Familienstammbaum Bas » Andreas I "de Katholieke" van Hongarije (1015-< 1060)

Persönliche Daten Andreas I "de Katholieke" van Hongarije 

• Er wurde geboren im Jahr 1015.
• (Geschiedenis) .Quelle 1

  Andreas I (circa 1014-1060), bijg. de Katholieke, was koning van Hongarije van 1047 tot 1060 en behoorde tot het huis Árpád. Hij was een zoon van hertog Vazul van Hongarije en Katun van Bulgarije en alzo een achterneef van Géza. Hij volgde Peter Orseolo op als koning van Hongarije in 1047.
  
  Na de opstand door de rebel Sámuel Aba van Hongarije werden Andreas en zijn broers Levente van Hongarije en Béla I van Hongarije verbannen. Ze vluchtten eerst naar Bohemen en vervolgens naar Polen waar Béla een koninklijke prinses huwde. Andreas en Levente trokken verder naar Kiev en huwden dochters van groothertog Jaroslav I de Wijze.
  
  Nadat Sámuel verslagen was, keerden de broers in 1046 terug en werden voormannen van de heidense Vathaopstand, die erin slaagde Peter Orseolo te verdrijven. Andreas werd gekroond in 1047, maar zette de politiek van feodalisering en kerstening door. Hij bleef bondgenoot van Kiev. Urseolo was echter door een interventie van het Heilige Roomse Rijk op de troon gezet en had zijn land een leen gemaakt van keizer Hendrik III. Deze probeerde in 1051 en opnieuw in 1052 het land weer te onderwerpen. Andreas ging hierop in 1053 een bondgenootschap aan met Koenraad II van Beieren, de tegenstander van de keizer.
  
  In 1057 liet Andreas zijn vijfjarige zoon Salomon van Hongarije alvast tot koning kronen om de erfopvolging veilig te stellen. Andreas werd echter door zijn broer Béla I van Hongarije van de troon gestoten.
  
  Andreas huwde in 1038 met Anastasia van Kiev. Zijn zoon George (György) (?), was een buitenechtelijk kind bij een onbekende moeder.
  
  Andreas en zijn gezin liggen begraven in de abdij van Tihany, door hem gesticht op de oever van het Balatonmeer.

• (Levens event) .Quelle 2

  Andrew I the White (or the Catholic) (Hungarian: I. (Fehér/Katolikus) András/Endre) (c. 1013 – before 6 December 1060) was King of Hungary from 1046/1047 until his death. He descended from a younger branch of the Árpád dynasty. After spending fifteen years in exile, he ascended the throne during an extensive revolt of the pagan Hungarians. He strengthened the position of Christianity in his kingdom, while preserving the independence of the Kingdom of Hungary from the Holy Roman Empire. He tried to ensure the succession of his son which resulted in the open revolt of his brother who dethroned him by force.
  Contents
  Biography
  Early years
  
  Andrew was the second son of Duke Vazul, who was a cousin of Stephen I, the first King of Hungary. His mother was probably the concubine (a daughter of a member of the Hungarian gens Tátony) of his father.[1]
  
  On 2 September 1031, King Stephen's only surviving son, Emeric was killed by a boar while hunting. The king wanted to secure the position of Christianity in his semi-pagan kingdom and therefore he planned[citation needed] to name his sister's son, Peter Orseolo as his successor. However, Duke Vazul, who was suspected of following pagan-customs, took part in a conspiracy to murder the king. The assassination attempt failed and Duke Vazul had his eyes gouged out, molten lead poured in his ears, and his three sons exiled.
  Background
  
  In the 11th century, agnatic seniority was the norm of succession in Hungary. This made other males of the Árpád dynasty's cadet lines dangerous to the incumbent king. Andrew's branch of the dynasty had long been rivals to the elder branch, to which Stephen I of Hungary and his father belonged. For the previous half century, the familial rivalry had centered mostly on the conflict between Christianity and paganism, respectively represented by the elder and the younger branches. In 1038, the extinction of the male line of the elder branch opened new opportunities for the younger, surviving male branch.
  In exile
  
  After their father's tragic death, the three brothers were obliged to leave the country. Fleeing first to Bohemia, they continued to Poland where Béla married a member of the Piast dynasty. Andrew and Levente, possibly feeling overshadowed by their brother, continued on, settling in Kiev. There, Andrew married Anastasia of Kiev, a daughter of Grand Duke Yaroslav I the Wise.
  
