in his place.
[ An Illustrated History of Scotland by Elisabeth Fraser pub. 1997 ] [5]

Sources
[S265] Colquoun_Cunningham.ged, Jamie Vans

[S260] Burke's Landed Gentry of Great Britain 2001, Peter Beauclerk Dewar,, (2001.)

[S370] Kings & Queens, Neil Grant, (pub 2003 by HarperCollinsPublishers Hammersmith London W6 8JB), p10 (Reliability: 3)

[S280] Stirnet Genealogy, Peter Barns-Graham, Temp06 (Reliability: 3)

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Historical basis of "King Duncan" in Shakespeare's Macbeth
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Main article: Scotland in the High Middle Ages

Malcolm's father Duncan I (Donnchad mac Crínáin) became king in late 1034, on the death of Malcolm II (Máel Coluim mac Cináeda), Duncan's maternal grandfather and Malcolm's Great-grandfather. According to John of Fordun, whose account is the original source of part at least of William Shakespeare's Macbeth, Malcolm's mother was a niece of Siward, Earl of Northumbria,[8][9] but an earlier king-list gives her the Gaelic name Suthen.[10] Other sources claim that either a daughter or niece would have been too young to fit the timeline, thus the likely relative would have been Siward's own sister Sybil, which may have translated into Gaelic as Suthen.

Duncan's reign was not successful and he was killed by Macbeth (Mac Bethad mac Findlaích) on 15 August 1040. Although Shakespeare's Macbeth presents Malcolm as a grown man and his father as an old one, it appears that Duncan was still young in 1040,[11] and Malcolm and his brother Donalbane (Domnall Bán) were children.[12] Malcolm's family did attempt to overthrow Macbeth in 1045, but Malcolm's grandfather Crínán of Dunkeld was killed in the attempt.[13]

Soon after the death of Duncan his two young sons were sent away for greater safety — exactly where is the subject of debate. According to one version, Malcolm (then aged about 9) was sent to England,[14] and his younger brother Donalbane was sent to the Isles.[15][16] Based on Fordun's account, it was assumed that Malcolm passed most of Macbeth's seventeen-year reign in the Kingdom of England at the court of Edward the Confessor.[17][18]

According to an alternative version, Malcolm's mother took both sons into exile at the court of Thorfinn Sigurdsson, Earl of Orkney, an enemy of Macbeth's family, and perhaps Duncan's kinsman by marriage.[19]

An English invasion in 1054, with Siward, Earl of Northumbria, in command, had as its goal the installation of one "Máel Coluim, son of the King of the Cumbrians". This Máel Coluim has traditionally been identified with the later Malcolm III.[20] This interpretation derives from the Chronicle attributed to the 14th-century chronicler of Scotland, John of Fordun, as well as from earlier sources such as William of Malmesbury.[21] The latter reported that Macbeth was killed in the battle by Siward, but it is known that Macbeth outlived Siward by two years.[22] A. A. M. Duncan argued in 2002 that, using the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle entry as their source, later writers innocently misidentified "Máel Coluim" with the later Scottish king of the same name.[23] Duncan's argument has been supported by several subsequent historians specialising in the era, such as Richard Oram, Dauvit Broun and Alex Woolf.[24] It has also been suggested that Máel Coluim may have been a son of Owen the Bald, British king of Strathclyde[25] perhaps by a daughter of Máel Coluim II, King of Scotland.[26]

In 1057 various chroniclers report the death of Macbeth at Malcolm's hand, on 15 August 1057 at Lumphanan in Aberdeenshire.[27][28] Macbeth was succeeded by his stepson Lulach, who was crowned at Scone, probably on 8 September 1057. Lulach was killed by Malcolm, "by treachery",[29] near Huntly on 23 April 1058. After this, Malcolm became king, perhaps being inaugurated on 25 April 1058, although only John of Fordun reports this.[

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Donnchad mac Crinain anglicized as Duncan I, and nicknamed An t-Ilgarach, "the Diseased" or "the Sick"; was king of Scotland (Alba) from 1034 to 1040. He is the historical basis of the "King Duncan" in Shakespeare's play Macbeth.

He was son of Crínán, hereditary lay abbot of Dunkeld, and Bethóc, daughter of king Máel Coluim mac Cináeda (Malcolm II).

Unlike the "King Duncan" of Shakespeare's Macbeth, the historical Duncan appears to have been a young man. He followed his grandfather Malcolm as king after the latter's death on 25 November 1034, without apparent opposition. He may have been Malcolm's acknowledged successor or tánaise as the succession appears to have been uneventful. Earlier histories, following John of Fordun, supposed that Duncan had been king of Strathclyde in his grandfather's lifetime, between 1018 and 1034, ruling the former Kingdom of Strathclyde as an appanage. Modern historians discount this idea.

An earlier source, a variant of the Chronicle of the Kings of Alba (CK-I), gives Duncan's wife the Gaelic name Suthen. Whatever his wife's name may have been, Duncan had at least two sons. The eldest, Malcolm III (Máel Coluim mac Donnchada) was king from 1058 to 1093, the second Donald III (Domnall Bán, or "Donalbane") was king afterwards. Máel Muire, Earl of Atholl is a possible third son of Duncan, although this is uncertain.

The early period of Duncan's reign was apparently uneventful, perhaps a consequence of his youth. Macbeth (Mac Bethad mac Findláich) is recorded as having been his dux, today rendered as "duke" and meaning nothing more than the rank between prince and marquess, but then still having the Roman meaning of "war leader". In context — "dukes of Francia" had half a century before replaced the Carolingian kings of the Franks and in England the over-mighty Godwin of Wessex was called a dux — this suggests that Macbeth may have been the power behind the throne.

In 1039, Duncan led a large Scots army south to besiege Durham, but the expedition ended in disaster. Duncan survived, but the following year he led an army north into Moray, Macbeth's domain, apparently on a punitive expedition against Moray. There he was killed in action, at Bothnagowan, now Pitgaveny, near Elgin, by the men of Moray led by Macbeth, probably on 14 August 1040. He is thought to have been buried at Elgin before later relocated to the Isle of Iona.
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Donnchad mac Crinain anglicized as Duncan I, and nicknamed An t-Ilgarach, "the Diseased" or "the Sick"; was king of Scotland (Alba) from 1034 to 1040. He is the historical basis of the "King Duncan" in Shakespeare's play Macbeth.

He was son of Crínán, hereditary lay abbot of Dunkeld, and Bethóc, daughter of king Máel Coluim mac Cináeda (Malcolm II).

Unlike the "King Duncan" of Shakespeare's Macbeth, the historical Duncan appears to have been a young man. He followed his grandfather Malcolm as king after the latter's death on 25 November 1034, without apparent opposition. He may have been Malcolm's acknowledged successor or tánaise as the succession appears to have been uneventful. Earlier histories, following John of Fordun, supposed that Duncan had been king of Strathclyde in his grandfather's lifetime, between 1018 and 1034, ruling the former Kingdom of Strathclyde as an appanage. Modern historians discount this idea.

An earlier source, a variant of the Chronicle of the Kings of Alba (CK-I), gives Duncan's wife the Gaelic name Suthen. Whatever his wife's name may have been, Duncan had at least two sons. The eldest, Malcolm III (Máel Coluim mac Donnchada) was king from 1058 to 1093, the second Donald III (Domnall Bán, or "Donalbane") was king afterwards. Máel Muire, Earl of Atholl is a possible third son of Duncan, although this is uncertain.

The early period of Duncan's reign was apparently uneventful, perhaps a consequence of his youth. Macbeth (Mac Bethad mac Findláich) is recorded as having been his dux, today rendered as "duke" and meaning nothing more than the rank between prince and marquess, but then still having the Roman meaning of "war leader". In context — "dukes of Francia" had half a century before replaced the Carolingian kings of the Franks and in England the over-mighty Godwin of Wessex was called a dux — this suggests that Macbeth may have been the power behind the throne.

In 1039, Duncan led a large Scots army south to besiege Durham, but the expedition ended in disaster. Duncan survived, but the following year he led an army north into Moray, Macbeth's domain, apparently on a punitive expedition against Moray. There he was killed in action, at Bothnagowan, now Pitgaveny, near Elgin, by the men of Moray led by Macbeth, probably on 14 August 1040. He is thought to have been buried at Elgin before later relocated to the Isle of Iona.
* Updated from [http://www.myheritage.com/research/collection-1/myheritage-family-trees?itemId=247133731-2-7425&action=showRecord&indId=externalindividual-c3f8856a275b377766501f51706fbf06&mrid=72303213931e0f3b56fe2cc4f6abf314 MyHeritage Family Trees] by [http://www.geni.com/projects/SmartCopy/18783 SmartCopy]: ''Dec 12 2014, 14:02:16 UTC''

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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duncan_I_of_Scotland
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Donnchad mac Crínáin (Modern Gaelic: Donnchadh mac Crìonain) anglicised as Duncan I, and nicknamed An t-Ilgarach, "the Diseased" or "the Sick" (died 14 August 1040) was king of Scotland (Alba).

Parents: Crínán 'the Thane', Mormaer of Atholl and Bethóc of Scotland

Wife: Suthen also called Sibylla (NB: NOT Siward's daughter but his cousin, read her About) Children:

