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Frederick II, Grand Duke of Baden
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You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in German. (August 2012) Click [show] for important translation instructions.
Frederick II
A photograph of Frederick in his 58th year
Grand Duke Frederick II in 1915
Grand Duke of Baden
Reign28 September 1907 – 22 November 1918
PredecessorFrederick I
SuccessorMonarchy abolished
Born9 July 1857
Karlsruhe, Grand Duchy of Baden
Died9 August 1928 (aged 71)
Badenweiler, Weimar Republic
SpousePrincess Hilda of Nassau
(m. 1885)
Names
Friedrich Wilhelm Ludwig Leopold August
HouseZähringen
FatherFrederick I, Grand Duke of Baden
MotherPrincess Louise of Prussia
Frederick II (9 July 1857 – 9 August 1928; German: Großherzog von Baden Friedrich II.) was the last sovereign Grand Duke of Baden, reigning from 1907 until the abolition of the German monarchies in 1918. The Weimar-era state of Baden originated from the area of the Grand Duchy. In 1951–1952, it became part of the new state of Baden-Württemberg.
Life
Friedrich "Fritz" Wilhelm Ludwig Leopold August Prinz von Baden was born on 9 July 1857, in Karlsruhe in the state of Baden-Württemberg to Frederick I, Grand Duke of Baden and Princess Louise of Prussia.
As a student at the University of Heidelberg, Frederick was a member of the Suevia Corps, a student fraternal organization. Frederick became the head of the House of Zähringen on 28 September 1907, after the death of his father Frederick I, who was the sovereign Grand Duke of Baden reigning from 1856 to 1907. He abdicated on 22 November 1918, amidst the tumults of the German Revolution of 1918–1919 which resulted in the abolition of the Grand Duchy. After the death of his cousin Carola of Vasa, he became the representative of the descent of the Kings of Sweden of the House of Holstein-Gottorp. On 20 September 1885 in Schloss Hohenburg, he married Princess Hilda of Nassau, the only daughter of the exiled Duke Adolphe of Nassau who later succeeded as Grand Duke of Luxembourg. There was no surviving issue from the marriage.
He was à la suite the Royal Prussian Regiments Erstes Garde-Regiment zu Fuß (1st Guard Foot Regiment) and 1. Garde-Ulanen-Regiment and à la suite the Imperial 1st Seebataillon. He was also Regimentschef of the 4. Königlich Sächsisches Infanterie-Regiment Nr. 103, which was also known as Infanterie-Regiment „Großherzog Friedrich II. von Baden“ (4. Königlich Sächsisches) Nr. 103.
Promotions
Frederick II with Wilhelm II in 1908
1875 : Sekondeleutnant (= Leutnant)
1881 : Premierleutnant (= Oberleutnant)
1882 : Hauptmann
1884 : Major
1889 : Oberst
1891 : Generalmajor
1893 : Generalleutnant
1897 : General der Infanterie
1905 : Generaloberst with the rank of Generalfeldmarschall
Death
After his death in 1928, the headship of the house was transferred over to his first cousin who was the last Chancellor of Imperial Germany, Prince Maximilian of Baden.
Honours and awards
German orders and decorations[1]
Baden:
Knight of the House Order of Fidelity[2]
Knight of the Order of Berthold the First[3]
Friedrich-Luise Medal
Jubilee Medal for 1902
Commemorative Medal for the Golden Jubilee of Grand Duke Friedrich I and Grand Duchess Luise
Anhalt: Grand Cross of the Order of Albert the Bear, 1889[4]
Bavaria: Knight of St. Hubert, 1885[5]
Brunswick: Grand Cross of the Order of Henry the Lion
Saxe-Coburg and Gotha Duchy of Saxe-Altenburg Saxe-Meiningen Ernestine duchies: Grand Cross of the Saxe-Ernestine House Order, 1879[6]
Grand Duchy of Hesse Hesse and by Rhine: Grand Cross of the Ludwig Order, 29 December 1874[7]
Mecklenburg: Grand Cross of the Wendish Crown, with Crown in Ore
Nassau: Knight of the Gold Lion of Nassau
Oldenburg: Grand Cross of Honour of the Order of Duke Peter Friedrich Ludwig
Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach: Grand Cross of the White Falcon, 1877[8]
Saxony: Knight of the Rue Crown[9]
Schaumburg-Lippe: Cross of Honour of the House Order of Lippe, 1st Class
Waldeck-Pyrmont: Cross of Merit, 1st Class
Württemberg: Grand Cross of the Württemberg Crown, 1875[10]
Prussia:
Knight of the Black Eagle, 9 July 1875; with Collar, 1877[11]
Grand Cross of the Red Eagle
Grand Commander's Cross of the Royal House Order of Hohenzollern
Iron Cross (1914), 2nd and 1st Classes
Kaiser Wilhelm Memorial Medal
Service Award Cross
Commemorative Medal for the Silver Wedding of Kaiser Wilhelm II and Empress Augusta, 27 February 1906
Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen Hohenzollern: Cross of Honour of the Princely House Order of Hohenzollern, 1st Class
Foreign orders and decorations[1]
Austrian Empire Kingdom of Hungary Austria-Hungary:
