Genealogie John Muijsers » Alfonso ix van Leon (1171-1230)

Persönliche Daten Alfonso ix van Leon 

• Er wurde geboren am 15. August 1171 in Zamora, Zamora, Castilla y León, Spanje.
• Beruf: koning van Leon en Galicië.
• Er ist verstorben September 1230 in Villanueva de Sarria, er war 59 Jahre alt.Quelle 2
• Ein Kind von Ferdinand ii van Leon und Urraca van Portugal

Familie von Alfonso ix van Leon

(1) Er ist verheiratet mit Theresa van Portugal.

Sie haben geheiratet rund 1191.

Kind(er):

1. Ferdinand van Leon  1192-1214
2. Sancha van Leon  1193-1270
3. Dulce van Leon  1194-1243

(2) Er ist verheiratet mit Berengaria van Castilië.

Sie haben geheiratet im Jahr 1197 in Valladolid, Valladolid, Castilla y León, Spanje, er war 25 Jahre alt.

Kind(er):

1. Ferdinand Iii van Castilië  1201-1252 
2. Constanza van Leon  1200-1242
3. Alfonso van Leon  1203-1272
4. Berengaria van Leon  ± 1204-1237 

Notizen bei Alfonso ix van Leon

Alfonso IX (15 August 1171 – 23 or 24 September 1230) was king of León and Galicia from the death of his father Ferdinand II in 1188 until his own death. According to Ibn Khaldun (1332–1406), he is said to have been called the Baboso or Slobberer because he was subject to fits of rage during which he foamed at the mouth.[1]
He took steps towards modernizing and democratizing his dominion and founded the University of Salamanca in 1212. In 1188 he summoned the first parliament reflecting full representation of the citizenry ever seen in Western Europe, the Cortes of León.[2]
He took a part in the work of the Reconquest, conquering the area of Extremadura (including the cities of Cáceres and Badajoz).
Alfonso was born in Zamora. He was the only son of King Ferdinand II of León and Urraca of Portugal.[2] His father was the younger son of Alfonso VII of León and Castile, who divided his kingdoms between his sons, which set the stage for conflict in the family until the kingdoms were re-united by Alfonso IX's son, Ferdinand III of Castile.
Alfonso IX had great difficulty in obtaining the throne through his given birthright. In July 1188 his cousin Alfonso VIII of Castile required the younger Alfonso to recognize the elder as overlord in exchange for recognizing the younger's authority in León.[4]
The convening of the Cortes de León in the cloisters of the Basilica of San Isidoro would be one of the most important events of Alfonso's reign. The difficult economic situation at the beginning of his reign compelled Alfonso to raise taxes on the underprivileged classes, leading to protests and a few towns revolts. In response the king summoned the Cortes, an assembly of nobles, clergy and representatives of cities, and subsequently faced demands for compensatory spending and greater external control and oversight of royal expenditures. Alfonso's convening of the Cortes is considered by many historians, including Australia's John Keane,[5] to be instrumental to the formation of democratic parliaments across Europe. Note that Iceland had already held what may have been what is Europe's first parliament, the Þingvellir, in 930 CE. However, the Cortes' 1188 session predates the first session of the Parliament of England, which occurred in the thirteenth century.
In spite of the democratic precedent represented by the Cortes and the founding of the University of Salamanca, Alfonso is often chiefly remembered for the difficulties his successive marriages caused between him with Pope Celestine III. He was first married in 1191 to his first cousin, Theresa of Portugal,[2] who bore him two daughters, and a son who died young. The marriage was declared null by the papal legate Cardinal Gregory for consanguinity.[1]
After Alfonso VIII of Castile was defeated at the Battle of Alarcos, Alfonso IX invaded Castile with the aid of Muslim troops.[2] He was summarily excommunicated by Pope Celestine III. In 1197, Alfonso IX married his first cousin once removed, Berengaria of Castile, to cement peace between León and Castile.[6] For this second act of consanguinity, the king and the kingdom were placed under interdict by representatives of the Pope.[7] In 1198, Pope Innocent III declared Alfonso and Berengaria's marriage invalid, but they stayed together until 1204.[8] The annulment of this marriage by the pope drove the younger Alfonso to again attack his cousin in 1204, but treaties made in 1205, 1207, and 1209 each forced him to concede further territories and rights.[9][10] The treaty in 1207 is the first existing public document in the Castilian dialect.[11]
The Pope was, however, compelled to modify his measures by the threat that, if the people could not obtain the services of religion, they would not support the clergy, and that heresy would spread. The king was left under interdict personally, but to that he showed himself indifferent, and he had the support of his clergy.