1. Mael Coluim III 'Canmore'

2. Domnall Bán

3. Mael Muire, Earl of Atholl (son)

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Parents: CRINAN "the Thane", son of --- (-killed in battle 1045). Abthane of Dule. Lay abbot of Dunkeld. Steward of the Western Isles. Mormaer of Atholl. He was killed fighting King Macbeth. m ([1000]) BETHOC, daughter of MALCOLM II King of Scotland & his wife ---. Crinan & Bethoc had two children:

i) DUNCAN King DUNCAN I 1034-1040; [Donnchad], son of CRINAN "the Thane" Mormaer of Atholl & his wife Bethoc of the Scots ([1001]-killed in battle either Bothganowan/Pitgaveny, near Elgin, or Burghead 14 Aug 1040, buried Isle of Iona). His parentage is confirmed by the Annals of Ulster which record the death of "Donnchad son of Crínán, king of Scotland" in 1040[265]. He is not named as king in the 12th century Cronica Regum Scottorum king-list[266]. The Chronicle of John of Fordun names "Duncan" as son of "Crynyne Abthane of Dul and Steward of the Isles" and his wife[267]. He succeeded in 1018 as King of Strathclyde. [This is disputed by Duncan, A. A. M., The Kingship of the Scots 842–1292: Succession and Independence. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, 2002. ISBN 0-7486-1626-8 - Sharon] He succeeded his maternal grandfather in 1034 as DUNCAN I King of Scotland. The Orkneyinga Saga records that “Karl Hundason” succeeded King Malcolm in Scotland and records his battles with Thorfinn Jarl of Orkney[268]. No other record has been identified of this alleged person. The Annales Dunelmenses record that "Dumechanus rex Scotorum" besieged Durham in 1039 with a large army but retreated from the siege[269]. He was killed in battle by his first cousin, Macbeth, who succeeded as King of Scotland. The Chronicon of Marianus Scottus records that "Donnchal rex Scotiæ" was killed "1040 XIX Kal Sep" by "duce suo Macbethad mac Finnloech" who succeeded as king for 17 years[270]. The Annals of Ulster record that "Donnchad son of Crínán, king of Scotland, was killed by his own people" in 1040[271]. The Annals of Tigernach record that “Donncadh mac Crínan, airdrí Alban” was killed “immaturo etate a suis” in 1040[272]. The Chronicle of John of Fordun records that Duncan was killed by "Machabeus son of Finele…at Bothgofnane" and buried in the island of Iona[273]. The Chronicle of the Scots and Picts dated 1177 records that "Donchath mac Cran Abbatis de Dunkelden et Bethok filia Malcolm mac Kynnet" reigned for 6 years, was killed "a Maketh mac Fyngel in Bothngouane" and was buried "in Yona insula"[274]. Cawley’s Medlands

m ([1030]) SUTHEN [SIBYLLA], [cousin of SIWARD Earl of Northumbria, daughter of ---]. The Chronicle of John of Fordun records that the mother of Malcolm and Donald Bane, Duncan´s sons, was "the cousin of Earl Siward"[275]. This information is not included in any earlier source and should be considered dubious. In one earlier king list, King Malcolm III's mother is named "Suthen"[276]. No reference has been found in primary sources to her being named Sibylla, the name found in many secondary sources. Cawley’s Medlands

King Duncan I & his wife had [three] children:

1. MALCOLM (1031-killed in battle near Alnwick, Northumberland 13 Nov 1093, buried Tynemouth, later transferred to Dunfermline Abbey, Fife, and later still to Escorial, Madrid). The Chronicon of Marianus Scottus records that "Moelcol…filius Donchael" succeeded Lulach in 1058[277]. He succeeded in 1058 as MALCOLM III "Caennmor/Bighead" King of Scotland. Cawley’s Medlands

2. DONALD (- died in prison Rescobie, Forfarshire 1099, buried Dunkeld Abbey, later transferred to Isle of Iona). Matthew Paris names him as brother of King Malcolm, and records that he was elected by the Scots to succeed his brother in 1093 as DONALD III "Bane", King of Scotland 1093-1097 [278]. Florence of Worcester records that "Dufenaldum regis Malcolmi fratrem" was elected king after his brother's death but that "filius regis Malcolmi Dunechain" expelled "patruum suum Dufenaldum"[279]. According to Florence of Worcester, he expelled all the English from the Scottish court[280]. "Douenald filius Conchat Regis" made donations "cum ceteris regibus…Duncano rege Edgaro et Alexandro et David fratribus"[281]. This charter is undated and the reference to the four brothers all as kings indicates that it is probably spurious. Florence of Worcester records that King Donald was deposed in 1094 by his nephew Duncan, with help from the English and Normans[282]. The Annals of Inisfallen record that "Domnall son of Donnchadh” killed “Donnchadh son of Mael Coluim king of Alba” in 1094 and “took the kingship of Alba”[283]. The Chronicle of John of Fordun records that "his uncle Donald…again usurped the kingship" after the death of "Duncan, King Malcolm´s illegitimate son" and reigned for three years[284]. Florence of Worcester records that "clitorem Eadgarum" led an army to Scotland in [1097] to place "consobrinum suum Eadgarum Malcolmi regis filium" on the Scottish throne after expelling "patruo suo Dufenaldo"[285]. William of Malmesbury records that King Duncan II "was murdered by the wickedness of his uncle Donald" and that the latter was "dispatched by the contrivance of David, the youngest brother and the power of [King] William [II]"[286]. He was imprisoned. The Chronicle of the Picts and Scots dated 1251 records that "Donald mac Donchat" was captured "a Edgar mac Malcolm", blinded, died in "Rosolpin" and was buried "in Dunkelden", transferred to Iona[287]. m ---. The name of Donald's wife is not known. Cawley’s Medlands

3. MAELMUIRE [Melmare] (-died after [1135]). According to the Complete Peerage, Melmare, who it says was the father of Madach Earl of Atholl, was the son of Duncan I King of Scotland & his wife ---, but it cites no corresponding primary source[302]. The primary source which confirms that this is correct has not yet been identified. The only primary source reference to Maelmuire which has so far been found is the undated charter under which David I King of Scotland granted protection to the clerics of Deer, which is witnessed by "Donchado comite de Fib et Malmori d´Athotla et Ggillebrite comite d´Engus et Ghgillcomded Mac Aed…"[303]. From the names of the earls of Fife and Angus, it is unlikely that this document can be dated to before 1135 at the earliest. If that is correct, it is evidently impossible from a chronological point of view that Maelmuire could have been the son of King Duncan I.] Cawley’s Medlands

ii) MALDRED, son of CRINAN "the Thane" Mormaer of Atholl [Scotland] & his wife Bethoc of Scotland Lady of Atholl (-killed in battle [1045]). He is named son of Crinan by Roger of Hoveden[1346]. Lord of Allerdale. Regent of Strathclyde 1034/35. Cawley’s Medlands m ([before 1040]) EALDGYTH [Ælfgifu], daughter and heiress of UHTRED Earl of Northumbria & his third wife Ælfgifu of England (1016 or before-). Simeon of Durham names "Algiva daughter of earl Uchtred [and] of Algiva daughter of king Agelred" when recording that her father arranged her marriage to "Maldred the son of Crinan"[1347], although her father was long since dead when she married. Named daughter of Uhtred and Elgiva by Roger of Hoveden, who also names her husband and his father[1348]. Cawley’s Medlands

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Wikipedia:

Donnchad mac Crínáin (Modern Gaelic: Donnchadh mac Crìonain;[2] anglicised as Duncan I, and nicknamed An t-Ilgarach, "the Diseased" or "the Sick"[3]; died 14 August 1040)[1] was king of Scotland (Alba). He was son of Crínán, hereditary lay abbot of Dunkeld, and Bethóc, daughter of king Malcolm II of Scotland (Máel Coluim mac Cináeda).

Unlike the "King Duncan" of Shakespeare's Macbeth, the historical Duncan appears to have been a young man. He followed his grandfather Malcolm as king after the latter's death on 25 November 1034, without apparent opposition. He may have been Malcolm's acknowledged successor or tánaise as the succession appears to have been uneventful.[4] Earlier histories, following John of Fordun, supposed that Duncan had been king of Strathclyde in his grandfather's lifetime, ruling the former Kingdom of Strathclyde as an appanage. Modern historians discount this idea.[5]

An earlier source, a variant of the Chronicle of the Kings of Alba (CK-I), gives Duncan's wife the Gaelic name Suthen.[6] Whatever his wife's name may have been, Duncan had at least two sons. The eldest, Malcolm III (Máel Coluim mac Donnchada) was king from 1057 to 1093, the second Donald III (Domnall Bán, or "Donalbane") was king afterwards. Máel Muire, Earl of Atholl is a possible third son of Duncan, although this is uncertain.[7]

The early period of Duncan's reign was apparently uneventful, perhaps a consequence of his youth. Macbeth (Mac Bethad mac Findláich) is recorded as his dux, literally duke, but in the context — "dukes of Francia" had half a century before replaced the Carolingian kings of the Franks and in England the over-mighty Godwin of Wessex was called a dux — this suggests that Macbeth was the power behind the throne.[8]

In 1039, Duncan led a large Scots army south to besiege Durham, but the expedition ended in disaster. Duncan survived, but the following year he led an army north into Moray, traditionally seen as Macbeth's domain. There he was killed, at Pitgaveny near Elgin, by his own men led by Macbeth, probably on 14 August 1040.[9]

Depictions in fiction

Duncan is depicted as an elderly King in Macbeth by William Shakespeare. He is killed in his sleep by the protagonist, Macbeth.

In the animated television series Gargoyles he is depicted as a weak and conniving king who assassinates those who he believes threaten his rule. He even tries to assassinate Macbeth. However like in actual history he is killed in battle.

Notes

1. ^ a b Broun, "Duncan I (d. 1040)".
2. ^ Donnchad mac Crínáin is the Mediaeval Gaelic form.
3. ^ Skene, Chronicles, p. 101.
4. ^ Duncan, Kingship of the Scots, p. 33.
5. ^ Duncan, Kingship of the Scots, p. 40.
6. ^ Duncan, Kingship of the Scots, p. 37.
7. ^ Oram, David I, p. 233, n. 26: the identification is from the Orkneyinga saga but Máel Muire's grandson Máel Coluim, Earl of Atholl is known to have married Donald III's granddaughter Hextilda.
8. ^ Duncan, Kingship of the Scots, pp. 33–34.
9. ^ Broun, "Duncan I (d. 1040)"; the date is from Marianus Scotus and the killing is recorded by the Annals of Tigernach.
References

* Anderson, Alan Orr, Early Sources of Scottish History AD 500 to 1286, volume one. Republished with corrections, Paul Watkins, Stamford, 1990. ISBN 1-871615-03-8
* Broun, Dauvit, "Duncan I (d. 1040)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 accessed 15 May 2007
* Duncan, A. A. M., The Kingship of the Scots 842–1292: Succession and Independence. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, 2002. ISBN 0-7486-1626-8
* Oram, Richard, David I: The King Who Made Scotland. Tempus, Stroud, 2004. ISBN 0-7524-2825-X
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Links:

The Peerage: http://thepeerage.com/p10288.htm#i102879

Geneall: http://www.geneall.net/U/per_page.php?id=9427

Predecessor Malcolm II:

Successor MacBeth:

Wikipedia:

English: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duncan_I_of_Scotland

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Duncan I became king of Scotland in succession to his maternal grandfather Malcolm II in 1034, having previously ruled as rex Cumbrorum in the Kingdom of Strathclyde. His accession is said to be "the first example of inheritance of the Scottish throne in the direct line", as opposed to the previous tanistry system.

Duncan was known as Duncan The Gracious, a title that was not entirely complimentary. His uncaring approach to matters of state made him unpopular both with his subjects and the nobility. Not a strong ruler, he is chiefly known today through his connection with King Macbeth, which has been immortalized by William Shakespeare. The feud between these two when princes originated probably in a dispute over the succession to the throne; its details, however, are obscure, and the only fact which can be stated with any certainty is that Duncan was slain in battle by Macbeth, near Elgin, Moray, on August 15, 1040.

In 1039, Duncan marched south to besiege Durham, Northumbria, England, but was defeated with heavy losses. He also attempted to seize control of Moray, but was twice defeated by the Earl of Orkney's son, Thorfinn, before being killed in battle. He was killed at Bothnguane and buried at Iona.

