Chlothar "le Jeune" (Chlothar "le Jeune") "King of All Franks" of the Franks II (± 584-± 630) » Arbre généalogique Homs

Données personnelles Chlothar "le Jeune" (Chlothar "le Jeune") "King of All Franks" of the Franks II

Les sources 1, 2

Noms alternatifs: Clothaire Meroving, King Clotaire I of the Franks
Le surnom est King of All Franks.
Il est né environ mai 584 dans Paris, Neustria (Present France), Frankish EmpireParis, Neustria (Present France).
Il a été baptisé.
Il a été baptisé environ 591 dans Abbaye Sainte-Geneviève de ParisNanterre, Neustria (Present France), Frankish Empire.
Il est décédé environ 630 dans Paris, Neustria (Present France), Frankish EmpireParis, Neustria (Present France).
Il est enterré dans Saint-Germain-des-Prés.
Un enfant de Chilpéric des Soissons et Frédégonde d'Ardennes
Cette information a été mise à jour pour la dernière fois le 7 mai 2012.

Famille de Chlothar "le Jeune" (Chlothar "le Jeune") "King of All Franks" of the Franks II

(1) Il est marié avec Beretrudis of Burgundy & Franconia.

Ils se sont mariés environ 602 à Metz, Moselle, France.

Enfant(s):

Dagobert roi d'Austrasie roi d'Austrasie ± 605-639
Bertha des Francs

(2) Il a/avait une relation avec Brynhild.

Enfant(s):

Santa Oda (Afre) Princess of the Franks ± 628-720

(3) Il avait une relation avec Sichilde.

Enfant(s):

Charibert of the Franks ± 608-± 631

Notes par Chlothar "le Jeune" (Chlothar "le Jeune") "King of All Franks" of the Franks II

King of Soissons 584-613 King of the Franks 613-629 When his father, King Ch ilperic I of Soissons died in 584, Chlotar wasnot yet even born. Until 597, hi s kingdom was administered by hismother, Queen Fredegund, but when she died th at year he bagan to rulefor himself, now 13 years old. In 613, the Austrasian and Burgundiankings, Theudebert II and Theuderic II respectively, had died, an d QueenBrunhild had placed the young Sigebert II on the throne of those two kingdoms. That year, the 29 year old Chlotar had Sigebert and Brunhildkilled, an d became the first king of all the Franks since hisgrandfather Chlotar I died in 561. In 615, Chlotar passed the Edict ofParis, a sort of French Magna Carta that greatly pleased the noblesacross the kingdom. In 623, he gave the kingdo m of Austrasia to hisyoung son Dagobert I, which was a political move giving P epin I, Mayorof the Palace of Austrasia, and Bishop Arnulf of Metz, the two le adingAustrasian nobles, semi-autonomy for their loyalty to Chlotar. In 629, Chlotar died and Dagobert became sole king, moving his capital fromAustrasia to Paris.[New Cunard.ged]

King of Soissons 584-613 King of the Franks 613-629 When his father, King Ch ilperic I of Soissons died in 584, Chlotar wasnot yet even born. Until 597, hi s kingdom was administered by hismother, Queen Fredegund, but when she died th at year he bagan to rulefor himself, now 13 years old. In 613, the Austrasian and Burgundiankings, Theudebert II and Theuderic II respectively, had died, an d QueenBrunhild had placed the young Sigebert II on the throne of those two kingdoms. That year, the 29 year old Chlotar had Sigebert and Brunhildkilled, an d became the first king of all the Franks since hisgrandfather Chlotar I died in 561. In 615, Chlotar passed the Edict ofParis, a sort of French Magna Carta that greatly pleased the noblesacross the kingdom. In 623, he gave the kingdo m of Austrasia to hisyoung son Dagobert I, which was a political move giving P epin I, Mayorof the Palace of Austrasia, and Bishop Arnulf of Metz, the two le adingAustrasian nobles, semi-autonomy for their loyalty to Chlotar. In 629, Chlotar died and Dagobert became sole king, moving his capital fromAustrasia to Paris.

Name Prefix: King Name Suffix: II, of the Franks

NSFX Signed the "Perpetual Constitution" TYPE Book AUTH Stuart, Roderick W. PERI Royalty for Commoners EDTN 3d PUBL Genealogical Publishing co., Inc, Baltimore, MD (1998) ISB 0-8063-1561-X TEXT 303-48 ACED DATE 613 - 628 DATE 19 MAY 2000

REFR DATE 0584 PLAC King of Franks RETO DATE 0628 RELI Reign: 613-628 OCCU King of the FranksChlothar II of the Franks, King of the FranksAcceded: 584Died: 629Notes:King of Neustria.Father: , Chilperic I of the Franks, King of theFranksMother: , FredegundChild 1: , MerovechChild 2: , Dagobert I of the Franks, King of the FranksChild 3: , Charibert II of the Franks, King of the FranksReturn to the master surname alphabetic index.Return to the index for this person.Return to the home page for royal data.---------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------Version: 14 Feb 99 Author: Brian Tompsett Sources: bibliographyQuestion?: FAQ c 1994-99 DATE 27 AUG 1999

OCCUKing of Soissons/Franks

Clothaire II King of Neustria, King of Franks was Crowned in 584; 584 King of Neustria and 613-628 King of Franks.

Signed the "Perpetual Constitution", 614/615 an early Magna Charta. He was born in 584.1 He was the son of Chilperic I King of Neustria and Fredegunde.3 Clothaire II King of Neustria, King of Franks married Haldetrude. Clothaire II King of Neustria, King of Franks died in 629.

On the assassination of his father in 584 he was still in his cradle.He was, however, recognized as king thanks to the devotion of his mother Fredegond and the protection of his uncle Gontran, king of Burgundy.
It was not until after the death of his cousin Childebert II in 595 that Clotaire took any active part in affairs. He then endeavoured to enlarge his estates at the expense of Childebert's sons, Theodebert, king of Austrasia, and Theuderich II, king of Burgundy; but after gaining a victory at Laffaux (597), he was defeated at Dormelles (600) and lost part of his kingdom. After the war between Theodebert and Theuderich and their death, the nobles of Austrasia and Burgundy appealed to Clotaire who, after putting Brunhilda to death, became master of the whole of the Frankish kingdom (613). He was obliged, however, to make great concessions to the aristocracy to whom he owed his victory. By the constitution of Oct. 18, 614, he gave legal force to canons which had been voted some days previously by a council convened at Paris, butnot without attempting to modify them by numerous restrictions. He extended the competence of the ecclesiastical tribunals, suppressed unjust taxes and undertook to select the counts from the districts they had to administer. Clotaire did not unify the administration, however; he maintained separate mayors of the palace for the three districts over which he ruled. In 623 he made his son Dagobert king of the Austrasians, and gradually subdued all the provinces that had formerly belonged to Childebert II. He also guaranteed a certain measure of independence to the nobles of Burgundy, giving them the option of having a special mayor of the palace or of dispensing with that officer. These concessions procured him a reign of comparative tranquility.
He died on Oct. 18, 629, and was buried at Paris in the church of St.Vincent, afterward known as St. Germain des Prés

Source http://vandeleurcreagh.org/b9.htm#P10491
Clotaire II King of All Franks was born in 584 in Paris. He died in 629. Parents: Chilperic I de SOISSONS King of the Franks and Fredegunde d' ARDENNES.
Spouse: Sichilde d' ARDENNES. Clotaire II King of All Franks and Sichilde d' ARDENNES were married. Children were: Chilperic, Oda.
Spouse: Haldetrude. Clotaire II King of All Franks and Haldetrude were married. Children were: Dagobert I King of Austrasia and Neustria.
Spouse: Bertrude. Clotaire II King of All Franks and Bertrude were married. Children were: Charibert II King of Aquitaine, Blithilda.

The son of Fredegund, Chlotar (an infant when his father Chilperic I was
assassinated in 584) was assured accession by the power of his mother and
protection of his uncle, Guntram. Sigebert II, son of Brunhild, allowed
Chlotar to seize both the crowns of Austrasia and Burgundy and thus to unite
the Frankish lands. Chlotar killed both Sigebert II and his mother, Brunhild.
As to governing, he maintained separate mayors of the palace for the three
districts over which he ruled, and was succeeded by his son, Dagobert I.

Clotaire II
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Clotaire II (584-629), called the Great (le Grand) or the Young (le Jeune), King of Neustria, and from 613-629 King of all the Franks, was not yet born when his father, King Chilperic I died in 584. His mother, Queen Fredegonde, was regent until her death in 597, at which time the thirteen year old Clotaire II began to rule for himself. As King, he continued his mother's feud with Queen Brunhilda of Austrasia with equal viciousness and bloodshed.