In 1191, he married Theresa of Portugal,[12] daughter of King Sancho I of Portugal and Queen Dulce of Aragon.[13] Between 1191 and 1196, the year in which their marriage was annulled, three children were born:
Sancha (1191 – before 1243)[14] unmarried and without issue. She and her sister Dulce became nuns or retired at the Monastery of San Guillermo Villabuena (León) where she died before 1243.
Ferdinand(1192/1193 – 1214),[15] unmarried and without issue.
Dulce (1193/1194 – 1248).[16]
On 17 November 1197 he married infanta Berengaria of Castile, daughter of King Alfonso VIII of Castile and Leonor of England. Five children were born of this marriage:
Eleanor[17] (1198[18] – 11 November 1202[18]).
Constance (died in 1242),[19] became a nun at the Abbey of Santa María la Real de Las Huelgas, Burgos, where she died.[17]
Ferdinand III of Castile (1199/1201[a] – 1252). King of Castile in 1217 after the death of Henry I of Castile and of León in 1230 after the death of his father.[17]
Alfonso (died in 1272), Lord of Molina due to his first marriage to Mafalda González de Lara.[17]
Berengaria of León (died in 1237), in 1224 married John of Brienne,[17]
Alfonso also fathered many illegitimate children. After the annulment of his first marriage and before wedding Berengaria, he had a relationship which lasted about two years with Inés Íñiguez de Mendoza, daughter of Iñigo López de Mendoza and María García,[22] with whom he had a daughter born around 1197:
Urraca Alfonso, the wife of Lope Díaz II de Haro, Lord of Biscay.[23]
He had another relationship afterwards with a noblewoman from Galicia, Estefanía Pérez de Faiam. In 1211, King Alfonso gave her lands in Orense where her family, as can be inferred from her last will dated 1250, owned many estates, as well as in the north of Portugal. She was the daughter of Pedro Menéndez Faiam, who confirmed several royal charters of King Alfonso IX, and granddaughter of Menendo Faiam, who also confirmed several diplomas issued in Galicia as of 1155 by King Ferdinand II of León. After the relationship ended, Estefanía married Rodrigo Suárez with whom she had issue. In her will, she asked to be buried in the Monastery of Fiães in northern Portugal.[24]
Alfonso IX and Estefanía were the parents of:[b]
Ferdinand Alfonso of León (born in 1211),[24] died young.
According to Spanish historian, Julio González, after his relationship with Estefanía, the king had a lover from Salamanca, of unknown origin, whose name was Maura and with whom he had: [26]
Fernando Alfonso de León (c. 1214/1218 – Salamanca, 10 January 1278), archdeacon of the Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela,[26] who had issue with Aldara de Ulloa.
Of his relationship with the noblewoman from Portugal, Aldonza Martínez de Silva, daughter of Martim Gomes da Silva and his wife Urraca Rodrigues,[27] which lasted from 1214 to 1218, three children were born:
Rodrigo (c. 1214 – c. 1268), lord of Aliger and Castro del Río, and Adelantado of the March of Andalusia, he married Inés Rodríguez, daughter of Rodrigo Fernández de Valduerna,[28] Lord of Cabrera and alférez of King Alfonso IX.
Aldonza (died after 1267). Married count Pedro Ponce de Cabrera,[29] and had issue. They are the ancestors of the Ponce de León family.
Teresa Alfonso of León, the wife of Nuño González de Lara el Bueno.[c]
King Alfonso's most long-lasting relationship, which began in 1218 and lasted until his death in 1230,[33] was with Teresa Gil de Soverosa.[34] A member of the Portuguese nobility, Teresa was the daughter of Gil Vasques de Soverosa and his first wife María Aires de Fornelos. They had four children, all of them born between 1218 and 1239:[35]
Sancha (d. 1270). Married Simon Ruiz, Lord of Los Cameros.[36] She later became a nun at the convent of Santa Eufemia de Cozuelos which she had founded.[36]
María (died after July 1275).[d] Her first marriage was with Álvaro Fernández de Lara. She was then the concubine of her nephew King Alfonso X of Castile and, according to the Count of Barcelos, her second husband was Suero Arias de Valladares.[36]
Martín (died 1268/1272), married to Maria Mendes de Sousa, founders of the Monastery of Sancti-Spíritus, Salamanca. There was no issue from this marriage.[37]
Urraca (d. after 1252). First married García Romeu,[36] and then Pedro Núñez de Guzmán.[36]
Although Alfonso IX is supposed to have had another son, Pedro Alfonso de León, there is no documentary proof that he was the king's son or that he was the Grand Master of the Order of Santiago.

Alfonso IX of León died on 24 September 1230. His death was particularly significant in that his son, Ferdinand III of Castile, who was already the King of Castile also inherited the throne of León from his father. This was thanks to the negotiations of his mother, Berengaria, who convinced her stepdaughters to renounce their claim on the throne.[39] In an effort to quickly consolidate his power over León, Ferdinand III abandoned a military campaign to capture the city of Jaén immediately upon hearing news of his father's death and traveled to León to be crowned king. This coronation united the Kingdoms of León and Castile which would go on to dominate the Iberian Peninsula.