Details of Duncan's marital life are a matter of debate among historians. The Scottish Regnal List I calls his wife Suthen, and John of Fordun calls her a kinswoman of Siward Biornsson, Earl of Northumbria. The United Kingdom's official history of the monarchy states that she was Siward's cousin.

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Ruled 1034 - 1040

Duncan I (d. Aug. 1, 1040, near Elgin, Moray, Scot.), king of the Scots from 1034 to 1040. Duncan was the grandson of King Malcolm II (ruled 1005-34), who irregularly made him ruler of Strathclyde when that region was absorbed into the Scottish kingdom (probably shortly before 1034). Malcolm violated the established system of succession whereby the kingship alternated between two branches of the royal family. Upon Malcolm's death, Duncan succeeded peacefully, but he soon faced the rivalryof Macbeth, Mormaor (subking) of Moray, who probably had a better claim to the throne. Duncan besieged Durham unsuccessfully in 1039 and in the following year was murdered by Macbeth. Duncan's elder son later killed Macbeth and ruled as King Malcolm III Canmore (1058-93).

1034-1040: King of Scots [Ref: Tapsell p180, Weis AR7 170:20] King of Scots [Ref: Moncreiffe p20] 1018-1034: King of Strathclyde [Ref: Paget p153] 1034: King of Scots [Ref: Paget p153] 1034: Duncan, the son of Crinan, abbot of Dunkeld, and Bethoc,daughter of Malcolm, the son of Kenneth, reigned six years [Ref: Weis AR 170:20]

1038 or 1039: Ealdred, Earl of Northumbria, invaded Strathclyde, perhaps in an attempt to wrest it from the Scots. Duncan responded in 1040 with an attack on Durham. Like his grandfather's attack in 1006, it ended in disaster, with Scottish forcesfleeing, and Scottish heads decorating the Durham marketplace. This defeat seems to hae weakened his authority so severely that Macbeth of the Cenel Loairn was able to defeat and kill him in battle near Elgin [Ref: Davidson 1995]

Duncan I (c. 1010-1040). King of Scots (1034-40), succeeding his grandfather Malcolm II. At his accession Duncan was already king of Stratyclyde, which thus became united to Scotia. In 1040 Duncan unsuccessfully besieged Durham and was twice defeated by Thorfinn, earl of Orkney, before being killed by Macbeth. [Ref: Dict of Brit History] Duncan, who was not a good old king but a headstrong young one, succeeded in 1034, but, having prejudiced his position by a failure against Durham (1039)was killed by his rival in 1040. [A History of Scotland by J.D. Mackie] Malcolm II's grandson Duncan became King of Strathclyde, as one of a line of Scottish sub-Kings of the small neighboring kingdom. When Malcolm died in 1034, Duncan succeeded him, and thus the kingdoms of Scotia, Lothian and Strathclyde were at last united. .Duncan was quite young, probably about thirty-three, when he succeeded his grandfather. At the time of his death in 1040 his two sons, Malcolm and Donald Ban (or Donaldbain), were small children.

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Duncan I King of Scotland
born 1007 Atholl, Perthshire, Scotland

died 14 August 1040 Iona, near Elgin, Scotland

buried Iona, near Elgin, Scotland

father:

Crinan (Grimus) de Mormaer Abbot of Dunkeld
born about 0975 Atholl, Perthshire, Scotland

died 1045 Dunkeld, Perthshire, Scotland

mother:

Bethoc (Beatrix) Princess of Scotland
born about 0984 Atholl, Perthshire, Scotland

married about 1010 Atholl, Perthshire, Scotland

siblings:

daughter of Crinan de Mormaer Princess of Scotland born about 1011 Atholl, Perthshire, Scotland
Maldred Earl of Dunbar King of Scotland born about 1015 Dunbar, East Lothian, Scotland
died about 1045

spouse:

Sibyl Fitzsiward
born about 1014 Northumberland, England

died 1070

married 1030 Scotland

children:

Malcolm III King of Scotland born about 1033 Atholl, Perthshire, Scotland
died 13 Nov 1093 Alnwick, Northumberland, England

buried Holy Trinity Church, Dumferline, Fifeshire, Scotland

Melmare (Maelmuire) (Melkofr) Earl of Atholl
born about 1040 Atholl, Perthshire, Scotland

Donald III "Bane" King of Scotland born about 1033/34 Atholl, Perthshire, Scotland
died after 1097 Rescobie, Angusshire, Scotland buried Iona, Argyllshire, Scotland

Duncan Earl of Moray born about 1038 Morayshire, Scotland

biographical and/or anecdotal:

Macbeth siezed the throne of Scotland in 1040 after defeating and killing *Duncan I near Elgin.

He based his claim to the crown on his wife's royal descent (Duncan's former wife Sibyl).

Malcolm III, (son of Duncan I), and Earl Siward of Northumberland defeated Macbeth at

Dunsinane in 1054, but they did not dethrone him. Three years later, Malcolm III killed

Macbeth at Lumphanan. Macbeth's stepson Lulach reigned for a few months,

and then Malcolm III succeeded him as king.

William Shakespeare based his play, Macbeth, one of his greatest tragedies,

upon a distorted version of these events which he found in

Raphael Holinshed's 'Chronicle of Scottish History.'

The only kernel of historical truth in the play is Duncan's death at the hand of Macbeth.

From this fact, Shakespeare drew his portrait of ambition leading to a violent and tragic end.

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House of Dunkeld, 1034-1286

Duncan succeeded to the throne as the maternal grandson of Malcolm II. After an unsuccessful reign, Duncan was killed in battle by Macbeth, who had a long and relatively successful reign. In a series of battles between 1057 and 1058, Duncan's son Malcolm III defeated and killed Macbeth and Macbeth's stepson and heir Lulach, and claimed the throne. The dynastic feuds did not end there: on Malcolm's death in battle, his brother Donald Ban claimed the throne, expelling Malcolm's sons from Scotland; a civil war in the family ensued, with Donald Ban and Malcolm's son Edmund opposed by Malcolm's English-backed sons, led first by Duncan II and then by Edgar. Edgar triumphed, sending his uncle and brother to monasteries. After the reign of David I, the Scottish throne was passed according to rules of primogeniture, moving from father to son, or where not possible, brother to brother.

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Domnall_D%C3%A1sachtach.jpg/70px-Domnall_D%C3%A1sachtach.jpg&imgrefurl=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_monarchs_of_Scotland&usg=__HWHPBS0PjJqtG6GXeq-qb6W2vSo=&h=94&w=70&sz=3&hl=en&start=14&tbnid=HP2XBCdwLKSBLM:&tbnh=80&tbnw=60&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddonald%2BII%2Bthe%2Bmadman%2Bking%2Bof%2Bthe%2Bpicts%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DG

http://www.clan-duncan.co.uk/duncan1.html

Duncan was the son of Malcolm II's eldest daughter Bethoc and her husband Crinan, Lay Abbot of Dunkeld. He was about 33 when he succeeded his grandfather. Married to a cousin of Siward, Earl of Northumberland

William Shakespeare based his play, Macbeth, one of his greatest tragedies, upon a distorted version of these events which he found in Raphael Holinshed's 'Chronicle of Scottish History.' The only kernel of historical truth in the play is Duncan's death at the hand of Macbeth. From this fact, Shakespeare drew his portrait of ambition leading to a violent and tragic end.

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From http://www.rpi.edu/~holmes/Hobbies/Genealogy/ps05/ps05_443.htm

Duncan was the grandson of King Malcolm II (ruled 1005-34), who irregularly made him ruler of Strathclyde when that region was absorbed into the Scottish kingdom (probably shortly before 1034). Malcolm violated the established system of succession whereby the kingship alternated between two branches of the royal family. Upon Malcolm's death, Duncan succeeded peacefully, but he soon faced the rivalry of Macbeth, Mormaor (subking) of Moray, who probably had a better claim to the throne. Duncan besieged Durham unsuccessfully in 1039 and in the following year was murdered by Macbeth. Duncan's elder son later killed Macbeth and ruled as King Malcolm III Canmore (1058-93).

Duncan married a daughter of Siward, Danish Earl of Northumbria (a Viking) and his first wife Elfleda of Northumbria; Siward, d. 1055, is son of Earl Berne of the Royal House of Denmark. Duncan succeeded his maternal grandfather, Malcolm II, in 1034 ("the first example of inheritance of the Scottish throne in the direct line"); previously he was King of Cumbria (ruling from Strathclyde){-Encycl.Brit.,1956,7:736,20:146}. He was slain by his own general, Macbeth. His male line ruled Scotland until the death of Alexander III in 1286. Duncan is the first king of the House of Atholl.

Killed by MacBeth, his successor. He was slain by his cousin Macbeth, whose wife Gruoch was a claiment

to the throne. His life was forfeited according to the old Gaelic system whereby a king expected to be slain by his rightful successor, unless he could manage to kill him first, a relic from Pagan times...that was written about by William Shakespeare in "MacBeth".

References: [AR7],[Paget1],[RFC],[Weis1],[BurkeP]

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BIOGRAPHY: Married to the daughter or sister of Siward, Earl of Northumberland. Killed by MacBeth, his successor. King of Strathclyde.

Notes: This is the King Duncan who was murdered by Macbeth in the fictional play Macbeth by William Shakespeare. Apparently, Shakespeare used as his source the writings of Raphael Holinshed, author of 'Chronicle of Scottish History', but the only historical fact to survive in Shakespear's rendition is Duncan's death at the hand of Macbeth.

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Duncan I (1001?-40), king of Scotland (1034-40), grandson of King Malcolm II Mackenneth, whom he succeeded. Before his accession to the Scottish throne he was ruler of the kingdom of Strathclyde. Macbeth, who ruled the neighboring kingdom of Moray and served Duncan as a general, killed him and became king of Scotland. Shakespeare's tragedy Macbeth is based on the struggle between the two kings.

Source: "Duncan I," Microsoft(R) Encarta(R) 98 Encyclopedia. (c) 1993-1997 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.

History: Duncan I (1001?-1040), king of Scotland (1034-1040), grandson of King Malcolm II Mackenneth, whom he succeeded. Before his accession to the Scottish throne he was ruler of the kingdom of Strathclyde. Macbeth, who ruled the neighboring kingdom of Moray and served Duncan as a general, killed him and became king of Scotland. Shakespeare's tragedy Macbeth is based on the struggle between the two kings.

History: Microsoft® Encarta® Encyclopedia 2002. © 1993-2001 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.

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Donnchad mac Crínáin (en inglés, Duncan) (fallecido el 15 de agosto de 1040) fue rey de Alba. Era hijo de Crínán, de la abad hereditaria de Dunkeld, y de Bethóc, hija del rey Máel Coluim mac Cináeda.