In 599, he made war with his cousins, Theuderic II of Burgundy and Theudebert II of Austrasia, who defeated him at Dormelles (near Montereau). At this point, however, the two brothers took up arms against each other. In 605, he invaded Theuderic's kingdom, but did not subdue it. He remained often at war with Theuderic and the latter died in Metz in late 613 while preparing a campaign against him. At that time, Warnachar, mayor of the palace of Austrasia, and Rado, mayor of the palace of Burgundy, abandoned the cause of Brunhilda and her great-grandson, Sigebert II, and the entire realm was delivered into Clotaire's hands. Brunhilda and Sigebert met Clotaire's army on the Aisne, but the Patrician Aletheus, Duke Rocco, and Duke Sigvald deserted the host and the grand old woman and her king had to flee. As far as the Orbe they got, but Clotaire's minions caught up with them by the lake Neuchâtel. Both of them and Sigebert's younger brother Corbo were executed by Clotaire's orders.

In that year, Clotaire II became the first king of all the Franks since his grandfather Clotaire I died in 561 by ordering the murder of the infant Sigebert II (son of Theuderic), whom the aging Brunhilda had attempted to set on the thrones of Austrasia and Burgundy, causing a rebellion among the nobility. This led to the delivery of Brunhilda into Clotaire's hands, his thirst for vengeance leading to his formidable old aunt enduring the agony of the rack for three whole days, before suffering a horrific death, chained between four horses that were goaded in separate directions, eventually tearing her apart.

In 615, Clotaire II promulgated the Edict of Paris, a sort of Frankish Magna Carta that reserved many rights to the Frankish nobles while it excluded Jews from all civil employment for the Crown. The ban effectively placed all literacy in the Merovingian monarchy squarely under ecclesiastical control and also greatly pleased the nobles, from whose ranks the bishops were ordinarily exclusively drawn. Clotaire was induced by Warnachar and Rado to make the mayoralty of the palace a lifetime appointment at Bonneuil-sur-Marne, near Paris, in 617. By these actions, Clotaire lost his own legislative abilities and the great number of laws enacted in his reign are probably the result of the nobles' petitions, which the king had no authority not to heed.

In 623, he gave the kingdom of Austrasia to his young son Dagobert I. This was a political move as repayment for the support of Bishop Arnulf of Metz and Pepin I, mayor of the palace of Austrasia, the two leading Austrasian nobles, who were effectively granted semi-autonomy.

Clotaire II died in 629 after 45 years on the throne, longer than any other Merovingian dynast. He left the crown greatly reduced in power and prepared the way for the rise of the mayors and the rois fainéants.

[edit]
See also
Franks (main history of Frankish kingdoms)
List of Frankish Kings
Merovingians
Merovingian Dynasty
Born: 584; Died: 629
Preceded by:
Chilperic I King of Neustria
584–613
with Fredegonde (584–597) Succeeded by:
Dagobert I
in Austrasia & Neustria

Charibert II
in Aquitaine
Vacant
Title last held by
Clotaire I King of the Franks
613–629

The son of Fredegund, Chlotar (an infant when his father Chilperic I was
assassinated in 584) was assured accession by the power of his mother and
protection of his uncle, Guntram. Sigebert II, son of Brunhild, allowed
Chlotar to seize both the crowns of Austrasia and Burgundy and thus to unite
the Frankish lands. Chlotar killed both Sigebert II and his mother, Brunhild.
As to governing, he maintained separate mayors of the palace for the three
districts over which he ruled, and was succeeded by his son, Dagobert I.

[Wikipedia, "Chlothar II", retrieved 4 Oct 07]
Chlothar II (or Chlotar, Clothar, Clotaire, Chlotochar, or Hlothar, giving rise to Lothair; 584 ? 629), called the Great (le Grand) or the Young (le Jeune), King of Neustria, and, from 613 to 629, King of all the Franks, was not yet born when his father, King Chilperic I died in 584. His mother, Fredegund, was regent until her death in 597, at which time the thirteen-year old Clotaire began to rule for himself. As king, he continued his mother's feud with Brunhilda, queen of Austrasia, with equal viciousness and bloodshed.

In 599, he made war with his cousins, Theuderic II of Burgundy and Theudebert II of Austrasia, who defeated him at Dormelles (near Montereau). At this point, however, the two brothers took up arms against each other. In 605, he invaded Theuderic's kingdom, but did not subdue it. He remained often at war with Theuderic and the latter died in Metz in late 613 while preparing a campaign against him. At that time, Warnachar, mayor of the palace of Austrasia, and Rado, mayor of the palace of Burgundy, abandoned the cause of Brunhilda and her great-grandson, Sigebert II, and the entire realm was delivered into Clotaire's hands. Brunhilda and Sigebert met Clotaire's army on the Aisne, but the Patrician Aletheus, Duke Rocco, and Duke Sigvald deserted the host and the grand old woman and her king had to flee. As far as the Orbe they got, but Clotaire's minions caught up with them by the lake Neuchâtel. Both of them and Sigebert's younger brother Corbo were executed by Clotaire's orders.

In that year, Clotaire II became the first king of all the Franks since his grandfather Clotaire I died in 561 by ordering the murder of the infant Sigebert II (son of Theuderic), whom the aging Brunhilda had attempted to set on the thrones of Austrasia and Burgundy, causing a rebellion among the nobility. This led to the delivery of Brunhilda into Clotaire's hands, his thirst for vengeance leading to his formidable old aunt enduring the agony of the rack for three whole days, before suffering a horrific death, chained between four horses that were goaded in separate directions, eventually tearing her apart.

In 615, Clotaire II promulgated the Edict of Paris, a sort of Frankish Magna Carta that reserved many rights to the Frankish nobles while it excluded Jews from all civil employment for the Crown. The ban effectively placed all literacy in the Merovingian monarchy squarely under ecclesiastical control and also greatly pleased the nobles, from whose ranks the bishops were ordinarily exclusively drawn. Clotaire was induced by Warnachar and Rado to make the mayoralty of the palace a lifetime appointment at Bonneuil-sur-Marne, near Paris, in 617. By these actions, Clotaire lost his own legislative abilities and the great number of laws enacted in his reign are probably the result of the nobles' petitions, which the king had no authority not to heed.

In 623, he gave the kingdom of Austrasia to his young son Dagobert I. This was a political move as repayment for the support of Bishop Arnulf of Metz and Pepin I, mayor of the palace of Austrasia, the two leading Austrasian nobles, who were effectively granted semi-autonomy.

Clotaire II died in 629 after 45 years on the throne, longer than any other Merovingian dynast. He left the crown greatly reduced in power and prepared the way for the rise of the mayors and the rois fainéants.

King of Soissons and France

OCCUPATION: Prince of Paris

REIGNED: King of Newustria & France

Clotaire II (584-629), called the Great (le Grand) or the Young (le Jeune), King of Neustria, and from 613-629 King of all the Franks, was not yet born when his father, King Chilperic I died in 584. His mother, Queen Fredegonde, was regent until her death in 597, at which time the thirteen year old Clotaire II began to rule for himself. As King, he continued his mother's feud with Queen Brunhilda of Austrasia with equal viciousness and bloodshed.

In 599, he made war with his cousins, Theuderic II of Burgundy and Theudebert II of Austrasia, who defeated him at Dormelles (near Montereau). At this point, however, the two brothers took up arms against each other. In 605, he invaded Theuderic's kingdom, but did not subdue it. He remained often at war with Theuderic and the latter died in Metz in late 613 while preparing a campaign against him. At that time, Warnachar, mayor of the palace of Austrasia, and Rado, mayor of the palace of Burgundy, abandoned the cause of Brunhilda and her great-grandson, Sigebert II, and the entire realm was delivered into Clotaire's hands. Brunhilda and Sigebert met Clotaire's army on the Aisne, but the Patrician Aletheus, Duke Rocco, and Duke Sigvald deserted the host and the grand old woman and her king had to flee. As far as the Orbe they got, but Clotaire's minions caught up with them by the lake Neuchâtel. Both of them and Sigebert's younger brother Corbo were executed by Clotaire's orders.

In that year, Clotaire II became the first king of all the Franks since his grandfather Clotaire I died in 561 by ordering the murder of the infant Sigebert II (son of Theuderic), whom the aging Brunhilda had attempted to set on the thrones of Austrasia and Burgundy, causing a rebellion among the nobility. This led to the delivery of Brunhilda into Clotaire's hands, his thirst for vengeance leading to his formidable old aunt enduring the agony of the rack for three whole days, before suffering a horrific death, chained between four horses that were goaded in separate directions, eventually tearing her apart.