Uit: https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfons_IX_van_Le%C3%B3n:

Alfonso IX van León (Zamora, 1171 — Villanueva de Sarria (Galicia), 24 september 1230) was koning van León van 1188 tot 1230.
Volgens de correcte chronologische volgorde zou deze Alfons eigenlijk nummer VIII moeten zijn, maar gewoonlijk wordt deze koning Alfons IX genoemd.[1]
Alfons was een zoon van Ferdinand II van León (1137-1188) en diens eerste echtgenote, prinses Urraca van Portugal (1151-1180). Bij de troonopvolging kwam hij in conflict met zijn pleegmoeder en zijn halfbroer omtrent de opvolgingsrechten in het koninkrijk León. Om zijn positie te verstevigen riep hij de Curia Regia, oftewel de Cortes, bijeen en vond steun bij de kerk en de adel. Dit kan in bestuurlijk opzicht de vorming van het allereerste West-Europees parlement beschouwd worden.
Zijn beide strategische huwelijken werden door Paus Innocentius III ontbonden en geannuleerd, onder meer vanwege de bloedverwantschap van zijn echtgenoten:
hij trouwde eerst (1191-1197) met Theresia van Portugal (een dochter van Sancho I, een broer van zijn moeder) en daarna (1197-1204) met Berenguela van Castilië (oudste dochter van Alfons VIII van Castilië en Eleonora van Engeland, een zus van de moeder van Alfonso IX).
Nadat hij van Berenguela was gescheiden, richtte hij zich op de rivaliteit tussen zijn koninkrijk en dat van Castilië.
In 1214 nam Berenguela het regentschap in haar geboorterijk op zich en trad in 1217 officieel af om plaats te maken voor hun zoon Ferdinand III van Castilië (de Heilige), zodat deze Castilië kon regeren. In 1218 richtte Alfons IX, samen met zijn zoon, de Universiteit van Salamanca op. Daarna concentreerde Alfons zich op de strijd tegen de Moren. Zijn meest klinkende overwinningen behaalde hij in de Extremadura: Cáceres (1229), Mérida en Badajoz (1230).
Bij zijn dood liet hij zijn koninkrijk na aan Sancha en Dulce, dochters uit zijn eerste huwelijk, maar uiteindelijk wist Ferdinand III hen de macht te ontnemen en León met Castilië te verenigen.
Nageslacht[bewerken]
Met Theresia van Portugal:
Ferdinand (1192 - augustus 1214).
Sancha (1193 - 1270). Na twee mislukte pogingen tot een huwelijk met Hendrik I van Castilië en Jean de Brienne, werd Sancha non in het klooster van Cozollos.
Dulce (1194 - 1243). Leefde met haar moeder Theresia van Portugal in Portugal
Met Berenguela van Castilië:
Berenguela (1198 - 1237). Trouwde met Jean de Brienne, regent van het koninkrijk van Jeruzalem.
Constanza (1200 - 7 september 1242). Non in Las Huelgas.
Ferdinand III de Heilige (1199 - 1252).
Leonor (geboren en gestorven in 1202).
Alfonso, Heer van Molina (1203 - 1272), de vader van de toekomstige koningin María van Molina
Alfonso verwekte vele buitenechtelijke kinderen:
Met Inés Íñiguez de Mendoza (dochter van Lope Iñíguez, eerste Heer van Mendoza en Teresa Ximenez de los Cameros):
Urraca Alfonso van Leon, circa 1190. Trouwde met Lopez Díaz II de Haro, zesde Heer van Vizcaya, hun dochter Mécia Lopes de Haro huwde later met Sancho II van Portugal
Met Aldonça Martins da Silva (dochter van Martim Gomes da Silva en Urraca Rodrigues en echtgenote van Diogo Froilaz, Conde de Cifuentes):
Pedro Alfonso van Leon, Heer van Tenorio, circa 1200
Rodrigo Alfonso van Leon, Heer van Aliger, circa 1200
Alfonso van Leon (jong gestorven)
Fernando van Leon (jong gestorven)
Aldonza Alonso van Leon, circa 1215
Teresa Alfonso van Leon, circa 1210
Met Teresa Gil de Soverosa (dochter van Gil Vasques de Soverosa en Maria Aires de Fornelos):
Martim Alfonso van Leon, circa 1210
Maria Alfonso van Leon, circa 1190
Sancha van Leon, circa 1210
Urraca Alfonso van Leon, circa 1210
Met een onbekende vrouw:
Maria Alfonso van Leon, circa 1200
Fernando Alfonso van Leon, circa 1220

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