A diferencia del "Rey Duncan" de la obra de William Shakespeare, Macbeth, el Donnchad histórico, y por tanto real, parece haber sido un hombre joven. Sucedió a su abuelo Máel Coluim como rey, tras la muerte de este último el 25 de noviembre de 1034, sin una aparente oposición. Debió ser reconocido como el sucesor legítimo de Máel Coluim o tanista, debido a que la sucesión no no fue inmemorable.[1] Algunos relatos más tempranos, siguiendo a John de Fordun, hacen suponer que Donnchad había sido rey de Strathclyde en tiempos de su abuelo, gobernando el primer reino de Strathclyde como un apanage. Los historiadores modernos, sin embargo, no dan crédito a esta idea.[2

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Duncan I av Skottland (gælisk Donnchad mac Crínáin) 15. august 1001 – 15. august 1040, var skottenes konge, sønn av Crínán av Dunkeld, lekmannsabbed av klosteret i Dukeld og prinsesse Bethoc av Skottland. Han ble konge i Skottland ved å etterfølge sin farfar Malcolm II av Skottland i 1034 etter tidligere å ha styrt som rex Cumbrorum (småkonge) over kongedømmet Strathclyde.

Hans tronebesittelse sies å ha vært det første eksempel i Skottland hvor tronen ble arvet i direkte linje, i motsetning til det gamle gæliske system, tanisteri, hvor kongen valgte sine etterfølger uten hensyn til familiebånd.

Duncan var også kjent som Duncan den nådige, men det er tittel som ikke var dekkende i alle sammenhenger. Hans følelseskalde holdning for politiske spørsmål gjorde ham upopulær blant folk og hos adelen. Duncan var ingen sterkt hersker, og han er hovedsakelig kjent i dag via sin forbindelse med kong Macbeth som ble gjort udødelig av William Shakespeare, skjønt for de gale årsaker. Striden mellom disse angikk nok hvem som skulle kunne kreve den skotske tronen. Detaljene er derimot svært uklare, og det eneste fakta som kan bli slått fast med sikkerhet er at

Duncan ble drept i et slag av Macbeth. Det skjedde i nærheten av Elgin, Moray den 15. august 1040.

Året før, i 1039, marsjerte Duncan sørover med hæren for beleire Durham i Northumbria, men ble beseiret med store tap. Han forsøkte også ta kontroll over Moray, men ble beseiret to ganger av Torfinn den mektige, sønn av jarlen av Orknøyene, før han ble drept i et slag mot Macbeth og senere begravet på Iona.

Detaljer om hans øvrige liv blir stadig diskutert blant historikerne. Den skotske kongeliste, Scottish Regnal List I, kaller hans kone for Suthen, mens John av Fordun nevner henne som en slektning av den danske «Sigurd Bjørnsson» eller «Sigurd Danske», forvansket til Siward av Northumbria, jarl av Northumbria, og i Storbritannias offisielle kongeliste slår fast at hun var Siwards kusine.

To av Ducans sønner, Malcolm III Canmore og Donald Bane ble begge konge av Skottland. En annen sønn, Máel Muire, ble far til Matad, mormaer av Atholl, og dennes sønn, Harald Maddadsson, halvt norsk på morsiden, styrte senere Orknøyene som norrøn jarl.

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Duncan I 'the Gracious', King of Scotland was born circa 1001.2 He was the son of Crinan, Mormaer of Atholl and Bethoc of Scotland. He married Sybilla (?), daughter of Siward Digera, Earl of Northumberland and Elfleda (?), circa 1030. He died on 14 August 1040 at Pitgaveny, Elgin, Morayshire, Scotland, killed by a blow from Macbeth.4 He was buried at Isle of Iona, Argyllshire, Scotland.

Duncan I 'the Gracious', King of Scotland gained the title of King Duncan of Strathclyde in 1018.3,5 He succeeded to the title of King Duncan I of Scotland on 25 November 1034.
Children of Duncan I 'the Gracious', King of Scotland and Sybilla (?)

* Malcolm III 'Caennmor', King of Scotland+ b. c 1031, d. 13 Nov 1093
* Donald III 'Donald bane', King of Scotland+ b. c 1033, d. 1099
* Melmare (?)+ b. c 1035
http://thepeerage.com/p10288.htm#i102879

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King Duncan I (King of Scotland 1034 - 1040). Duncan was born the son of Crinan, a powerful lay abbot of Dunkeld and Atholl noble, and Bethoc, the daughter of Malcolm II. Very little is known of Duncan but it can be reasonably assumed that he was far younger than the aged Duncan depicted by William Shakespeare. The Annals of Tigernach say that he was killed at an "immature age".

In 1018 Malcolm II's vassal, , Owen the Bald the (last) Welsh king of Strathclyde, died and he granted Duncan the throne. Malcolm II was determined to establish a Royal house, a family claim to the throne. The established system of the right of succession to the Scottish throne tanistry. Under this system the kingship of scotland had, for some time, alternated between two branches of the royal family. Malcolm had decided that his grandson, Duncan, should succeed him to the throne and a feud developed between Malcolm and the Gaelic tribes to the west and the Pictish tribes of the north. During this feud Malcolm managed to kill off several 'tanist' claimants to the throne.

In 1304 Malcolm II died after being wounded in battle with the Moray family and Duncan succeeded him. This united the land of the Picts and Scots with that of Lothian and Strathclyde under one rule for the first time. The day before Duncan's investiture one of his rival claimants was killed and another soon after. However much opposition remained in the north of the kingdom. Macbeth of Moray (Macbethad mac Findlaech), son of Finlech and the daughter of Malcolm II, had a strong claim to the throne in his own right because, like Duncan, he was a grandson of Malcolm II. However Macbeth had a double claim to the throne because, under the law of tanistry, his wife Gruoch, the widowed mother of Lulach, was a granddaughter of Kenneth III. Lulach the Fool, son of Gruoch, also had a strong claim but, because he was only a simple-minded child, it would appear that Duncan did not consider him a threat.

Those in the north would have been further antagonised when Duncan, who had married a sister of Siward the Dane, started to introduce many of his Danish relatives into the Royal court. It would appear that, for the first few years of his short reign, Duncan remained unopposed. In 1039 Duncan made a bold attempt at expanding his lands to the south by raiding the north of England. In confidence he made his way to lay siege at Durham but suffered great loses, many of his cavalry slain and most of his infantry were lost during the retreat.

Macbeth, possibly encouraged by the weakened position of Duncan, formed an alliance with their first cousin Thorfinn, earl of Orkney, Caithness and Sutherland under the King of Norway started a revolt. The rival armies met and Duncan was defeated and killed on August 1, 1040 near Elgin in Moray. There is some dispute as to the exact nature of Duncan's death, some texts say he died in battle and others say he was killed shortly after the battle by Macbeth.

Macbeth immediately seized the throne and Duncan's two sons, Malcolm and Donald, either escaped or were exiled. The eldest, Malcolm Canmore, was brought up in England by his maternal uncle, Earl Siward of Northumbria and Donald Bane (Domnall mac Donnchada or Domnall Bán) was brought up by relatives in the Western Isles/Outer Hebrides

Shakespeare's Duncan I

It is widely accepted that the way in which Duncan I is described in Shakespeare's "Macbeth" is incorrect. It must be remembered that Shakespeare was writing for entertainment purposes and not as a historian and, as such, his writings contain errors and elements which are based purely upon legend. It is clear that historical documentation supports the assumption that Duncan was a young man when he died. Shakespeare described him as aged and grey-bearded with Lady Macbeth being reminded of her father. However it is known that Duncan's father did not die until 1045 and if Shakespeare had been correct that would have Duncan's father reaching an impossible age. Furthermore when Duncan I died his sons, Malcolm and Donald, were still children.

Most historians agree that Duncan died in battle against Macbeth, however, there are some that suggest that he was killed by Macbeth shortly after the battle. All historians agree that he was not killed in his sleep by Macbeth. Shakespear paints Macbeth in an unfair light. I am sure, that having read this article, you will realise that Macbeth behaved like any other claimant to the throne and was within his rights to fight for his rights.

source: http://www.virtualscotland.co.uk/scotland_articles/famous-scots/king-duncan-I.htm

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Duncan I 'the Gracious', King of Scotland was born circa 1001.2 He was the son of Crinan of Atholl, Mormaer of Atholl and Bethoc of Scotland.1 He married Sybilla, daughter of Siward Digera, Earl of Northumberland and Elfleda, circa 1030.3 He died on 14 August 1040 in Pitgaveny, Elgin, Morayshire, Scotland, killed by a blow from Macbeth.4 He was also reported to have died on 14 October 1043 in Bothnagowan. He was buried in Isle of Iona, Argyllshire, Scotland.4

Duncan I 'the Gracious', King of Scotland gained the title of King Duncan of Strathclyde in 1018.3,5 He succeeded to the title of King Duncan I of Scotland on 25 November 1034.3
Family 1 Sybilla

Children Malcolm III 'Caennmor', King of Scotland+ b. c 1031, d. 13 Nov 1093

Donald III 'Donald bane', King of Scotland+ b. c 1033, d. 1099

Melmare+ b. c 1035

Family 2

Child Madach, 1st Earl of Atholl+ b. b 1115, d. bt 1142 - 11526

Citations [S125] Richard Glanville-Brown, online , Richard Glanville-Brown (RR 2, Milton, Ontario, Canada), downloaded 17 August 2005.

[S11] Alison Weir, Britain's Royal Family: A Complete Genealogy (London, U.K.: The Bodley Head, 1999), page 179. Hereinafter cited as Britain's Royal Family.

[S11] Alison Weir, Britain's Royal Family, page 180.

[S11] Alison Weir, Britain's Royal Family, page 181.

[S8] Charles Mosley, editor, Burke's Peerage and Baronetage, 106th edition, 2 volumes (Crans, Switzerland: Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd, 1999), volume 1, page 13. Hereinafter cited as Burke's Peerage and Baronetage, 106th edition.

[S37] Charles Mosley, editor, Burke's Peerage, Baronetage & Knightage, 107th edition, 3 volumes (Wilmington, Delaware, U.S.A.: Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd, 2003), volume 1, page 642. Hereinafter cited as Burke's Peerage and Baronetage, 107th edition

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Sources:

1) Richard Glanville-Brown, online , Richard Glanville-Brown (RR 2, Milton, Ontario, Canada), downloaded 17 August 2005.

2) Alison Weir, Britain's Royal Family: A Complete Genealogy (London, U.K.: The Bodley Head, 1999), page 179. Hereinafter cited as Britain's Royal Family.

3) Alison Weir, Britain's Royal Family, page 180.

4) Alison Weir, Britain's Royal Family, page 181.

5) Charles Mosley, editor, Burke's Peerage and Baronetage, 106th edition, 2 volumes (Crans, Switzerland: Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd, 1999), volume 1, page 13. Hereinafter cited as Burke's Peerage and Baronetage, 106th edition.