In 615, Clotaire II promulgated the Edict of Paris, a sort of Frankish Magna Carta that reserved many rights to the Frankish nobles while it excluded Jews from all civil employment for the Crown.

The ban effectively placed all literacy in the Merovingian monarchy squarely under ecclesiastical control and also greatly pleased the nobles, from whose ranks the bishops were ordinarily exclusively drawn. Clotaire was induced by Warnachar and Rado to make the mayoralty of the palace a lifetime appointment at Bonneuil-sur-Marne, near Paris, in 617. By these actions, Clotaire lost his own legislative abilities and the great number of laws enacted in his reign are probably the result of the nobles' petitions, which the king had no authority not to heed.

In 623, he gave the kingdom of Austrasia to his young son Dagobert I. This was a political move as repayment for the support of Bishop Arnulf of Metz and Pepin I, mayor of the palace of Austrasia, the two leading Austrasian nobles, who were effectively granted semi-autonomy.

Clotaire II died in 629 after 45 years on the throne, longer than any other Merovingian dynast. He left the crown greatly reduced in power and prepared the way for the rise of the mayors and the rois fainéants.

[3458] AUREJAC.GED, Profession: de 0613 0629 Roi des Francs

"Holy Blood ... Holy Grail", chart 2, p 215, d 628, King of the Franks; had 3 wives

Encyclopedia Britannica on-line, Chlotar II

"Bloodline ..." p 168 Lothar II, d 629

3458] AUREJAC.GED, Profession: de 0613 0629 Roi des Francs

"Holy Blood ... Holy Grail", chart 2, p 215, d 628, King of the Franks; had 3 wives

Encyclopedia Britannica on-line, Chlotar II

"Bloodline ..." p 168 Lothar II, d 629

Rootsweb Feldman
URL: http://worldconnect.genealogy.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:3044567&id=I26400
# ID: I26400
# Name: Clothaire II Roi De Neustria Et FRANKS 1 2
# Sex: M
# Name: Clothaire II Roi de Neustria et FRANKS 3 4 5 6 2
# Birth: 584 1 3 4 5 6 2
# Death: 629 in 629 1 3 4 5 6 2
# Change Date: 15 JAN 2004 2
# Change Date: 20 SEP 2001 3 4 5 6 2
# Note:

[Joanne's Tree.1 GED.GED]

2 SOUR S332582
3 DATA
4 TEXT Date of Import: 14 Jan 2004

NSFX Signed the "Perpetual Constitution"
TYPE Book
AUTH Stuart, Roderick W.
PERI Royalty for Commoners
EDTN 3d
PUBL Genealogical Publishing co., Inc, Baltimore, MD (1998)
ISB 0-8063-1561-X
TEXT 303-48
ACED
DATE 613 - 628
DATE 19 MAY 2000

REFR
DATE 0584
PLAC King of Franks
RETO
DATE 0628
RELI Reign: 613-628
OCCU King of the FranksChlothar II of the Franks, King of the FranksAcceded: 584Died: 629Notes:King of Neustria.Father: , Chilperic I of the Franks, King of the FranksMother: , FredegundChild 1: ,
MerovechChild 2: , Dagobert I of the Franks, King of the FranksChild 3: , Charibert II of the Franks, King of the FranksReturn to the master surname alphabetic index.Return to the index for this
person.Return to the home page for royal data.---------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------Version: 14 Feb 99 Author: Brian Tompsett Sources:
bibliographyQuestion?: FAQ c 1994-99
DATE 27 AUG 1999

OCCU King of Soissons/Franks[Spare.FTW]

Father: Chilperic I De SOISSONS b: BEF 539
Mother: Fredegunde Cambresis NEUSTRIA b: 543 in France

Marriage 1 Beretrudis Queen Of FRANCONIA b: ABT 584

Children

1. Has Children Dagobert I The Great King Of AUSTRASIA b: ABT 602 in Metz, Austrasia, France
2. Has Children Charibert DE NEUSTRIA II b: 608

Sources:

1. Title: daveanthes.FTW
Note: ABBR daveanthes.FTW
Note: Source Media Type: Other
Repository:
Call Number:
Media: Book
Text: Date of Import: 14 Jan 2004
2. Title: Joanne's Tree.1 GED.GED
Repository:
Call Number:
Media: Other
Text: Date of Import: Feb 6, 2004
3. Title: daveanthes.FTW
Note: ABBR daveanthes.FTW
Note: Source Media Type: Other
Repository:
Call Number:
Media: Book
Text: Date of Import: Jan 13, 2004
4. Title: Spare.FTW
Repository:
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Media: Other
Text: Date of Import: Jan 17, 2004
5. Title: Spare.FTW
Repository:
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Media: Other
Text: Date of Import: Jan 18, 2004
6. Title: Spare.FTW
Repository:
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Media: Other
Text: Date of Import: 21 Jan 2004

Upon Clotaire's birth, his mother had his father assassinated and ruled Neustrie in his name. He became King of Soissons in 584, and was sole King of the Franks in 613. He had his aunt Brunehaut (sister of his father's second wife) killed. In the year 596, through his mother Fredegonde, Clotaire II's territories were extended in the East. In 599, King Theodebert II of Austrasia and King Thierry II of Burgundy joined forces to take revenge upon Clotaire II. The Army of Neustria is beatten and the entire valley of the Seine is devastated. As a result, Thierry II's territory increased by taking away from Clotaire II, the lands between the Seine and the Loire. Theodebert II takes the lands of the Duchy of Dentelin. In 604, the Mayor of the Palace, Bertaut arouses the subjects against the King of Burgundy and they call on Clotaire II for help. On Christmas Day, 604, Clotaire rushes to their aid and crosses the Seine and pushes all to way to Orleans. On his return, he encounters an Army of Bourgogne, and is defeated at Etampes at which battle Bertaut is killed. Because Theodebert had not intervened, actually he had made peace in Compiegne with Clotaire II, Thierry II took offense and the two brothers became less than thrilled with each other. Brunehaut, unhappy with Theodebert, names as next Mayor of the Palace a Gallo-Roman named Protadius. In 607, she pushed Thierry II to take up arms against his brother. During the battle, Protadius is killed and the two brothers make peace, humiliating their mother, Brunehaut. By 612, the brothers again were at war and Thierry II purchases Clotaire's neutrality by offering him the Duchy of Dentelin. In 613 Clotaire II invades Austrasia upon the death of Thierry II, kills two of Thierry's sons [the other two disappear] , and has Brunehaut killed after the lords of Burgundy seize her and give her to him. At her "trial" Clotaire II had accused Brunehaut of having caused the death of ten frankish Kings:
1. Sigebert her first spouse, who was assassinated [though through no fault of Brunehaut] ;
2. Merovee, the son of Chilperic I [who was actually assassinated on the orders of Fredegonde] ;
3. Chilperic [killed in 584, and through no part from Brunehaut] ;
4. Theodebert II
5. of his son Clotaire [it is possible that Brunehaut had Cloraire assassinated after he deserted her] ;
6. Merovee, son of Clotaire II [highly doubtful that Brunehaut had a part in this murder] ;
7. Thierry II and his three sons [Thierry died of dysentery, and 8-10. his three sons were massacred on the order of Clotaire II himself]. For 3 days, Clotaire II personally tortures Brunehaut, then he parades her tied cross-wise to the back of a camel in front of his entire assembled army. Finally, he had her hair, and limbs tied to a wild horse which was allowed to run within a confined space while being beaten, therebye causing every limb to be broken and shortly thereafter she died at age 60 to 65. At this time, Clotaire II becomes the only surviving descendant of the sons of Clovis. He governs the Frankish Kingdom from the Pyrenees to the Rhine and beyond all the way to the Elbe, and the germanic peoples must pay him tribute. However, his power is limitted as in each of the three ancient kingdoms [Austrasia, Neustria and Burgundy] the Major Domus [Mayor of the Palace] becomes progressively more important. Submitting to the pressure of these mayors, Clotaire, Clotaire II on 23 January 623 makes his son Dagobert, King of occidental Austrasia [West of the Vosges and the Ardennes] as well as of Aquitaine. Again under pressure, in 626, Clotaire gives Dagobert Gomatrude [his wife's sister] as spouse. Three days after the wedding, Dagobert claims all of Austrasia was his, but Clotaire keeps control over Provence and Aquitaine. Married before 603: Bertrude . Married before 604: Haldetrude ; Haldetrude was one of three wives.

