Fox and Anderson and Taylor families in USA » Queen Eleanor Alienor Aquitaine Poitou (1124-1204)

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1. Geni Website, https://www.geni.com, via https://www.genealogieonline.nl/en/fox-a...

   https://www.genealogieonline.nl/en/fox-anderson-and-taylor-families/aanknopingspunten.php?periode=-1

2. Book, Platagenet Encyclopedia, Elizabeth Hallam (ed.), Crescent Books, New York, 1996. ISBN 0-517-14081-0., 1996

   Daughter of William X, duke of Aquitaine; duchess of Aquitaine (1137-1204), queen-consort to Louis VII of France (1137-51) and Henry II of England (1154-89). Eleanor succeeded to the duchy of Aquitaine in 1137, and that year also married Louis VII of France, at her father's behest. She bore Louis two daughters, but their marriage broke down when she accompanied him to Palestine on the Second Crusade (1147-49). Pope Eugenius III tried but failed to heal the breach. Granted an annulment in 1151, the next year Eleanor married Henry Plantagenet, duke of Normandy and count of Anjou, who became king of England in 1154. Relations between Eleanor and Henry were strained by his numerous infidelities (the most notable with Rosamund Clifford), and in 1170 Eleanor established her own separate court at Poitiers, which became a centre of culture and courtly manners. She bore Henry five sons and three daughters, but also fomented strife within the family, as in 1173 when she supported her sons, Henry, the Young King, Richard (the future Richard I of England) and Geoffrey, when they rebelled against their father. From 1173 to 1185 she was kept under house arrest at Winchester and Salisbury; and was released only four years before Henry's death in 1189. In 1189 she secured Richard's uncontested accession to the English throne, and held Aquitaine for him thereafter. On his death in 1199 she backed John's claim to the throne against his nephew Arthur, duke of Brittany, whom Richard had recognized as his heir in 1190. Arthur trapped her in the Angevin stronghold of Mirebeau castle in 1202, and John won a great victory in coming to her aid. She died in 1204 and was buried in the Plantagenet funerary church at Fontevrault.

3. Wikipedia .org, via https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eleanor_of...
4. WikiTree, via https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Aquitaine-...

   Name: Eleanor of Aquitaine [1] [2] - French: Aliénor d'Aquitaine - Latin: Alienora Duchess of Aquitaine - She succeeded to Duchy of Aquitaine following the death of her father in 1137. Her guardian, Louis VI king of France, quickly married her to his son the future Louis VII in order to bring the duchy to the direct control of the kings of France. Queen consort of France - Following the death of Louis VI, she and her husband were crowned King and Queen of the Franks on Christmas Day 1137. She held this title until her marriage was annulled in 1152. Queen consort of England - Her second husband, Henry II of England, succeeded to the throne of England on 25 October 1152. He and Eleanor were crowned King and Queen of England on 19 December 1154.
   Birth
   Born: Between 1122 and 1124, presumably in Aquitaine, France. The exact date and place of her death is not known with certainty. No statements are contemporary. Said to have been aged 13 in the spring of 1137. Said to have received the fidelity oath of some lords of Aquitaine on the occasion of Eleanor's fourteenth birthday in 1136. Said to have been aged 82 at her death in 1204. It has been said she was born at Nieul-sur-Autize, Vendée or at Château de Belin, Guyenne or at Palais d’Ombrière, Bordeaux. None of these are confirmed by contemporary documents.
   Marriages and Children
   Married: 1st - Louis VII of France, (future) king of France on 25 July 1137 at the Cathedral of Saint-André in Bordeaux, France. This marriage was annulled on grounds of consanguinity within the fourth degree on 21 March 1152. Married: 2nd - Henry II of England, (future) king of England on 18 May 1152 at Bordeaux Cathedral in Bordeaux, Aquitaine, France. Children of Louis VII of France and Eleanor of Aquitaine: 1. Marie of France, Countess of Champagne. Born in 1145. She married Henri I, Count of Palatine of Troyes, Count of Champagneand Brie. She died on 11 March 1198 in Champagne-Ardenne, France.
   2. Alix of France, Countess of Blois. Born in 1150. She married Thibaut V, Count of Blois, Dunois and Chartres.
   Children of Henry II of England and Eleanor of Aquitaine: 1. William of England. Born 17 August 1153 in Normandy, France. Died about 25 December 1156 at Wallingford Castle in Berkshire, England.
   2.Henry of England "the Young King", king of England. Born 28 February 1155 at Bermondsey, Surrey England. Crowned joint king of England on 14 June 1170. Died 11 June 1183 at Chateau Martel in Touraine.
   3.Matilda of England. Born 1156 in London, England.
   4.Richard of England "Lionheart", King of England. Born 8 September 1157 in Oxford, England. Succeeded as King of England on 6 July 1183. He died 6 April 1199 during a seige at Chalus in Limousin. No issue.
   5.Geoffrey of England. Born 23 September 1158. In the right of his wife he was the Duke of Brittany and Earl of Richmond. He was killed in a tournament on 19 August 1186 in Paris, France.
   6.Eleanor of England, Queen of Castile. She married Alphonso VIII, King of Castile.
   7.Joan of England, Queen of Sicily. Born October 1165 in Angers, France. She married 1st William II le bon, King of Sicily; she married 2nd Raymond VI, Count of Toulese. She died 24 September 1199 in Rouen, France.
   8.John of England "Lackland", King of England. Born about 27 December 1166 in Oxford, England. He succeeded his brother as King of England on 6 April 1199. He was mortally wounded at the capture of Damietta (now in Egypt) on 6 June 1249.
   