Grand Cross of the Royal Hungarian Order of St. Stephen, 1885[12]
Military Jubilee Cross, 14 August 1908
Belgium: Grand Cordon of the Order of Leopold
Empire of Brazil: Grand Cross of the Southern Cross
Denmark: Knight of the Elephant, 13 October 1897[9][13]
Kingdom of Italy: Knight of the Annunciation, 10 September 1897[14]
Netherlands: Grand Cross of the Netherlands Lion
Kingdom of Romania:
Grand Cross of the Order of Carol I, with Collar
Grand Cross of the Star of Romania
Russian Empire: Knight of St. Andrew
Sweden Norway Sweden-Norway:
Knight of the Seraphim, with Collar, 20 September 1881[9][15]
Grand Cross of St. Olav, 27 September 1897[16]
United Kingdom: Honorary Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order, 16 June 1905[17]
Honorary military appointments
Honorary General of the Swedish Army, 1906[18]
Ancestry
Ancestors of Frederick II, Grand Duke of Baden
8. Charles Frederick, Grand Duke of Baden
4. Leopold, Grand Duke of Baden
9. Baroness Louise Caroline Geyer of Geyersberg
2. Frederick I, Grand Duke of Baden
10. Gustav IV Adolf, King of Sweden
5. Princess Sophie of Sweden
11. Princess Frederica of Baden
Frederick II, Grand Duke of Baden
12. Frederick William III, King of Prussia
6. Wilhelm I, German Emperor
13. Duchess Louise of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
3. Princess Louise of Prussia
14. Charles Frederick, Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach
7. Princess Augusta of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach
15. Grand Duchess Maria Pavlovna of Russia
References
Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Großherzogtum Baden (1910), "Großherzogliches Haus", pp. 1-2
Hof- und Staats-Handbuch ... Baden (1876), "Großherzogliche Orden" p. 57
Hof- und Staats-Handbuch ... Baden (1880), "Großherzogliche Orden" p. 72
Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Herzogtums Anhalt (1894), "Herzogliche Haus-Orden Albrecht des Bären" p. 17
Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Königreich Bayern (1908), "Königliche Orden", p. 7
Staatshandbücher für das Herzogtum Sachsen-Coburg und Gotha (1890), "Herzogliche Sachsen-Ernestinischer Hausorden" p. 46
Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Großherzogtum Hessen (1879), "Großherzogliche Orden und Ehrenzeichen" p. 12
Staatshandbuch für das Großherzogtum Sachsen / Sachsen-Weimar-Eisenach Archived 6 September 2020 at the Wayback Machine (1900), "Großherzogliche Hausorden" p. 16
Justus Perthes, Almanach de Gotha (1921) p. 12
Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Königreich Württemberg (1907), "Königliche Orden" p. 28
"Schwarzer Adler-orden", Königlich Preussische Ordensliste (in German), vol. 1, Berlin, 1886, p. 7
"A Szent István Rend tagjai" Archived 22 December 2010 at the Wayback Machine
Jørgen Pedersen (2009). Riddere af Elefantordenen, 1559–2009 (in Danish). Syddansk Universitetsforlag. p. 463. ISBN 978-87-7674-434-2.
Italia : Ministero dell'interno (1900). Calendario generale del Regno d'Italia. Unione tipografico-editrice. p. 54.
Sveriges statskalender (in Swedish), 1925, p. 807, retrieved 6 January 2018 – via runeberg.org
Norway (1908), "Den kongelige norske Sanct Olavs Orden", Norges Statskalender (in Norwegian), p. 869-870, retrieved 17 September 2021
"The London Gazette, Issue: 27807 Page: 4251" (PDF). The London Gazette. Retrieved 7 August 2019.
Sveriges statskalender (in Swedish), 1915, p. 201, retrieved 6 January 2018 – via runeberg.org
External links
Frederick II, Grand Duke of Baden in Stadtwiki Karlsruhe (City wiki of Karlsruhe), German
Frederick II, Grand Duke of Baden
House of Zähringen
Born: 9 July 1857 Died: 9 August 1928
German royalty
Preceded by
Frederick I
Grand Duke of Baden
28 September 1907 – 22 November 1918Monarchy abolished
German Revolution
Political offices
Preceded by
Frederick I
as Grand Duke of BadenHead of State of Baden
28 September 1907 – 22 November 1918Succeeded by
Anton Geiß
as President of the
Republic of Baden
Titles in pretence
Loss of title
Republic declared
— TITULAR —
Grand Duke of Baden
22 November 1918 – 9 August 1928Succeeded by
Maximilian
vte
Princes of Baden
Authority control Edit this at Wikidata
Categories: House of ZähringenProtestant monarchsNobility from Karlsruhe1857 births1928 deathsHeidelberg University alumniGrand Dukes of BadenHereditary Princes of BadenMonarchs who abdicatedColonel generals of Prussia19th-century Prussian military personnelGrand Crosses of the Order of Saint Stephen of HungaryAnnulled Honorary Knights Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian OrderMilitary personnel from Karlsruhe
This page was last edited on 21 August 2023, at 11:10 (UTC).
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