  The Hungarian prelates, led by Bishop Gerard of Csanád, decided to call back Andrew and his brothers to Hungary and wrote them a letter. By the time when Andrew and Levente arrived to Hungary, an extensive revolt of the pagan Hungarians had broken out. The two brothers made an alliance with the pagan rebels in Abaújvár, who accepted their leadership. King Peter tried to escape to the Holy Roman Empire, but he was arrested and blinded by the followers of the two princes.
  Contest for the throne
  Tihany abbey, burial place of Andrew.
  
  The Hungarian chronicles related that following the downfall of King Peter, Andrew agreed with his elder brother, Levente, who was a committed pagan, that Andrew would rule over Hungary. Andrew, however, was crowned only in 1047, after his brother's death. Nevertheless, he continued the policies of Christianisation that had already been taking place. After his coronation, he confirmed King Stephen's decrees and invited foreign priests to Hungary, because the pagan rebels had murdered several members of the Christian clergy.
  
  Relations with the Holy Roman Empire remained tense, because King Peter had been not only a close ally of the Emperor Henry III, but he also had become a vassal of the Holy Roman Empire. Andrew refused to accept the suzerainty of the Emperor, ruled Hungary independently and prepared for the approaching war.[2] He invited his younger brother, Béla, who had become a successful military leader in Poland, to his court and entrusted him with the government of the third part of the Kingdom of Hungary.
  
  In 1051, the Emperor Henry III undertook a campaign against Hungary, but the imperial troops were defeated at the Vértes Hills, while the imperial fleet was induced to turn back by a forged letter. At the end of the year, Abbot Hugh of Cluny was mediating between the two rulers, but the emperor refused to accept the peace. Next year the emperor led a fleet against Pozsony (Bratislava), but his ships were sunk by Andrew's men. In this time, Pope Leo IX tried to mediate a peace, but the emperor did not accept Andrew's offer. When the imperial troops were withdrawn, Andrew formed an alliance, in 1053, with Conrad II, Duke of Bavaria, supporting the opposition against the emperor.
  
  In 1055, Andrew founded the Benedictine Abbey of Tihany on the shores of Lake Balaton and he also set up a monastery for Orthodox nuns there. The abbey's establishing charter is important for including the oldest known written words in Hungarian, although most of the document is in Latin.
  Succession crisis
  
  In 1057, Andrew I tried to ensure his succession, by having his five-year-old son, Solomon of Hungary crowned as king. But the coronation of his son provoked his brother, Duke Béla who had been assigned as Andrew's successor, and the displeased duke left the king's court and left for his domains. In September 1058, Andrew had a personal meeting with the new King of Germany, Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor in Marchfeld, and they came to a peaceful agreement, marked by the betrothal of the child Solomon to the Henry's sister, Judith of Swabia.
  
  After achieving peace with the Holy Roman Empire, Andrew tried to persuade Duke Béla to accept his son's succession, but the duke left for Poland to collect armies against his brother.
  
  When Andrew heard of his brother's open rebellion, he sent his family to Austria, and prepared for the struggle, although he had been so ill that he was not even able to walk. Shortly afterwards, Duke Béla returned to Hungary with Polish troops and won a decisive victory over the king. Following his defeat, Andrew fled towards Austria, but he fell down off his horse at the Theben Pass. Andrew was arrested by Duke Béla's men and taken to Zirc where he died.
  
  Andrew was buried in the Tihany Abbey.

• Er ist verstorben vor 6. Dezember 1060.
• Er wurde beerdigt in Abdij van Tihany, Balatonmeer, Hongarije.
• Ein Kind von Vazul van Hongarije und Kátun Anastasia van Bulgarije
• Diese Information wurde zuletzt aktualisiert am 5. April 2013.

Familie von Andreas I "de Katholieke" van Hongarije

(1) Er ist verheiratet mit Anastasia van Kiev.

Sie haben geheiratet im Jahr 1038, er war 23 Jahre alt.Quelle 3

Kind(er):

1. Adelaide van Hongarije  1040-1062 
2. Salomon van Hongarije  1052-1087 
3. David van Hongarije  1054-1094

Kind(er):

1. Georg van Hongarije  

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