   Death and Burial of Eleanor of Aquitaine
   Died: 31 March 1204 Buried: Abbey of Fontevrault [3] Eleanor of Aquitaine died on 31 March 1204 and was buried at Fontevrault, the burial place of her second husband, Henry II (d.1189) and son Richard (d.1199). The effigy to the north-west of the group of four in the Fontevrault nave is generally ascribed to the queen on the basis of the crown, bier format and tufa medium, which group it with the Fontevrault effigies of Henry II and Richard I. The original position of the Fontevrualt-Angevin monuments, together with their peregrinations are not recorded, but they were probably located near the abbey high altar. [4]
   Notes
   Eleanor, the Duchess of Aquitaine is one of -- if not -- the most captivating woman of her day. More powerful and equipped then the tinier kingdoms of France and the Angevin county that Henry II came from .... she had it all.[3] Rich beyond belief. Loved by the troubadours. Praised and hated the world over for her girly flirtations and natural beauty. And most definitely respected and reviled for her business and political acumen ... chroniclers tend to lean according to subjective views. Hence, the researcher has to pour through mountains of gossip and scandal surrounding her life to get at the known facts.[3] What we do know is that the Duchess was raised in a very refined court. She loved art, poetry, music and fashion. She is also the person who went on to establish certain manners at the dinner table of the French court by introducing table-cloths and hand-washing, in addition to some remodeling for ventilation. But Eleanor was no average lady of a household. She was assertive from go.[3] Having acquired the necessary skills in youth, she was very capable of handling her vassals and taking care of a kingdom's administrative affairs. She did not cower in the face of war. But what she could not do was control the wagging tongues and sexism that attempted to negate her power both during her life-time and after her death. And sadly, both of the men she married were just a little too obsessed with taking her inheritance ... not to mention the fact that they both had her arrested. Louis ... because he got jealous and felt threatened by another man.[5] And Henry was just a life-long control freak when it came to power.[6] He may have been a great administrator and warrior, but his own family didn't turn on him for no reason.[3] In hindsight, Eleanor's story is full of strife. For all her possessions, she barely had a moment's peace. Nevertheless, she was both mother and step-mother to a very powerful brood, who gave birth to the Plantagenet dynasty. Without her, Henry II would not have been been able to rule such a wide territory.[3]
   
   
   