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King Duncan the 1st of Scotland (r. 1030 -1040)

Duncan was the son of Malcolm II's eldest daughter Bethoc and her husband Crinan, Lay Abbot of Dunkeld. He was about 33 when he succeeded his grandfather. Married to a cousin of Siward, Earl of Northumberland, he may have favoured southern ways and this is perhaps why he became unpopular with his subjects.

He was not the best tactician and in 1038 he marched south to besiege Durham but he was beaten off, with heavy losses. Duncan attempted to impose his over lordship over Moray (an independent dynasty) by military force. He was then twice defeated by the Earl of Orkney's son, Thorfinn, before being killed in battle by Macbeth, one of his commanders, near Elgin, Morayshire on 14 August 1040 and is at rest with other Scottish in Iona.

William Shakespeare based his play, Macbeth, one of his greatest tragedies, upon a distorted version of these events which he found in Raphael Holinshed's 'Chronicle of Scottish History.' The only kernel of historical truth in the play is Duncan's death at the hand of Macbeth. From this fact, Shakespeare drew his portrait of ambition leading to a violent and tragic end.

by John A. Duncan of Sketraw, KCN, FSA Scot.

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Sources:

The book, 'The Queen Mother'

The book, 'Scotlands Story', by Tom Steel

The book, 'Scotland, A Concise History', by Fitzroy Maclean

(plus many more ~ see Ancestors/Descendants)

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WEBPAGES:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duncan_I_of_Scotland

http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/SCOTLAND.htm#_Toc253996186

http://www.englishmonarchs.co.uk/dunkeld.htm

-------------------- Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duncan_I_of_Scotland -------------------- Duncan was the ancestor of the entire Irving Clan. Sometime before 1034, Duncan was named Prince of Cumberland by his Grandfather, Malcolm II, King of Scotland. Prince Duncan took several of the old Clans to the south border to defend Scotland from England, and Prince Duncan's uncle brought his clan, the Erivine's, with him. They built the Towers of Bonshaw along the banks of the Kirtle and many manor houses in what became the ancient home of the Irving Clan.

Malcolm II had no male heir when he was assassinated in 1034. The throne was occupied by the grandson of Malcolm and son of Erinus, Duncan Erivine I. During his reign, Duncan was defeated in his campaign against the Norsemen and led the remnants of his army home in 1040. While returning, he was attacked and killed by his first cousin, MacBeth the Usurper; who assumed the throne and ruled for 17 years. It is around Duncan's murder that Shakespeare's play MacBeth is based. Erinus was killed by MacBeth's forces in 1045 while seeking revenge for the murder of his son.

-------------------- Acceded to title (King)Nov 1034

Duncan I King of Scotland Fanciful artists impression commisioned many hundred years after his death.

Notes 1 - Duncan was a haemophiliac who bled to death after fighting with MacBeth. In 1034 Malcolm's grandson Duncan I succeeded him, but in 1040 he was killed by Macbeth, who contrary to Shakespearian legend ruled well and wisely tor seventeen years, extending Scotland's connections with England and the Continent, until defeated and killed by Duncan's son, Malcolm III, known as Malcolm Canmore.

2 - Duncan's reign was short and unsuccessful. He was killed, probably in battle at Pitgaveny near Elgin, by a rival claimant and cousin MacBeth.

3 - On Malcolm's death in 1034, Duncan became king, the second to rule all Scotland. He was a weaker man than his grandfather, Malcolm II, with less understanding of the vulnerability of his position. The northern Scots, ever on the watch to snatch the throne, took advantage of this weakness. Macbeth, chief of this powerful race, harboured a claim to the throne through his mother. He fought tenaciously, and finally managed to kill Duncan in 1040 becoming King of Scotland in his place. [ An Illustrated History of Scotland by Elisabeth Fraser pub. 1997 ] [5]

Sources [S265] Colquoun_Cunningham.ged, Jamie Vans

[S260] Burke's Landed Gentry of Great Britain 2001, Peter Beauclerk Dewar,, (2001.)

[S370] Kings & Queens, Neil Grant, (pub 2003 by HarperCollinsPublishers Hammersmith London W6 8JB), p10 (Reliability: 3)

[S280] Stirnet Genealogy, Peter Barns-Graham, Temp06 (Reliability: 3)

[S370] Kings & Queens, Neil Grant, (pub 2003 by HarperCollinsPublishers Hammersmith London W6 8JB), 2 - p10 (Reliability: 3 --------------------

Notes 1 - Duncan was a haemophiliac who bled to death after fighting with MacBeth. In 1034 Malcolm's grandson Duncan I succeeded him, but in 1040 he was killed by Macbeth, who contrary to Shakespearian legend ruled well and wisely tor seventeen years, extending Scotland's connections with England and the Continent, until defeated and killed by Duncan's son, Malcolm III, known as Malcolm Canmore.

2 - Duncan's reign was short and unsuccessful. He was killed, probably in battle at Pitgaveny near Elgin, by a rival claimant and cousin MacBeth.

3 - On Malcolm's death in 1034, Duncan became king, the second to rule all Scotland. He was a weaker man than his grandfather, Malcolm II, with less understanding of the vulnerability of his position. The northern Scots, ever on the watch to snatch the throne, took advantage of this weakness. Macbeth, chief of this powerful race, harboured a claim to the throne through his mother. He fought tenaciously, and finally managed to kill Duncan in 1040 becoming King of Scotland in his place. [ An Illustrated History of Scotland by Elisabeth Fraser pub. 1997 ] [5]

Sources [S265] Colquoun_Cunningham.ged, Jamie Vans

[S260] Burke's Landed Gentry of Great Britain 2001, Peter Beauclerk Dewar,, (2001.)

[S370] Kings & Queens, Neil Grant, (pub 2003 by HarperCollinsPublishers Hammersmith London W6 8JB), p10 (Reliability: 3)

[S280] Stirnet Genealogy, Peter Barns-Graham, Temp06 (Reliability: 3)

-------------------- Historical basis of "King Duncan" in Shakespeare's Macbeth -------------------- Main article: Scotland in the High Middle Ages

Malcolm's father Duncan I (Donnchad mac Crínáin) became king in late 1034, on the death of Malcolm II (Máel Coluim mac Cináeda), Duncan's maternal grandfather and Malcolm's Great-grandfather. According to John of Fordun, whose account is the original source of part at least of William Shakespeare's Macbeth, Malcolm's mother was a niece of Siward, Earl of Northumbria,[8][9] but an earlier king-list gives her the Gaelic name Suthen.[10] Other sources claim that either a daughter or niece would have been too young to fit the timeline, thus the likely relative would have been Siward's own sister Sybil, which may have translated into Gaelic as Suthen.

Duncan's reign was not successful and he was killed by Macbeth (Mac Bethad mac Findlaích) on 15 August 1040. Although Shakespeare's Macbeth presents Malcolm as a grown man and his father as an old one, it appears that Duncan was still young in 1040,[11] and Malcolm and his brother Donalbane (Domnall Bán) were children.[12] Malcolm's family did attempt to overthrow Macbeth in 1045, but Malcolm's grandfather Crínán of Dunkeld was killed in the attempt.[13]

Soon after the death of Duncan his two young sons were sent away for greater safety — exactly where is the subject of debate. According to one version, Malcolm (then aged about 9) was sent to England,[14] and his younger brother Donalbane was sent to the Isles.[15][16] Based on Fordun's account, it was assumed that Malcolm passed most of Macbeth's seventeen-year reign in the Kingdom of England at the court of Edward the Confessor.[17][18]

According to an alternative version, Malcolm's mother took both sons into exile at the court of Thorfinn Sigurdsson, Earl of Orkney, an enemy of Macbeth's family, and perhaps Duncan's kinsman by marriage.[19]

An English invasion in 1054, with Siward, Earl of Northumbria, in command, had as its goal the installation of one "Máel Coluim, son of the King of the Cumbrians". This Máel Coluim has traditionally been identified with the later Malcolm III.[20] This interpretation derives from the Chronicle attributed to the 14th-century chronicler of Scotland, John of Fordun, as well as from earlier sources such as William of Malmesbury.[21] The latter reported that Macbeth was killed in the battle by Siward, but it is known that Macbeth outlived Siward by two years.[22] A. A. M. Duncan argued in 2002 that, using the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle entry as their source, later writers innocently misidentified "Máel Coluim" with the later Scottish king of the same name.[23] Duncan's argument has been supported by several subsequent historians specialising in the era, such as Richard Oram, Dauvit Broun and Alex Woolf.[24] It has also been suggested that Máel Coluim may have been a son of Owen the Bald, British king of Strathclyde[25] perhaps by a daughter of Máel Coluim II, King of Scotland.[26]

In 1057 various chroniclers report the death of Macbeth at Malcolm's hand, on 15 August 1057 at Lumphanan in Aberdeenshire.[27][28] Macbeth was succeeded by his stepson Lulach, who was crowned at Scone, probably on 8 September 1057. Lulach was killed by Malcolm, "by treachery",[29] near Huntly on 23 April 1058. After this, Malcolm became king, perhaps being inaugurated on 25 April 1058, although only John of Fordun reports this.[

-------------------- Donnchad mac Crinain anglicized as Duncan I, and nicknamed An t-Ilgarach, "the Diseased" or "the Sick"; was king of Scotland (Alba) from 1034 to 1040. He is the historical basis of the "King Duncan" in Shakespeare's play Macbeth.

He was son of Crínán, hereditary lay abbot of Dunkeld, and Bethóc, daughter of king Máel Coluim mac Cináeda (Malcolm II).

Unlike the "King Duncan" of Shakespeare's Macbeth, the historical Duncan appears to have been a young man. He followed his grandfather Malcolm as king after the latter's death on 25 November 1034, without apparent opposition. He may have been Malcolm's acknowledged successor or tánaise as the succession appears to have been uneventful. Earlier histories, following John of Fordun, supposed that Duncan had been king of Strathclyde in his grandfather's lifetime, between 1018 and 1034, ruling the former Kingdom of Strathclyde as an appanage. Modern historians discount this idea.

An earlier source, a variant of the Chronicle of the Kings of Alba (CK-I), gives Duncan's wife the Gaelic name Suthen. Whatever his wife's name may have been, Duncan had at least two sons. The eldest, Malcolm III (Máel Coluim mac Donnchada) was king from 1058 to 1093, the second Donald III (Domnall Bán, or "Donalbane") was king afterwards. Máel Muire, Earl of Atholl is a possible third son of Duncan, although this is uncertain.