Fils de Chilpéric Ier et de Frédégonde, Clotaire II devient roi de Neustrie à l'âge de quatre mois. Élevé en secret dans la villa royale de Vitry pour le protéger d'un éventuel assassinat, dont ses parents pensent que ses défunts frères ont été victimes, ainsi que d'ambitieux qui profiterait de sa mort pour engendrer un conflit de succession, il ne reçoit pas de nom à sa naissance ; ceci dans le but de ne pas propager d'inquiétude liée à la symbolique du nom mérovingien. Voulant choisir un parrain en fonction de l'évolution des troubles qui agitent le Regnum Francorum, son père ne le fait pas baptiser immédiatement[1]. En septembre 584, Chilpéric Ier est assassiné près de sa villa de Chelles, sur ordre de la reine Brunehilde[2], après une partie de chasse. Cette situation produit un désordre général. Les Grands de Neustrie pillent les trésors de Chilpéric, notamment son missorium d'or[3] et s'emparent de tous les documents importants, pour se réfugier en Austrasie. La princesse Rigonthe est attaquée à Toulouse par le duc Didier qui lui vole tout ce qui reste de sa dot, et en est réduite à abandonner son mariage avec Reccared[4]. Des guerres éclatent entre diverses cités rivales, ainsi Orléans et Blois se dressent contre Chartres et Châteaudun[5]. La reine Frédégonde réussit à sauver ses trésors personnels et les officiers Ansoald et Audon lui restent fidèles[6], contrairement au reste de l'aristocratie qui l'a abandonnée comme le chambrier Eberulf[7]. Elle fait voyager son fils de Vitry à Paris et envoie un message à Gontran pour qu'il accepte d'adopter l'enfant[8], âgé de quatre mois, et d'exercer la régence jusqu'à sa majorité. Childebert II, qui était proche de Meaux au moment du meurtre de Chilpéric, se déplace à Melun afin de prendre Paris, mais Gontran le devance. Des pourparlers s'engagent alors entre Childebert II, accompagné de Brunehilde, et Gontran dans le but de rentrer dans la ville, ce que leur refuse Gontran. Invoquant le régicide de Sigebert Ier, des princes Mérovée et Clovis et même de Chilpéric Ier, Brunehilde demande que Frédégonde leur soit livrée, ce que Gontran refuse également[9]. Un rassemblement des Grands de Neustrie se déroule sous l'autorité de Gontran et ils reconnaissent l'enfant de Frédégonde comme fils de Chilpéric Ier, bien que des doutes sur sa paternité demeurent[9],[10]. Ils lui donnent le nom de Clotaire[9], nom ayant été donné au père de Gontran et grand-père de Childebert II. Il est alors adopté par Gontran. L'officier Ansoald est chargé de reprendre le contrôle des villes neustriennes délaissées depuis la mort du roi. Elles font alors serment de fidélité à Gontran et à Clotaire[11]. Gontran tente de remettre de l'ordre dans les affaires de Neustrie : contre l'avis de Frédégonde et peut-être pour montrer son autorité[12], il redonne son siège épiscopal de Rouen à Prétextat et démet de ses fonctions Melaine qui le remplaçait. L'évêque Promotus de Châteaudun, dont le diocèse avait été rétrogradé en paroisse à la suite du concile de Paris en 573 pour avoir été nommé à ce poste au mépris des lois canoniques, réclame sa restitution après avoir été exilé à la mort de Sigebert Ier. Il ne récupère que ses biens personnels[13]. Le duc Gararic et le chambrier Eberon, envoyés par Brunehilde, réussissent à faire passer Limoges[14], Tours et Poitiers sous influence austrasienne grâce à l'aide de Grégoire de Tours et de Venance Fortunat[15]. Gontran envoie des troupes récupérer les cités perdues qui sont toutes reprises et retourne dans ses états. Frédégonde est envoyée dans la villa de Vaudreuil, dans le diocèse de Rouen[16]. Durant l'été 585, Gontran se déplace à Paris pour parrainer Clotaire durant son baptême et fait jurer à Frédégonde, trois évêques et trois cents aristocrates de Neustrie, que Clotaire II est bien fils de Chilpéric Ier. Mais le baptême est annulé. Un concile doit se réunir à Troyes mais les Austrasiens refusent d'y participer tant que Gontran ne déshérite pas Clotaire. Le concile est donc déplacé à Mâcon et a lieu le 23 octobre 585.

Frédégonde visite Prétextat sur son lit de mort par Lawrence Alma-Tadema.Alors que Gontran tente de s'emparer de la Septimanie wisigothique, Frédégonde tente de d'échapper à la surveillance de l'évêque Prétextat pour fuir Rouen. Il est poignardé sous l'aisselle durant une messe dominicale. N'expirant pas tout de suite, Frédégonde va se recueillir auprès de lui pour demander s'il a besoin de ses médecins. Celui-ci lui l'accuse ouvertement d'être à l'origine de son malheur et du meurtre des autres rois, et il jette une malédiction sur elle. L'évêque meurt peu après. La reine utilise alors sa liberté pour rallier à son fils des nobles et des évêques sous la menace d'une guerre contre Gontran. Elle réinstalle Melaine à Rouen malgré l'interdiction de Gontran[17] et réussit à reformer le royaume de Chilpéric.

Gontran tente d'affaiblir la Neustrie en débauchant une partie de l'aristocratie pour conserver les terres qu'il avait récupérées entre Loire et Seine par le ralliement du duc Beppolène à ses côtés[18]. En 587, il réussit à reprendre à la Neustrie les villes d'Angers, Saintes et Nantes[19]. Frédégonde tente alors de négocier la paix et envoie des ambassadeurs chargés de tuer Gontran. Ils sont arrêtés et Gontran rompt ses relations avec la Neustrie[20].

En 593, même s'il s'agit d'une présence symbolique car il n'a que neuf ans, Clotaire II apparaît à la tête de ses armées qui mettent en déroute le duc champenois Wintro qui cherchait à envahir la Neustrie. En 596, il ravage les environs de Paris. Sa mère meurt en 597 et ses cousins Thierry II et Théodebert II s'allient pour le battre à Dormelles (600) et le forcer à signer un traité qui ne lui laisse que les régions de Beauvais, Amiens et Rouen en royaume.

Une première tentative de reconquête de son royaume se solde par un échec et la mort de son fils Mérovée en 604. Clotaire change alors de stratégie et se rapproche de Thierry II en 607 et devient le parrain de Mérovée, un des fils de ce dernier. En 608, Thierry II renvoie son épouse wisigothe et se brouille avec son beau-père Wittéric, qui forme avec Clotaire II, Théodebert II et Agilulf, roi des Lombards une coalition contre Thierry II, mais qui n'est pas suivie d'effets.

La haine entre les deux frères Thierry II et Thibert II croît jusqu'à ce que ces derniers s'affrontent en 611. Thierry II demande l'aide de Clotaire, lui promettant la moitié nord de la Neustrie, écrase son frère en 612 et le fait exécuter ainsi que ses enfants. Comme convenu, Thierry donne à Clotaire le nord de la Neustrie, mais ne tarde pas à organiser une invasion de la Neustrie, quand il meurt de dysenterie à Metz. Ses troupes se dispersent immédiatement, et Brunehilde place sur le trône d'Austrasie son arrière petit-fils Sigebert II.

Supplice de la reine Brunehaut. Grandes Chroniques de France de Charles V. XIVe siècle. Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France.N'acceptant pas la tutelle de Brunehilde, les nobles austrasiens font appel à Clotaire II, qui envahit l'Austrasie, met la main sur le jeune roi et ses frères, qu'il fait massacrer à l'exception de son filleul Mérovée. Brunehilde paraît devant un tribunal pour être jugée du meurtre de dix rois : Sigebert Ier, Chilpéric Ier et son fils Mérovée, Théodebert II et son fils Clotaire (nommé Mérovée auparavant[21]), Mérovée, fils de Clotaire II, Thierry II et ses trois fils[22]. En réalité, le prince Childebert, un des fils de Thierry II, a réussi à s'enfuir mais passe pour mort. Sigebert Ier a été tué par des hommes de Frédégonde en 575 et Mérovée, fils de Chilpéric Ier, son second époux, a été abandonné à son sort après qu'elle se soit mariée avec lui en 577. Sa culpabilité dans la mort de Thierry II, que l'on soupçonne d'avoir été empoisonné, est également remise en cause car celui-ci est mort de maladie en 613. Ce procès ne fait que justifier la condamnation de l'accusée dont les Grands veulent se débarrasser. La déchéance suit le mode de déposition des rois où, depuis le Bas-Empire, le supplice est codifié de manière à faire perdre toute légitimité et rendre responsable l'accusée de tous les malheurs de son règne[23]. Ses vêtements royaux lui sont retirés[24], puis elle est torturée pendant trois jours[25]. Elle est montée sur le dos d'un chameau[26] et promenée parmi la troupe au milieu des insultes. Cette pratique est issue de l'époque romaine pour sanctionner les usurpateurs ou les indésirables. Le choix d'un chameau sert a rappeler l'exotisme de l'Orient avec lequel elle entretenait des relations notamment avec l'Empire byzantin et les Avars. Elle est attachée par les pieds à l'arrière d'un cheval indompté[27]. Cette mise à mort, rappelant une pratique thuringienne consistant à lier des prisonnières à des chevaux lancés au pas de course[28], ne correspond ni au droit romain ni au droit franc ou wisigoth. Il est possible que cette mise en scène soit réalisée de manière à rappeler que Brunehilde est étrangère. Son corps est ensuite brûlé, pour éviter qu'il ne fasse l'objet d'un culte dédié à une martyr[29].