   Sources
   Footnotes and citations: 1.↑ Cawley, Medieval Lands: Eleonore d'Aquitaine
   2.↑ Richardson, Royal Ancestry, (2013): vol. I p. 24, 129; vol. III p. 21.
   3.↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 Weir, Alison (1998). Eleanor of Aquitaine. eBook.
   4.↑ Duffy. Royal Tombs (2003):57, 60.
   5.↑ 1146 Second Crusade led by Louis VII. Eleanor went and bogged him down with luggage on a military expedition. Ends up being arrested by jealous Louis over her uncle in the Middle East. The witnesses present thought she and her uncle got along too well and the two were flirting ... to say the least. And Eleanor actually tried to stay with him while Louis went on ahead to fight. That's when Louis' advisors convinced him Eleanor was up to no good. So the king had her arrested. You didn't do that to a Queen ... So people took the legal action as a sign that Eleanor was guilty. And she just couldn't live down the rumors that spread like fire. it was even more tragic because historians pretty much agree that Louis loved her to pieces. It was some of his courtiers and members of the clergy that wanted to take her out.
   6.↑ 1174-1189: Henry II put Eleanor on house arrest following family revolt.
   Source list: • Richardson, Douglas. Royal Ancestry: A Study In Colonial And Medieval Families, in 5 vols. (Salt Lake City, Utah, 2013): vol. I p. 24, 129; vol. III p. 21.
   • Cawley, Charles. Medieval Lands: A Prosopography of Medieval European Noble and Royal Families, Online at Foundation for Medieval Genealogy Website (accessed December 2016).
   • Duffy, Mark. Royal Tombs of Medieval England. (2003):57, 60.
   • Wikipedia: Eleanor of Aquitaine
   • The Concise Columbia Encyclopedia (1995). Columbia University Press
   • Weis, F.L. (1999). Magna Charta Sureties, 1215. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co.
   
   • Stevens, W.S. (1971). Our royal ancestors. Lexington: Transylvania Print. Co.
   • Pedigrees of Some of the Emperor Charlemagne's Descendants. Vol I - III
   
   Eleanor of Aquitaine (in French: Aliénor d’Aquitaine, Éléonore de Guyenne) (1122 or 1124 – 1 April 1204) was one of the wealthiest and most powerful women in Western Europe during the High Middle Ages. As well as being Duchess of Aquitaine in her own right, she was queen consort of France (1137–1152) and of England (1154–1189). She was the patroness of such literary figures as Wace, Benoît de Sainte-More, and Chrétien de Troyes.
   Eleanor succeeded her father as suo jure Duchess of Aquitaine and Countess of Poitiers at the age of fifteen, and thus became the most eligible bride in Europe. Three months after her accession she married Louis VII, son and junior co-ruler of her guardian, King Louis VI of France. As Queen of France, she participated in the unsuccessful Second Crusade. Soon after the Crusade was over, Eleanor asked Louis for a divorce, as their marriage had only produced a daughter, Marie.[2] Instead, Eleanor was forced by Pope Eugene III to reconcile with Louis,[3] which led to the birth of Alix, another daughter, whose gender proved to be the final blow to the union.[4] The royal marriage was annulled on 11 March 1152, on the grounds of consanguinity within the fourth degree. Their daughters were declared legitimate and custody was awarded to Louis, while Eleanor's lands were restored to her.
   
   As soon as the annulment was granted, Eleanor became engaged to Henry II, Duke of the Normans, her cousin within the third degree, who was nine years younger. On 18 May 1152, eight weeks after the annulment of her first marriage, Eleanor married the Duke of the Normans. On 25 October 1154 her husband ascended the throne of the Kingdom of England, making Eleanor Queen of the English. Over the next thirteen years, she bore Henry eight children: five sons, three of whom would become king, and three daughters. However, Henry and Eleanor eventually became estranged. She was imprisoned between 1173 and 1189 for supporting her son Henry's revolt against her husband.
   
   Eleanor was widowed on 6 July 1189. Her husband was succeeded by their son, Richard the Lionheart, who immediately released his mother. Now queen dowager, Eleanor acted as a regent for her son while he went off on the Third Crusade. Eleanor survived her son Richard and lived well into the reign of her youngest son King John. By the time of her death she had outlived all of her children except for King John and Eleanor, Queen of Castile.
   

   http://www.wikitree.com
   

5. Internet Page, via https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QDHuuzwf...

   A rare educated woman in the Middle Ages, Eleanor made Aquitaine a destination for intellectual and philosophical pursuits and one of the richest regions of France. Upon her father’s death when she was just 15, she became the Duchess of Aquitaine and Countess of Poitiers. Her beauty and leadership skills caught the eye of Louis VII of France, who she married in 1137.
   
   During her marriage to Louis, she helped broker trade agreements with the Middle East and Eastern Europe. Her marriage to the King of France was annulled in 1152 and two years later, Eleanor became the Queen of England upon her marriage to Henry II. The two had 8 children together, but later became estranged when Henry II imprisoned her for colluding with their son Henry to take over the throne. But 16 years later, she was released when Henry II died and became Queen mother to their second son Richard the Lionheart. She remained Queen mother until her death when her youngest son, King John, was still in power.

Historische Ereignisse

• Sterbedatum 31. März 1204

Gleicher Geburts-/Todestag

• Auch verstorben am 31. März

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