The early period of Duncan's reign was apparently uneventful, perhaps a consequence of his youth. Macbeth (Mac Bethad mac Findláich) is recorded as having been his dux, today rendered as "duke" and meaning nothing more than the rank between prince and marquess, but then still having the Roman meaning of "war leader". In context — "dukes of Francia" had half a century before replaced the Carolingian kings of the Franks and in England the over-mighty Godwin of Wessex was called a dux — this suggests that Macbeth may have been the power behind the throne.

In 1039, Duncan led a large Scots army south to besiege Durham, but the expedition ended in disaster. Duncan survived, but the following year he led an army north into Moray, Macbeth's domain, apparently on a punitive expedition against Moray. There he was killed in action, at Bothnagowan, now Pitgaveny, near Elgin, by the men of Moray led by Macbeth, probably on 14 August 1040. He is thought to have been buried at Elgin before later relocated to the Isle of Iona. -------------------- Donnchad mac Crinain anglicized as Duncan I, and nicknamed An t-Ilgarach, "the Diseased" or "the Sick"; was king of Scotland (Alba) from 1034 to 1040. He is the historical basis of the "King Duncan" in Shakespeare's play Macbeth.

He was son of Crínán, hereditary lay abbot of Dunkeld, and Bethóc, daughter of king Máel Coluim mac Cináeda (Malcolm II).

Unlike the "King Duncan" of Shakespeare's Macbeth, the historical Duncan appears to have been a young man. He followed his grandfather Malcolm as king after the latter's death on 25 November 1034, without apparent opposition. He may have been Malcolm's acknowledged successor or tánaise as the succession appears to have been uneventful. Earlier histories, following John of Fordun, supposed that Duncan had been king of Strathclyde in his grandfather's lifetime, between 1018 and 1034, ruling the former Kingdom of Strathclyde as an appanage. Modern historians discount this idea.

An earlier source, a variant of the Chronicle of the Kings of Alba (CK-I), gives Duncan's wife the Gaelic name Suthen. Whatever his wife's name may have been, Duncan had at least two sons. The eldest, Malcolm III (Máel Coluim mac Donnchada) was king from 1058 to 1093, the second Donald III (Domnall Bán, or "Donalbane") was king afterwards. Máel Muire, Earl of Atholl is a possible third son of Duncan, although this is uncertain.

The early period of Duncan's reign was apparently uneventful, perhaps a consequence of his youth. Macbeth (Mac Bethad mac Findláich) is recorded as having been his dux, today rendered as "duke" and meaning nothing more than the rank between prince and marquess, but then still having the Roman meaning of "war leader". In context — "dukes of Francia" had half a century before replaced the Carolingian kings of the Franks and in England the over-mighty Godwin of Wessex was called a dux — this suggests that Macbeth may have been the power behind the throne.

In 1039, Duncan led a large Scots army south to besiege Durham, but the expedition ended in disaster. Duncan survived, but the following year he led an army north into Moray, Macbeth's domain, apparently on a punitive expedition against Moray. There he was killed in action, at Bothnagowan, now Pitgaveny, near Elgin, by the men of Moray led by Macbeth, probably on 14 August 1040. He is thought to have been buried at Elgin before later relocated to the Isle of Iona.

Updated from MyHeritage Family Trees by SmartCopy: Dec 12 2014, 14:02:16 UTC
-------------------- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duncan_I_of_Scotland

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Duncan (Duncan I) "Donnchad mac Crínáin, King of Strathclyde, King of the Scots" of Scotland formerly Dunkeld

Born 1007 in Scotlandmap

Son of Crínán (Dunkeld) of Scotland and Bethóc (MacAlpin) of Scotland

Brother of Gospatric Northumberland, Maldred (Dunkeld) of Scotland, Wulfflaed Atholl, MacCrinan (Dunkeld) of Scotland and Uknown Dunkeld

Husband of Suthen Bjornsdatter, Siwardsdatter (Unknown) of Scotland — married about 1030 [location unknown]

Father of Unknown (Scotland) of Scotland, Malcolm III (Dunkeld) Ceannmore, Donald (Dunkeld) of Scotland, Maelmuire (Dunkeld) Atholl, Beatrix Scotland and Ferchar OG Scotland

Died August 13, 1040 in Elgin, Scotlandmap
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Killed in battle by Macbeth, maybe near Biman Woods near Dunkelld
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Reference: wikipedia
* "Duncan I" redirects here. For the later Scottish nobleman, see Donnchad I,

BIOGRAPHY: From KINGS & QUEENS OF SCOTLAND By Alan Bold ..by adding Strathclydeto his grandfather's kingdom, first monarch of a united Scotland.Duncan's marriage to a sister of the Danish earl Siward of Northumbriaproduced two sons, Malcolm Canmore
and Donald Ban, whose hereditary right to the throne was threatenedwhen Macbeth claimed the kingdom on the grounds of tanistry. Thematter was settled in 1040 near Elgin when Macbeth defeated and killedhis cousin Duncan I in battle. Other
notes:Duncan I (1001?-40), king of Scotland (1034-40), grandson ofKing Malcolm II Mackenneth (circa 953-1034), whom he succeeded. Beforehis accession to the Scottish throne he was ruler of the kingdom ofStrathclyde. Macbeth, who ruled the
neighboring kingdom of Moray and served Duncan as a general, killedhim and became king of Scotland. Shakespeare's tragedy Macbeth isbased on the struggle between the two kings. Merged General Note:Duncan I (1001?-40), king of Scotland
(1034-40), grandson of King Malcolm II Mackenneth (circa 953-1034),whom he succeeded. Before his accession to the Scottish throne he wasruler of the kingdom of Strathclyde. Macbeth, who ruled theneighboring kingdom of Moray and served Duncan
as a general, killed him and became king of Scotland. Shakespeare'stragedy Macbeth is based on the struggle between the two kings.

BIOGRAPHY: --Other Fields

BIOGRAPHY: Ref Number: +murdered by Macbeth.GEDCOM provided by Carolyn ProffittWinch Grandson to Malcolm II. Under Malcolm's rule,in 1018, in the battle of
Carham, the Northumbrians were decisively defeated. With this eventand as a
result of the inheritance of the crown of Strathclyde by Malcolm'sgrandson
Duncan, the Scottish domains, thereafter known as Scotland, embracedthe
territory north of Solway Firth and the Tweed River. Duncan's reign, aperiod
of disastrous wars and internal strife, was ended in 1040 with his
assassination by Macbeth, his successor and cousin. SeeMacbeth.murdered by Macbeth.From KINGS & QUEENS OF SCOTLAND By AlanBold ..by adding Strathclyde to his grandfather's kingdom, firstmonarch of a united Scotland. Duncan's marriage to a sister of theDanish earl Siward of Northumbria produced two sons, Malcolm Canmore
and Donald Ban, whose hereditary right to the throne was threatenedwhen Macbeth claimed the kingdom on the grounds of tanistry. Thematter was settled in 1040 near Elgin when Macbeth defeated and killedhis cousin Duncan I in battle. Other
notes:Duncan I (1001?-40), king of Scotland (1034-40), grandson ofKing Malcolm II Mackenneth (circa 953-1034), whom he succeeded. Beforehis accession to the Scottish throne he was ruler of the kingdom ofStrathclyde. Macbeth, who ruled the
neighboring kingdom of Moray and served Duncan as a general, killedhim and became king of Scotland. Shakespeare's tragedy Macbeth isbased on the struggle between the two kings. Merged General Note:Duncan I (1001?-40), king of Scotland
(1034-40), grandson of King Malcolm II Mackenneth (circa 953-1034),whom he succeeded. Before his accession to the Scottish throne he wasruler of the kingdom of Strathclyde. Macbeth, who ruled the neighboring kingdom of Moray and served Duncan as a general, killed him and became king of Scotland. Shakespeare'stragedy Macbeth is based on the struggle between the two kings.

Mördad av Macbeth (enligt Shakespeare), i verkligheten stupade han i ett slag mot Macbeth. Enligt vissa källor var MacBeth en god konung

Reigned from 1034 to 1040. During that period the North and West of Scotland were conquered by the Northmen, uder Thrfinn, Jarl of the Orkneys. His cousin MacBeth, Mormaer of Moray, joining his fortune to the invader, put Duncan to death and ascended the throne. {Burke�s Peerage} [GADD.GED]

King of Scots, 1034-1040. [ROWLEYHR.GED]

_P_CCINFO 84-11
Original individual @P2308148167@ (@MS_NHFETTERLYFAMIL0@) merged with @P2308148175@ (@MS_NHFETTERLYFAMIL0@)

Killed by Macbeth who was his commander and a chieftain of the Moray
district. Macbeth then ruled for 17 years before being killed inbattle by Duncans' son Maloclm III.

Killed by Macbeth

Duncan I "the Gracious" van Schotland, geb. ca. 1001, ovl. 14.08.1040 (gesneuveld), ref. nr. 23.06.2003 ES II-89.10 Koning van Strathclyde 1018/34, koning der Schotten 1034. Hij trouwde met NN.

!SOURCES:
1. Burke's Perage 99th Ed (GS #942 D22bup prefix pp. 285-86)
2. Dict. of Nat'l Biog. (GS #920.042 D561n vol 16 pp. 157-58)
3. A Vindication of Macbeth (GS #929.2706 M288c pp. 7, 14)
4. Encyclopedia Britannica 1964 Ed (GS #032 En19b vol 7 p. 757)
5. Scots Peerage (GS #941 D22p vol 1 pp. 1, 2)
6. Also searched without positive results: The Complete Peerage, Royal Dau of Engl, and Queens of Scotland and English Princes.

killed by Macbeth

DEATH: Slain by MacBeth

Murdered by Macbeth, his cousin. Story was the model for Shakespeare's Macbeth.

_P_CCINFO 84-11

!SOURCES:
1. Burke's Perage 99th Ed (GS #942 D22bup prefix pp. 285-86)
2. Dict. of Nat'l Biog. (GS #920.042 D561n vol 16 pp. 157-58)
3. A Vindication of Macbeth (GS #929.2706 M288c pp. 7, 14)
4. Encyclopedia Britannica 1964 Ed (GS #032 En19b vol 7 p. 757)
5. Scots Peerage (GS #941 D22p vol 1 pp. 1, 2)
6. Also searched without positive results: The Complete Peerage, Royal Dau of Engl, and Queens of Scotland and English Princes.

image
http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=image&guid=a4aa60bd-f291-457b-a7e1-dedaf07989d4&tid=10524335&pid=-607131328

Duncan I King of Scotland
http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=document&guid=5b1cfbcf-f9fc-4476-94e7-bf2396b01cbd&tid=9692367&pid=-523460282

Le roi Duncan tué par Macbeth.

Malcolm violated the established system of succession whereby thekingship alternated between two branches of the royal family. UponMalcolm's death, Duncan succeeded peacefully, but he soon faced therivalry of Macbeth, Mormaor (subking) of Moray, who probably had a betterclaim to the throne. Duncan besieged Durham unsuccessfully in 1039 and inthe following year was murdered by Macbeth near Elgin, Moray. Duncan'selder son later killed Macbeth and ruled as King Malcolm III Canmore.