Bien qu'il se retrouve seul roi des Francs, Clotaire II doit composer avec les particularismes régionaux. Le Maire du Palais, qui était auparavant un auxiliaire du roi, devient le chef de la noblesse neustrienne, austrasienne ou bourguignonne. En 623, les Austrasiens exigent d'avoir un roi particulier et Clotaire cède en nommant son fils Dagobert.

C’est du règne de Clotaire II que date l’inamovibilité des Maires du Palais (614) par l'édit du 18 octobre 614. Il meurt le 18 octobre 629, laissant le trône à son fils, Dagobert Ier.

Alors qu'il n'a quelques mois, il est proclamé roi suite à la mort de son père. La régence est donc confiée à sa mère Frédégonde qui se trouve vite en proie aux pires difficultés. Les nobles francs tenus en respect par le défunt roi, lui reprochent chaque jour davantage sa basse extraction et les sanguinaires intrigues par lesquelles elle avait obtenu son élévation.

Ne pouvant gouverner seule, elle fait appel à Gontran son beau-frère, qui contrôlait déjà la majorité du pays franc en ayant su entourer littéralement le pays de son neveu.

Gontran fait promulguer dès 587 par le traité d' Andelot, de nombreuses réformes visant à simplifier la gestion du royaume. Il voit là l'occasion de généraliser à tout le pays franc, ses idées. Malheureusement, déléguant une trop grosse partie des pouvoirs royaux aux puissants seigneurs terriens et aux maires du palais qui deviennent de véritables premiers ministres, les pouvoirs royaux deviennent moindres.

Gontran fait aussi reconnaître, sous le nom de Loi Salique une coutume selon laquelle le roi n'a plus à partager son royaume entre ses héritiers. Il doit désigner son seul et unique successeur. Au cas où il ne le ferait pas, la primogéniture mâle ou la plus proche parenté même jouerait.

Gontran meurt en 592, laissant son neveu sous la tutelle d'un conseil formé de leudes et de maires du palais. Frédégonde disparaît en 597, laissant son fils en proie à d'énormes difficultés et même plus maître en ses Etats.

Gontran ayant laissé la plus grande partie de ses possessions à son autre neveu, Childebert II roi d'Austrasie, c'est seulement à sa mort que Clotaire Il devient le seul maître de tout le pays franc.

Clotaire II a profité des années qui suivirent la mort de sa mère, jusqu'à son accession à la royauté totale en Francie, pour se débarrasser peu à peu de la tutelle que les leudes [1] faisaient peser sur lui.

Roi des Francs en 613. L'un de ses premiers actes, dès qu'il eut rassemblé l'héritage de Clovis, fut de basse vengeance; il fit saisir la malheureuse Brunehaut, et la fit mettre à mort, en offrande posthume aux mânes de sa mère.

De 613 à sa mort, survenue en 629, Clotaire Il gouverne un pays franc unifié, pacifié, si ce n'est de sourdes luttes d'influence entre le pouvoir central et ces leudes qu'il n'avait pu complètement supprimer, ayant besoin de nombreux administrateurs pour un si vaste Royaume.

Il doit sans cesse rappeler à l'ordre ces hauts fonctionnaires outrepassant trop fréquemment les instructions du roi et ayant un peu trop tendance à abuser de leur pouvoir pour lever des troupes et se créer une véritable principauté dans l'Etat.

Les maires doivent aussi être maintenus dans leurs charges, leur création étant le fait du Roi. Bien que singulièrement diminuées ces charges, constituaient encore une menace pour le trône.

Que le Roi relâche un instant sa pression, et ces messieurs en feraient à leur guise. Il faut savoir que chaque partie du Royaume franc (Neustrie, Bourgogne, Austrasie) avait un maire du palais, et que ces hauts fonctionnaires intriguaient tant qu'ils pouvaient pour discréditer leurs collègues et obtenir ainsi plusieurs mairies.

Le Roi doit donc se livrer à un subtil jeu diplomatique, faisant toujours attention à ce qu'un juste équilibre soit maintenu entre les maires, impuissants, seuls devant la volonté royale, mais combien dangereux s'ils avaient laissé leurs querelles pour s'unir.

A sa mort, Clotaire Il laisse les germes de la décadence mérovingienne dont le commencement sera retardé par l' action de son fils, le dernier grand roi de cette dynastie, Dagobert 1er.

[Ancestral Safari, Wm. G. Cook, Parke's Newsletter 1991 #3] as
Chlothaire II.
[] as Walter, King of Austrasia.. [Ahnentafel by Philippe Houdry, from
various sources, ver. 3 (Aug. 31, 1994) posted by Tom Camfield]:
Clotaire II le Grand (Chlothachar) ...

"Le, Jeune Le Grand"

{geni:occupation} King of Neustria (584-629), Paris (595-629), and the Franks (613-629)King of Neustria (584-629), Paris (595-629), and the Franks (613-629)

{geni:about_me} Ben M. Angel notes: Someone placed this person as having died at the "Abbaye de St. Vincent" in Paris, and buried in the Cathedral by the same name. First, no such cathedral. There is a church and abbey by the name of St. Vincent, but it's St Vincent de Paul, who lived a millennium after Clothar. The Franks can be argued as being forward looking, but probably not clairvoyant (certainly not to that degree). Death location has been left to Paris. Burial location has been left as unknown.

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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlothar_II

and in French: http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clotaire_II

Chlothar II (or Chlotar, Clothar, Clotaire, Chlotochar, or Hlothar, giving rise to Lothair; 584 – 629), called the Great (le Grand) or the Young (le Jeune), King of Neustria, and, from 613 to 629, King of all the Franks, was not yet born when his father, King Chilperic I died in 584. His mother, Fredegund, was regent until her death in 597, at which time the thirteen-year old Clotaire began to rule for himself. As king, he continued his mother's feud with Brunhilda, queen of Austrasia, with equal viciousness and bloodshed.

In 599, he made war with his cousins, Theuderic II of Burgundy and Theudebert II of Austrasia, who defeated him at Dormelles (near Montereau). At this point, however, the two brothers took up arms against each other. In 605, he invaded Theuderic's kingdom, but did not subdue it. He remained often at war with Theuderic and the latter died in Metz in late 613 while preparing a campaign against him. At that time, Warnachar, mayor of the palace of Austrasia, and Rado, mayor of the palace of Burgundy, abandoned the cause of Brunhilda and her great-grandson, Sigebert II, and the entire realm was delivered into Clotaire's hands. Brunhilda and Sigebert met Clotaire's army on the Aisne, but the Patrician Aletheus, Duke Rocco, and Duke Sigvald deserted the host and the grand old woman and her king had to flee. They got as far as the Orbe, but Clotaire's minions caught up with them by the lake Neuchâtel. Both of them and Sigebert's younger brother Corbo were executed by Clotaire's orders.

In that year, Clotaire II became the first king of all the Franks since his grandfather Clotaire I died in 561 by ordering the murder of the infant Sigebert II (son of Theuderic), whom the aging Brunhilda had attempted to set on the thrones of Austrasia and Burgundy, causing a rebellion among the nobility. This led to the delivery of Brunhilda into Clotaire's hands, his thirst for vengeance leading to his formidable old aunt enduring the agony of the rack for three whole days, before suffering a horrific death, chained between four horses that were goaded in separate directions, eventually tearing her apart.