Elämänkerrallisia tietojaDuncan I Malcolm III, b. c.1031, d. Nov. 13, 1093, founded the house of Canmore, which ruled Scotland for more than 200 years, and consolidated the power of the Scottish monarchy. He was the son of Duncan I, who in 1040 was killed by MACBETH. Malcolm lived in exile until 1057, when he defeated and killed Macbeth near Lumphanan in Aberdeenshire. He succeeded to the throne in 1058 after the death of Lulach, Macbeth's stepson.

foi rei em 1034 como sucessor do avô materno Malcolm II (954-1018), o que teria enfurecido Macbeth (c.1005 - 1057), igualmente neto de Malcolm, com esperanças de suceder ao avô.

"DUNKELD"; KING OF SCOTS 1034-1040; CONSIDERED FIRST "GENERAL" RULER; IN HIS
REIGN THE NORTH AND WEST OF SCOTLAND WERE CONQUERED BY NORTHMEN UNDER THORFINN;
MACBETH, MORMAER OF MORAY (JOINING FORCES WITH THORFINN) SEIZED THE KINGDOM IN
1040 AND KILLED DUNCAN

Ancestral File Number: 8XJK-C3
REFN: 1313
[Alexander to Godfrey.FTW]
Du ncan, the grandson of Malcom was the famous Duncan of which Shakespeare
wrote . Duncan's position as King of Scotland was challenged by Macbeth (
also made famous by Shakespeare). Macbeth finally defeated and killed
Ducan in battle to become King of Scotland.[alexander8.FTW]
Duncan, the grandson of Malcom was the famous Duncan of which Shakespeare
wrote. Duncan's position as King of Scotland was challenged by Macbeth (
also made famous by Shakespeare). Macbeth finally defeated and killed
Ducan in battle to become King of Scotland.[7394 90.FTW]
Duncan, the grandson of Malcom was the famous Duncan of which Shakespe are
wrote. Duncan's position as King of Scotland was challenged by Macbeth (
also made famous by Shakespeare). Macbeth finally defeated and killed
Ducan in battle to become King of Scotland.[FAVthomas.FTW]

King of the Scots from 1034 to 1040.
Duncan was the grandson of King Malcolm II (ruled 1005/34), whoirregularly made him ruler of Strathclyde when that region was absorbedinto the Scottish kingdom (probably shortly before 1034).
Malcolm violated the established system of succession whereby thekingship alternated between two branches of the royal family. UponMalcolm's death, Duncan succeeded peacefully, but he soon faced therivalry of Macbeth, Mormaor (subking) of Moray, who probably had a betterclaim to the throne. Duncan besieged Durham unsuccessfully in 1039 and inthe following year was murdered by Macbeth. Duncan's elder son laterkilled Macbeth and ruled as King Malcolm III Canmore (1058/93).

To cite this page: "Duncan I" Encyclopædia Britannica
<http://www.britannica.com/eb/article?eu=31982&tocid=0&query=duncan%20i>

Murdered by MacBeth

[large-G675.FTW]

Macbeth siezed the throne of Scotland in 1040 after defeating and killingDuncan I near elgin. He based his claim to the crown on his wife's royaldescent (Duncan's former wife Sybal). Malcolm III, son of Duncan I, andEarl Siward of Northumberland defeated Macbeth at Dunsinane in 1054, butthey did not dethrone him. Three years later, Malcolm III killed Macbethat Lumphanan. Macbeth's stepson Lulach reigned for a few months, and thenMalcolm III succeeded him as king.

William Shakespeare based his play, Macbeth, one of his greatesttragedies, upon a distorted version of these events which he found inRaphael Holinshed's 'Chronicle of Scottish History.' The only kernel ofhistorical truth in the play is Duncan's death at the hand of Macbeth.From this fact, Shakespeare drew his portrait of ambition leading to aviolent and tragic end.

Source: 'The World Book Encyclopedia', 1968, p M4. 'Ancestrial Roots ofSixty Colonists Who Came to New England between 1623 and 1650', 1969,Frederick Lewis Weis, p 111.

Acceded 1034-1040.

Duncan I (1001?-40), king of Scotland (1034-40), grandson of King Malcolm
II Mackenneth (circa 953-1034), whom he succeeded. Before his accession to
the Scottish throne he was ruler of the kingdom of Strathclyde. Macbeth,
who ruled the neighboring kingdom of Moray and served Duncan as a general,
killed him and became king of Scotland. Shakespeare's tragedy Macbeth is
based on the struggle between the two kings.

killed By Macbeth

29th great grandfather

!SOURCES:
1. Burke's Perage 99th Ed (GS #942 D22bup prefix pp. 285-86)
2. Dict. of Nat'l Biog. (GS #920.042 D561n vol 16 pp. 157-58)
3. A Vindication of Macbeth (GS #929.2706 M288c pp. 7, 14)
4. Encyclopedia Britannica 1964 Ed (GS #032 En19b vol 7 p. 757)
5. Scots Peerage (GS #941 D22p vol 1 pp. 1, 2)
6. Also searched without positive results: The Complete Peerage, Royal Dau of Engl, and Queens of Scotland and English Princes.

Killed by Macbeth

!SOURCES:
1. Burke's Perage 99th Ed (GS #942 D22bup prefix pp. 285-86)
2. Dict. of Nat'l Biog. (GS #920.042 D561n vol 16 pp. 157-58)
3. A Vindication of Macbeth (GS #929.2706 M288c pp. 7, 14)
4. Encyclopedia Britannica 1964 Ed (GS #032 En19b vol 7 p. 757)
5. Scots Peerage (GS #941 D22p vol 1 pp. 1, 2)
6. Also searched without positive results: The Complete Peerage, Royal Dau of Engl, and Queens of Scotland and English Princes.

Duncan I av Skottland (gælisk Donnchad mac Crínáin) 15. august 1001 - 15. august 1040, var skottenes konge, sønn av Crínán av Dunkeld, lekmannsabbed av klosteret i Dukeld og prinsesse Bethoc av Skottland. Han ble konge i Skottland ved å etterfølge sin farfar Malcolm II av Skottland i 1034 etter tidligere å ha styrt som rex Cumbrorum (småkonge) over kongedømmet Strathclyde. Hans tronebesittelse sies å ha vært det første eksempel i Skottland hvor tronen ble arvet i direkte linje, i motsetning til det gamle gæliske system, tanisteri, hvor kongen valgte sine etterfølger uten hensyn til familiebånd.

Duncan var også kjent som Duncan den nådige, men det er tittel som ikke var dekkende i alle sammenhenger. Hans følelseskalde holdning for politiske spørsmål gjorde ham upopulær blant folk og hos adelen. Duncan var ingen sterkt hersker, og han er hovedsakelig kjent i dag via sin forbindelse med kong Macbeth som ble gjort udødelig av William Shakespeare, skjønt for de gale årsaker. Striden mellom disse angikk nok hvem som skulle kunne kreve den skotske tronen. Detaljene er derimot svært uklare, og det eneste fakta som kan bli slått fast med sikkerhet er at Duncan ble drept i et slag av Macbeth. Det skjedde i nærheten av Elgin, Moray den 15. august 1040.

Året før, i 1039, marsjerte Duncan sørover med hæren for beleire Durham i Northumbria, men ble beseiret med store tap. Han forsøkte også ta kontroll over Moray, men ble beseiret to ganger av Torfinn den mektige, sønn av jarlen av Orknøyene, før han ble drept i et slag mot Macbeth og senere begravet på Iona.

Detaljer om hans øvrige liv blir stadig diskutert blant historikerne. Den skotske kongeliste, Scottish Regnal List I, kaller hans kone for Suthen, mens John av Fordun nevner henne som en slektning av den danske ?Sigurd Bjørnsson? eller ?Sigurd Danske?, forvansket til Siward av Northumbria, jarl av Northumbria, og i Storbritannias offisielle kongeliste slår fast at hun var Siwards kusine.

To av Ducans sønner, Malcolm III Canmore og Donald Bane ble begge konge av Skottland. En annen sønn, Máel Muire, ble far til Matad, mormaer av Atholl, og dennes sønn, Harald Maddadsson, halvt norsk på morsiden, styrte senere Orknøyene som norrøn jarl.

Referanser
Ulster-annalene
Anderson, Alan. Early Sources of Scottish History, 2 vols.
Anderson, Marjorie. Kings and Kingship in Early Scotland.
Encyclopædia Britannica, Eleventh Edition

Mördad av Macbeth (enligt Shakespeare), i verkligheten stupade han i ett slag mot Macbeth. Enligt vissa källor var MacBeth en god konung

saltire
http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=image&guid=1071ea8c-ad5b-42af-a9ab-db83e0dea1fa&tid=10524335&pid=-607131328

Duncan I Scotland
http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=image&guid=27c6afea-0613-4d58-8247-35a4a4fb096e&tid=10524335&pid=-607131328

Duncan I
http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=document&guid=e3a62548-9ceb-41a9-919d-b495f8e017ae&tid=10524335&pid=-607131328

He was also King of Strathclyde. He ruled from 1034 to 1040. He succeeded his grandfather, Maél Coluim mac Cinaéda (Malcolm II) in 1034. Shakespeare turned him into good King Duncan, the kind and gentle white-haired ruler whose wisdom had brought Scotland peace and stability, but this image was created to make his murder by his supposedly loyal general, Macbethad, whom he loved as a son, seem all the more heinous. Indeed there is nothing in the Shakespearean image that comes close to reality. Donnchad was possibly still in his 20s when became king. He was aggressive, and met with humiliating defeat at Durham in 1039. Opposition to him may have erupted immediately after the defeat, and in 1040, in a bid to end the threat from Dub's descendants once and for all, he led an army into Moray against Macbethad. At Pitgaveny near Elgin, Macbethad met him in battle, defeated and killed him. With Donnchad's sons mere children, there was nothing to prevent Macbethad from taking the throne.

BIOGRAPHY
Duncan I (Donnchad mac Crináin) was the son of Crinán, hereditary lay abbot of Dunkeld, and Bethóc, daughter of King Malcolm II of Scotland.

Unlike the 'King Duncan' of Shakespeare's Macbeth, the historical Duncan appears to have been a young man. He followed his grandfather Malcolm as king after the latter's death on 25 November 1034, without apparent opposition. He may have been Malcolm's acknowledged successor as the succession appears to have been uneventful. Earlier histories, following John of Fordun, supposed that Duncan had been king of Strathclyde in his grandfather's lifetime, ruling the former kingdom of Strathclyde as an appanage. Modern historians discount this idea.

Duncan married Sibylla Bearsson, daughter of Bjorn Bearsson, and they had at least two sons. The eldest, Malcolm III (Máel Coluim mac Donnchada) was king from 1097 to 1093 the second Donald III (Domnall Bán, or 'Donalbane') was king afterwards. Melmare (Máel Muire), earl of Atholl, is a probable third son of Duncan and Sibylla, although this is less certain.

The early period of Duncan's reign was apparently uneventful, perhaps a consequence of his youth. Macbeth (Mac Bethad mac Findláich) is recorded as his dux, literally duke, but in the context that 'dukes of Francia' had half a century before replaced the Carolingian kings of the Franks, and in England the powerful Godwin of Wessex was called a dux this suggests that Macbeth was the power behind the throne.

In 1039 Duncan led a large Scots army south to besiege Durham, but the expedition ended in disaster. Duncan survived, but the following year he led an army north into Moray, traditionally seen as Macbeth's domain. There he was killed, at Pitgaven near Elgin, by his own men led by Macbeth, probably on 14 August 1040.

Duncan I of Scotland
http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=image&guid=77abe3d6-793a-4648-a8a7-3c0b6e30f242&tid=7179083&pid=-603556352

Duncan Clan Badge
http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=image&guid=4525ae30-d35c-4387-8b37-65bd048af345&tid=7179083&pid=-603556352

Duncan I of Scots (Sybil F)
http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=image&guid=77c2ee0a-24d9-43b1-8bd5-a40b42c00d7e&tid=9784512&pid=-639086736

Ddonnchad mac Crinian
http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=document&guid=600da951-6d52-427a-b80c-48a01693e8b2&tid=9692367&pid=-523460282

Donnchad mac Crínáin (Modern Gaelic: Donnchadh mac Crìonain)[2] anglicised as Duncan I, and nicknamed An t-Ilgarach, "the Diseased" or "the Sick"[3] (died 14 August 1040)[1] was king of Scotland (Alba). He was son of Crínán, hereditary lay abbot of Dunkeld, and Bethóc, daughter of king Malcolm II of Scotland (Máel Coluim mac Cináeda).

Unlike the "King Duncan" of Shakespeare's Macbeth, the historical Duncan appears to have been a young man. He followed his grandfather Malcolm as king after the latter's death on 25 November 1034, without apparent opposition. He may have been Malcolm's acknowledged successor or tánaise as the succession appears to have been uneventful.[4] Earlier histories, following John of Fordun, supposed that Duncan had been king of Strathclyde in his grandfather's lifetime, ruling the former Kingdom of Strathclyde as an appanage. Modern historians discount this idea.[5]

Another claim by Fordun, that Duncan married the sister, daughter or cousin of Sigurd the Dane, Earl of Northumbria, appears to be equally unreliable. An earlier source, a variant of the Chronicle of the Kings of Alba (CK-I), gives Duncan's wife the Gaelic name Suthen.[6] Whatever his wife's name may have been, Duncan had at least two sons. The eldest, Malcolm III (Máel Coluim mac Donnchada) was king from 1057 to 1093, the second Donald III (Domnall Bán, or "Donalbane") was king afterwards. Máel Muire, Earl of Atholl is a possible third son of Duncan, although this is uncertain.[7]

The early period of Duncan's reign was apparently uneventful, perhaps a consequence of his youth. Macbeth (Mac Bethad mac Findláich) is recorded as his dux, literally duke, but in the context — "dukes of Francia" had half a century before replaced the Carolingian kings of the Franks and in England the over-mighty Godwin of Wessex was called a dux — this suggests that Macbeth was the power behind the throne.[8]

In 1039, Duncan led a large Scots army south to besiege Durham, but the expedition ended in disaster. Duncan survived, but the following year he led an army north into Moray, traditionally seen as Macbeth's domain. There he was killed, at Pitgaveny near Elgin, by his own men led by Macbeth, probably on 14 August 1040.[9]

Duncan I
http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=document&guid=23e246f6-20d2-489c-b2de-81d15a9fac70&tid=2258109&pid=-570480646

Donnchad mac Crínáin (Modern Gaelic: Donnchadh mac Crìonain)[2] anglicised as Duncan I, and nicknamed An t-Ilgarach, "the Diseased" or "the Sick"[3] (died 14 August 1040)[1] was king of Scotland (Alba). He was son of Crínán, hereditary lay abbot of Dunkeld, and Bethóc, daughter of king Malcolm II of Scotland (Máel Coluim mac Cináeda).
Unlike the "King Duncan" of Shakespeare's Macbeth, the historical Duncan appears to have been a young man. He followed his grandfather Malcolm as king after the latter's death on 25 November 1034, without apparent opposition. He may have been Malcolm's acknowledged successor or tánaise as the succession appears to have been uneventful.[4] Earlier histories, following John of Fordun, supposed that Duncan had been king of Strathclyde in his grandfather's lifetime, ruling the former Kingdom of Strathclyde as an appanage. Modern historians discount this idea.[5]
Another claim by Fordun, that Duncan married the sister, daughter or cousin of Sigurd the Dane, Earl of Northumbria, appears to be equally unreliable. An earlier source, a variant of the Chronicle of the Kings of Alba (CK-I), gives Duncan's wife the Gaelic name Suthen.[6] Whatever his wife's name may have been, Duncan had at least two sons. The eldest, Malcolm III (Máel Coluim mac Donnchada) was king from 1057 to 1093, the second Donald III (Domnall Bán, or "Donalbane") was king afterwards. Máel Muire, Earl of Atholl is a possible third son of Duncan, although this is uncertain.[7]
The early period of Duncan's reign was apparently uneventful, perhaps a consequence of his youth. Macbeth (Mac Bethad mac Findláich) is recorded as his dux, literally duke, but in the context — "dukes of Francia" had half a century before replaced the Carolingian kings of the Franks and in England the over-mighty Godwin of Wessex was called a dux — this suggests that Macbeth was the power behind the throne.[8]
In 1039, Duncan led a large Scots army south to besiege Durham, but the expedition ended in disaster. Duncan survived, but the following year he led an army north into Moray, traditionally seen as Macbeth's domain. There he was killed, at Pitgaveny near Elgin, by his own men led by Macbeth, probably on 14 August 1040.[9]

BIOGRAPHY: From KINGS & QUEENS OF SCOTLAND By Alan Bold ..by adding Strathclydeto his grandfather's kingdom, first monarch of a united Scotland.Duncan's marriage to a sister of the Danish earl Siward of Northumbriaproduced two sons, Malcolm Canmore
and Donald Ban, whose hereditary right to the throne was threatenedwhen Macbeth claimed the kingdom on the grounds of tanistry. Thematter was settled in 1040 near Elgin when Macbeth defeated and killedhis cousin Duncan I in battle. Other
notes:Duncan I (1001?-40), king of Scotland (1034-40), grandson ofKing Malcolm II Mackenneth (circa 953-1034), whom he succeeded. Beforehis accession to the Scottish throne he was ruler of the kingdom ofStrathclyde. Macbeth, who ruled the
neighboring kingdom of Moray and served Duncan as a general, killedhim and became king of Scotland. Shakespeare's tragedy Macbeth isbased on the struggle between the two kings. Merged General Note:Duncan I (1001?-40), king of Scotland
(1034-40), grandson of King Malcolm II Mackenneth (circa 953-1034),whom he succeeded. Before his accession to the Scottish throne he wasruler of the kingdom of Strathclyde. Macbeth, who ruled theneighboring kingdom of Moray and served Duncan
as a general, killed him and became king of Scotland. Shakespeare'stragedy Macbeth is based on the struggle between the two kings.

BIOGRAPHY: --Other Fields

BIOGRAPHY: Ref Number: +murdered by Macbeth.GEDCOM provided by Carolyn ProffittWinch Grandson to Malcolm II. Under Malcolm's rule,in 1018, in the battle of
Carham, the Northumbrians were decisively defeated. With this eventand as a
result of the inheritance of the crown of Strathclyde by Malcolm'sgrandson
Duncan, the Scottish domains, thereafter known as Scotland, embracedthe
territory north of Solway Firth and the Tweed River. Duncan's reign, aperiod
of disastrous wars and internal strife, was ended in 1040 with his
assassination by Macbeth, his successor and cousin. SeeMacbeth.murdered by Macbeth.From KINGS & QUEENS OF SCOTLAND By AlanBold ..by adding Strathclyde to his grandfather's kingdom, firstmonarch of a united Scotland. Duncan's marriage to a sister of theDanish earl Siward of Northumbria produced two sons, Malcolm Canmore
and Donald Ban, whose hereditary right to the throne was threatenedwhen Macbeth claimed the kingdom on the grounds of tanistry. Thematter was settled in 1040 near Elgin when Macbeth defeated and killedhis cousin Duncan I in battle. Other
notes:Duncan I (1001?-40), king of Scotland (1034-40), grandson ofKing Malcolm II Mackenneth (circa 953-1034), whom he succeeded. Beforehis accession to the Scottish throne he was ruler of the kingdom ofStrathclyde. Macbeth, who ruled the
neighboring kingdom of Moray and served Duncan as a general, killedhim and became king of Scotland. Shakespeare's tragedy Macbeth isbased on the struggle between the two kings. Merged General Note:Duncan I (1001?-40), king of Scotland
(1034-40), grandson of King Malcolm II Mackenneth (circa 953-1034),whom he succeeded. Before his accession to the Scottish throne he wasruler of the kingdom of Strathclyde. Macbeth, who ruled the neighboring kingdom of Moray and served Duncan as a general, killed him and became king of Scotland. Shakespeare'stragedy Macbeth is based on the struggle between the two kings.

Duncan I of Scotland (killed by Macbeth)
http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=document&guid=3f009ec9-1474-46ee-95fb-483bc8caa94f&tid=10145763&pid=-468512058

king_duncan_i
http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=image&guid=5024d957-d802-4c51-9247-f5c28cb8bf63&tid=10145763&pid=-468512058

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Über den Familiennamen Mac Crínáin

Zeigen Sie die Informationen an, über die Genealogie Online verfügt über den Nachnamen Mac Crínáin.
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Die Familienstammbaum Den Hollander en Van Dueren den Hollander-Veröffentlichung wurde von Kees den Hollander erstellt.nimm Kontakt auf

Geben Sie beim Kopieren von Daten aus diesem Stammbaum bitte die Herkunft an:
Kees den Hollander, "Familienstammbaum Den Hollander en Van Dueren den Hollander", Datenbank, Genealogie Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/stamboom-den-hollander-en-van-dueren-den-hollander/I6000000005037689063.php : abgerufen 20. Juni 2024), "Donnchad "Donnc..." mac Crínáin Rí na h'Alba (1001-1040)".

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Familienstammbaum Den Hollander en Van Dueren den Hollander » Donnchad "Donnc..." mac Crínáin Rí na h'Alba (1001-1040)

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Über den Familiennamen Mac Crínáin