In 615, Clotaire II promulgated the Edict of Paris, a sort of Frankish Magna Carta that reserved many rights to the Frankish nobles while it excluded Jews from all civil employment for the Crown. The ban effectively placed all literacy in the Merovingian monarchy squarely under ecclesiastical control and also greatly pleased the nobles, from whose ranks the bishops were ordinarily exclusively drawn. Clotaire was induced by Warnachar and Rado to make the mayoralty of the palace a lifetime appointment at Bonneuil-sur-Marne, near Paris, in 617. By these actions, Clotaire lost his own legislative abilities and the great number of laws enacted in his reign are probably the result of the nobles' petitions, which the king had no authority not to heed.

In 623, he gave the kingdom of Austrasia to his young son Dagobert I. This was a political move as repayment for the support of Bishop Arnulf of Metz and Pepin I, mayor of the palace of Austrasia, the two leading Austrasian nobles, who were effectively granted semi-autonomy.

Clotaire II died in 629 after 45 years on the throne, longer than any other Merovingian dynast. He left the crown greatly reduced in power and prepared the way for the rise of the mayors and the rois fainéants.

Marriage and issue

First wife of Chlothar II was Haldertude (575-604).They had the folowing son:

* Dagobert I

Second wife of Chlothar II was Bertrade.

Third wife of Chlothar II was Sichilde (Brynhilde). They had the following children:

* Charibert_II

* Oda

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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlothar_II

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Chlothar II (or Chlotar, Clothar, Clotaire, Chlotochar, or Hlothar, giving rise to Lothair; 584 – 629), called the Great (le Grand) or the Young (le Jeune), King of Neustria, and, from 613 to 629, King of all the Franks, was not yet born when his father, King Chilperic I died in 584. His mother, Fredegund, was regent until her death in 597, at which time the thirteen-year-old Chlothar began to rule for himself. As king, he continued his mother's feud with Brunhilda, queen of Austrasia, with equal viciousness and bloodshed.

Chlothar II died in 629 after 45 years on the throne, longer than any other Merovingian dynast save for his grandfather Chlotar I, who ruled from 511 to 561. He left the crown greatly reduced in power and prepared the way for the rise of the mayors and the rois fainéants. The first wife of Chlothar II was Haldetrude (ca 575–604). She was the mother of Dagobert I. Chlothar's second wife was Bertrada. His third wife was Sichilde, who bore him Charibert II and a daughter, Oda.

Sources:

* Bachrach, Bernard S. (1972). Merovingian Military Organization, 481–751. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, ISBN 0 81660 621 8.

* Geary, Patrick J. (1988). Before France and Germany: The Creation and Transformation of the Merovingian World. Oxford: Oxford University Press, ISBN 0 19504 458 4.

* James, Edward (1991). The Franks. London: Blackwell, ISBN 0 63114 872 8.

* Oman, Charles (1914). The Dark Ages, 476–918. London: Rivingtons.

* Wallace-Hadrill, J. M. (1962). The Long-Haired Kings, and Other Studies in Frankish History. London: Methuen.

* Wood, Ian N. (1994). The Merovingian Kingdoms, 450–751. London: Longman, ISBN 0 58221 878 0.

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Depiction: A treaty of King Chlothar II and the Lombards.

Chlothar II (or Chlotar, Clothar, Clotaire, Chlotochar, or Hlothar, giving rise to Lothair; 584 – 629), called the Great (le Grand) or the Young (le Jeune), King of Neustria, and, from 613 to 629, King of all the Franks, was not yet born when his father, King Chilperic I died in 584.

His mother, Fredegund, was regent until her death in 597, at which time the thirteen-year-old Chlothar began to rule for himself. As king, he continued his mother's feud with Brunhilda, queen of Austrasia, with equal viciousness and bloodshed.

The first wife of Chlothar II was Haldetrude (ca 575–604). She was the mother of Dagobert I.

Chlothar's second wife was Bertrada.

His third wife was Sichilde, who bore him Charibert II and a daughter, Oda.

Sources:

* Bachrach, Bernard S. (1972). Merovingian Military Organization, 481–751. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, ISBN 0 81660 621 8.

* Geary, Patrick J. (1988). Before France and Germany: The Creation and Transformation of the Merovingian World. Oxford: Oxford University Press, ISBN 0 19504 458 4.

* James, Edward (1991). The Franks. London: Blackwell, ISBN 0 63114 872 8.

* Oman, Charles (1914). The Dark Ages, 476–918. London: Rivingtons.

* Wallace-Hadrill, J. M. (1962). The Long-Haired Kings, and Other Studies in Frankish History. London: Methuen.

* Wood, Ian N. (1994). The Merovingian Kingdoms, 450–751. London: Longman, ISBN 0 58221 878 0.

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Rei da Austrasie (584-629) , Rei de todos os Francs (613-629)

Em 599, ele entrou em guerra contra seus primos, Teodorico II da Borgonha e Teodeberto II da Austrásia, que o derrotaram em Dormelles. A partir daí, no entanto, os dois irmãos entraram em guerra entre si. Em 605, ele invadiu o reino de Teodorico, mas não o subjugou. Clotário manteve o estado de guerra com Teodorico até este morrer em em Metz em 613 enquanto preparava uma campanha na guerra entre eles. Nesse momento, Warnachar, prefeito do palácio de Austrásia, e Rado, prefeito do palácio da Borgonha, abandonaram a causa de Brunilda e de seu bisneto, Sigeberto II, e o reino inteiro foi entregue nas mãos de Clotário. Brunilda e Sigeberto encontraram o exército de Clotário em Aisne, mas o patrício Aleteu, o duque Rocco e o duque Sigivaldo abandonaram seu senhor e sua bisavó, levando seu rei a ter que fugir.

Nesse ano (613), Clotário II tornou-se o primeiro rei de todos os francos desde seu avô Clotário I morto em 561 por ordenar a morte de Sigeberto II (filho de Teodorico), a quem Brunilda tinha tentado colocar no trono de Austrásia e da Borgonha, causando uma rebelião entre os nobres. Isto levou à entrega de Brunilda a Clotário e seu desejo de vingança levou sua temível tia à prolongada agonia da tortura por três dias, antes de uma morte horrível, acorrentada entre quatro cavalos que foram açoitados em quatro direções, rasgando o seu corpo.

Em 615, Clotário II promulgou o Édito de Paris, uma espécie de Magna Carta que reservava muitos direitos aos nobres francos enquanto escluía os judeus de qualquer trabalho ou atividade civil para a Coroa. A proibição efetivamente estabeleceu que toda a alfabetização na monarquia merovíngia estaria sob controle eclesiástico e também englobaria a nobreza, que geralmente fornecia os candidatos a bispo. Clotário foi induzido por Warnachar e Rado a tornar a prefeitura do palácio uma nomeação vitalícia em Bonneuil-sur-Marne, proximo a Paris, em 617. Por estas ações, Clotário perdeu sua própria capacidade legislativa e o grande número de leis promulgadas no seu reino são provavelmente o resultado de petições da nobreza, que o rei sem ter autoridade acatou.

Em 623, ele entregou o reino da Austrásia para seu filho mais jovem Dagoberto I. Isto foi um ato político como recompensa pela ajuda do bispo Arnulfo de Metz e de Pepino I, prefeito do palácio da Austrásia, os dois liderando a nobreza austrasiana, a quem efetivamente foi concedida uma semi-autonomia.

Clotário II morreu em 629 após 45 anos de reinado, o mais longo da dinastia merovíngia. Ele deixou a coroa com o poder enormemente reduzido e preparou o caminho para a ascensão dos prefeitos do palácio e para o surgimento dos rois fainéants.

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Merovingisk kung av Neustrien och ensam härskare över frankerna från 613. Ett spädbarn när hans far, Chilperik I, mördades i 584 var han försäkrade varandra av kraften i hans mor, Fredegund, och genom att skydda sin farbror, Guntram, kung av Burgund. Slåss mot en attack av sin kusin Childebert II av Austrasien-Bourgogne i 592, Chlotar själv grep territorium från Childebert unga efterträdare, Theodebert II och Theoderik II, 596 men förlorade mycket av sitt rike till dem i 599 eller 600. I 613, tillåts dock när båda var döda, austrasiske fientlighet mot Brynhild, mormorsmor av Theoderik unge son, Sigibert II, Chlotar att gripa både Austrasien och Bourgogne och därmed att återförena de frankiska landar. Han dödade både Sigibert och Brynhild.
Chlotar åtnjöt ett högt anseende bland präster, relationerna med vem, regleras i en omfattande påbud som utfärdas vid rådet i Paris i oktober 614 och som är avsedda att lösa problem som uppstår genom långa år av oroligheter. Bortsett från några problem i Bourgogne, var åren efter 613 faktiskt lugnt. Chlotar inte förena förvaltningen, dock, han upprätthöll separata borgmästare i slottet för tre distrikt över vilket han styrde, och 623 han etablerat sin son Dagobert I, som kung av Austrasien.

För att nämna denna sida: "Chlotar II" Encyclopædia Britannica
<http://www.britannica.com/eb/article?eu=84441&tocid=0&query=chlotar%20ii>

584King av Neustrien

613King i Frankrike

KING CLOTHAIRE II av Soissons (Chilperik I, Clothaire jag, Clovis jag, Childeric jag, Merovaeus, Clodion), son till kung Chilperik I och Fredegonda, föddes 584 och dog i 628 i Paris. Han gifte sig Altrude.

Kung av Soissons 584-613

Enda kung över frankerna 617-628

Han undertecknade "Perpetual konstitutionen" 614 / 5 (en tidig Magna Charta)
Barn: i. Dagobert I kung av Frankrike & Austrasien, b. i 602 d. i 638.
ii. Charibert II, hertig av Akvitanien

Chlothar II av Frankerna kung av frankerna, son till Chilperik I De Soissons kung av franker och Fredegonde, drottning av Frankerna (av SOISSON), föddes 584 och dog 629, vid 45 år. Ett annat namn för Chlothar var Clothaire II.

Noterade händelser i hans liv var:

Fakta 1: anslutit: 613. Kung av Neustrien. Enda kung 613-629.

Fakta 2: hade tre fruar.

Chlothar gift Brynhild.

Barn från detta äktenskap var:

*i. Merovech av Frankerna ()
*ii. St Ode av Frankerna ()
*iii. Charibert II av Frankerna Duc d'Aquitaine (död 632)

Chlothar nästa gift Haldetrude Haldetrude. Haldetrude föddes omkring 585 och dog 604, ca 19 år.

Noterade händelser i hennes liv var:

1. Ref: royalty för Comm. 1995, 303-48.

Barn från detta äktenskap var:

i. Dagobert I Austrasien King (född omkring 605 - dog 639)

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The Franks or the Frankish peoples were an ever-changing confederation of west Germanic tribes, such as the Salians, Sicambri, Chamavi, Tencteri, Chattuarii, Bructeri, Usipetes, Ampsivarii. The Salians, later preeminent among the tribes, were a "proto-Dutch" (Old Low Franconian) speaking people. The Franks first appeared in history around 260. Sometimes the Franks allied with non-Old Frankish speaking tribes as the Frisians and Chatti and occasionally with Saxons. They were not originally grouped into one tribe, but "as with the other barbarians, they belonged to much smaller groups that would join constantly changing confederations."[1]

Most of those peoples were living at the northern borders of the Rhine in, and opposite to the Insula Batavorum in a region then called "Francia" in the Panegyrici Latini. They formed a constant pressure on the Roman borders but also took active service in the Roman army, climbing up the ranks to dominating positions, such as at the time of Arbogastes. They slowly replaced the Batavians in their native domains and according to Ammianus Marcellinus expanded their territory on Roman soil to the delta of the Scheldt, where the Salians blocked grain supplies for the Roman Army. With later invasions of the Salians Chlodio and Childeric they moved up the Scheldt and homed around Tournai, from where those Salians finally conquered the Roman army, that was supported by other Franks.

The Merovingian family of Childeric united all Franks in Gaul and slowly expanded their influence to other territories until a new dynasty called the Carolingians took over and conquered a major part of western Europe. The location of Francia moved with the Franks untill finally around the year 1000 it became to be known as France.

Etymology

Some histories asserted that the Merovingian kings were descended from the Sicambri, a Germanic tribe, asserting that this tribe had changed their name to "Franks" in 11 BC, following their defeat and relocation by Drusus, under the leadership of a certain chieftain called Francio. The Chronicle of Fredegar is the earliest source for this chieftain, and it is widely agreed among historians (including A. C. Murray, Ian Woods, Rosamund McKitterick, and J. M. Wallace-Hadrill) that "Francio" is a Fredegarian invention.

The ethnonym has also been traced to *frankon (Old English franca), meaning "javelin, lance." This would compare to the seax (knife) after which the Saxons were named or the halberd (battle-axe) after which the Lombards may have been named. The throwing axe of the Franks is known as the francisca) but, conversely, the weapon may have been named after the tribe. A. C. Murray says, "The etymology of 'Franci' is uncertain ('the fierce ones' is the favourite explanation), but the name is undoubtedly of Germanic origin."[2]

The meaning of "free" (e.g. English frank, frankly, franklin) arose because, after the conquest of Gaul, only Franks had the status of freemen.

Earliest records of the Franks

The earliest Frankish history remains relatively unclear. Our main source, the Gallo-Roman chronicler Gregory of Tours, whose Historia Francorum (History of the Franks) covers the period up to 594, quotes from otherwise lost sources like Sulpicius Alexander and Frigeridus, and profits from Gregory's personal contact with many Frankish notables. Apart from Gregory's History, some surviving earlier Roman sources such as Ammianus and Sidonius Apollinaris mention the Franks.

Gregory states that the Franks originally lived in Pannonia, but later settled on the banks of the Rhine. Additional sources beginning with the 7th century Chronicle of Fredegar and the anonymous work called Gesta regnum Francorum (completed 727) likewise relate that a Cimmerian or Scythian tribe called the Sicambri migrated in prehistoric times from the mouth of the Danube on the Black Sea to the Rhine, where they took the name "Franks." This legend of a Scythian or Cimmerian background is not unique to the Franks; it is similar to the origin legends of many other European nations as well.

Modern scholars of the Völkerwanderung are in agreement that the Frankish confederacy emerged at the beginning of the third century out of the unification of various earlier, smaller groups, including the Sicambri, Usipetes, Tencterii, and Bructerii, who inhabited the lower Rhine valley and lands immediately to the east. The confederacy was a social development perhaps accelerated by increasing upheaval in the area arising from the war between Rome and the Marcomanni beginning in 166 and subsequent conflicts of the late second and the third centuries. A region in the northeast of today's Netherlands — north of the erstwhile Roman border — still bears the name Salland, and may have received that name from the Salians, who formed the core of the Frankish pirates.[citation needed]

Since the very end of the second century, Franks appear in Roman textual and archaeological sources and on Roman soil as both enemies and allies (laeti or dediticii). Around 250, one group of Franks, taking advantage of a weakened Roman Empire, penetrated as far as Tarragona in present-day Spain, plaguing this region for about a decade before Roman forces subdued them and expelled them from Roman territory. About forty years later, the Franks had the Scheldt region under control and were raiding the Channel, disrupting transportation to Britain. Roman forces pacified the region, but did not expel the Franks, who were feared as pirates along the shores at least till the time of Julian the Apostate (358), when some of them were settled as foederati in Toxandria according to a treaty with the Roman authority.[citation needed] They participated in the spectacular episode known as the Conspiratio Barbarica (367–369).[citation needed]

Language

The language spoken by the early Franks is best known as Old Low Franconian and is only attested in a few words from Latin texts and in personal names, but it left its imprint on many Old French and even Latin loanwords. It evolved into Old Low Franconian in the Low Countries, that again evolved in Old Dutch. In what is now Germany the Eastern Low Franconian dialects were slowly replaced from the 14th century by High German. From the 8th century it was replaced by Old French south of the language border. From the 10th century the language border slowly went north to the current Dutch-French language border.

There is no surviving work of literature in the Frankish language and no work may ever have existed. Latin was the written language of Gaul before and during the Frankish period. Of the Gallic works which survive, there are a few chronicles, many hagiographies and saints' lives, and a small corpus of poems.

Religion

The Franks originally followed a form of Germanic paganism, but in 496, their king, Clovis I, who had married a Burgundian Roman Catholic named Clotilda, was baptised into the Catholic faith by Saint Remi. This event had an immense impact on the history of Europe, for at the time the Franks were the only major Germanic tribe in communion with Rome. Their contemporary rivals, the Ostrogoths, Visigoths, and Lombards, were of the Arian persuasion, and this led the catholic church to support the Franks.

Art and architecture

Gelasian Sacramentary, c.750.Frankish art and architecture belong to that phase of European art called Migration Period art. It was followed by a period called the Pre-Romanesque.

Very little is preserved in the way of Frankish architecture of the Merovingian period. The works of Gregory of Tours praise the churches of his day, but the most commonly given example of Merovingian architecture is a baptistery dedicated to Saint John in Poitiers. It is a small building with little pattern or cohesive style, it is largely a hodgepodge of borrowed Roman devices.

What is preserved of the visual and plastic arts largely consists of jewellery (such as brooches), weapons (such as swords with decorative hilts), and apparel (such as capes and sandals) found in grave sites, such as the famous grave of the queen Aregund, discovered 1959. Not many illuminated manuscripts survive from the Merovingian period, though the few that do contain a great deal of zoomorphic representations.

Law

By the sixth century, there persisted two basic legal subdivisions within the Frankish nation: the Salian and the Ripuarian, following the Lex Salica and the Lex Ribuaria respectively. By the ninth century, if not earlier, this division had in practice become virtually non-existent but continued, for some time, to have implications for the legal system under which a person could go on trial.

Politics

The early political history of the Franks is largely unknown. The earliest recorded tribal chieftains have more to do with legend than fact. What is clear, is that Frankish chieftains from the late fifth century had as a goal the unification of their confederacy under one king, in like manner to the Goths and Vandals who had established kingdoms on former Roman territory.

Merovingians

The first Frankish chief to make himself "King of the Franks" (rex Francorum) was Clovis I in 509. He had conquered the Kingdom of Soissons of the Roman general Syagrius and expelled the Visigoths from southern Gaul at the Battle of Vouillé, thus establishing Frankish hegemony over all of Gaul save Burgundy, Provence, and Brittany, which he left to his successors, the Merovingians, to conquer.

Clovis divided his realm between his four sons in a manner which would become familiar, as his sons and grandsons in turn divided their kingdoms between their sons. Clovis' sons united to defeat Burgundy in 534, but internecine feuding came to the fore during the reigns of the brothers Sigebert I and Chilperic I and their sons and grandsons, largely fueled by the rivalry of the queens Fredegunda and Brunhilda. This period saw the emergence of three distinct regna (realms or subkingdoms): Austrasia, Neustria, and Burgundy. Each region developed in its own way and often sought to exert influence over the others. The rising star of the Arnulfing clan of Austrasia meant that the centre of political gravity in the kingdom gradually shifted eastwards from Paris and Tours to the Rhineland.

The Frankish realm was united again in 613 by Chlothar II, son of Chilperic. Chlothar granted the Edict of Paris to the nobles in an effort to cut down on corruption and unite his vast realm under his authority. After the militarily successful reign of his son and successor Dagobert I, royal authority rapidly declined under a series of kings traditionally known as rois fainéants. By 687, after the Battle of Tertry, the chronicler could say that the mayor of the palace, formerly the king's chief household official, "reigned." Finally, in 751, with the approval of the papacy and the nobility, the mayor Pepin the Short deposed the last Meroving, Childeric III, and had himself crowned, inaugurating a new dynasty, the Carolingians.

Carolingian legacy

The unification of most of what is now western and central Europe under one chief ruler provided a fertile ground for the continuation of what is known as the Carolingian Renaissance. Despite the almost constant internecine warfare that the Carolingian Empire endured, the extension of Frankish rule and Roman Christianity over such a large area ensured a fundamental unity throughout the Empire. Each part of the Carolingian Empire developed differently; Frankish government and culture depended very much upon individual rulers and their aims. Those aims shifted as easily as the changing political alliances within the Frankish leading families. However, those families, the Carolingians included, all shared the same basic beliefs and ideas of government. These ideas and beliefs had their roots in a background that drew from both Roman and Germanic tradition, a tradition that began before the Carolingian ascent and continued to some extent even after the deaths of Louis the Pious and his sons.

Crusaders and other Western Europeans as "Franks"

Because the Frankish kingdom dominated Western Europe for centuries, terms derived from "Frank" were used by many in Eastern Europe, the Middle East, and beyond as a synonym for Roman Christians (e.g., al-Faranj in Arabic, farangi in Persian, Frenk in Turkish, Feringhi in Hindustani, and Frangos in Greek). See also Thai ฝรั่ง farang[1]. During the crusades, which were at first led mostly by nobles from northern France who claimed descent from Charlemagne, both Muslims and Christians used these terms as ethnonyms to describe the Crusaders. This usage is often followed by modern historians, who call Western Europeans in the eastern Mediterranean "Franks" regardless of their country of origin. Compare with Rhomaios, Rûmi ("Roman"), used for Orthodox Christians. Catholics on various islands in Greece are still referred to as Φραγκοι, "Frangoi" (Franks). Examples include the naming of a Catholic from the Island of Syros as "Frangosyrianos" (Φραγκοσυριανος).

Sources

Geary, Patrick J. Before France and Germany: the Creation and Transformation of the Merovingian World. New York: Oxford University Press, 1988. ISBN 0-19-504458-4.

Lewis, Archibald R. "The Dukes in the Regnum Francorum, A.D. 550–751." Speculum, Vol. 51, No 3 (July 1976), pp 381–410.

James, Edward. The Franks. (Peoples of Europe series) Basil Blackwell, 1988. ISBN 0-631-17936-4.

Wallace-Hadrill, J. M. The Barbarian West. London: Hutchinson, 1970.

Wallace-Hadrill, J. M. The Long-Haired Kings. London: Butler & tanner Ltd, 1962.

Collins, Roger. Early Medieval Europe 300–1000. London: MacMillan, 1991.

Murray, Archibald C. and Goffart, Walter A. After Rome's Fall: Narrators and Sources of Early Medieval History. 1999.

C.E.V. Nixon and Barbara Rodgers In Praise of Later Roman Emperors, Berkeley 1994

Ammianus Marcellinus History, Loeb Classical library, translation John C. Rolf

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Clotaire II was not yet born when his father, King Chilperic I died in 584. His mother, Queen Fredegonde, administered his kingdom until her death in 597. At age 13, Clotaire II began to rule for himself.

In 613 Clotaire II became the first king of all the Franks since his grandfather Clotaire I died in 561 by ordering the murder of Sigebert II who had ascended to the thrones of Austrasia and Burgundia.

In 615, Clotaire II promulgated the Edict of Paris, a sort of Frankish Magna Carta that reserved many rights to the Frankish nobles while it excluded Jews from all civil employment for the Crown, a ban which placed all the literacy available to the Merovingian monarchy squarely under ecclesiastical control and also greatly pleased the nobles, from whose ranks the bishops were ordinarily exclusively drawn. Then, in 623 he gave the kingdom of Austrasia to his young son Dagobert I. This was a political move as repayment for the support of Bishop Arnulf of Metz and Pepin I, Mayor of the Palace of Austrasia, the two leading Austrasian nobles, who were effectively granted semi-autonomy.

Clotaire II died in 629.

---

King of Soissons 584-613

King of the Franks 613-629

When his father, King Chilperic I of Soissons died in 584, Chlotar wasnot yet even born. Until 597, his kingdom was administered by his mother,Queen Fredegund, but when she died that year he bagan to rule for himself, now 13 years old. In 613, the Austrasian and Burgundian kings,Theudebert II and Theuderic II respectively, had died, and Queen Brunhild had placed the young Sigebert II on the throne of those two kingdoms.That year, the 29 year old Chlotar had Sigebert and Brunhild killed, and became the first king of all the Franks since his grandfather Chlotar Idied in 561.

In 615, Chlotar passed the Edict of Paris, a sort of French Magna Carta that greatly pleased the nobles across the kingdom. In 623, he gave the kingdom of Austrasia to his young son Dagobert I, which was a political move giving Pepin I, Mayor of the Palace of Austrasia, and Bishop Arnulfof Metz, the two leading Austrasian nobles, semi-autonomy for their loyalty to Chlotar. In 629, Chlotar died and Dagobert became sole king, moving his capital from Austrasia to Paris.
--------------------
His ancestry is provided elsewhere in this tree.

Clothaire's father was Chilperic I Soissons Franks and his mother was Fredegunde Franks. His paternal grandparents were Chlotar I (The Old) Franks and Radegonde (Ingunde) Thuringian de Ingonde; his maternal grandparents were Brunulphe Earlin and Crotechilde de Ostrogoths.
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Clotário II

Rei de todos os francos (613-629)

Rei da Nêustria (584-629)

Nascimento Junho de 584, Cambrai

Morte 18 de Outubro de 629

Sepultura Saint-Germain-des-Prés

Clotário II (◊ Junho de 584 † 18 de Outubro de 629) (em francês Clotaire II), chamado o Grande ou o Jovem, rei de Nêustria e a partir de 613 a 629 rei de todos os francos. Ainda não havia nascido quando seu pai, o rei Chilperico I, morreu em 584. Sua mãe, a rainha Fredegunda, foi regente até morrer em 597, passando então Clotário II a governar aos 13 anos. Como rei, ele continuou a contenda de sua mãe com a rainha Brunilda com igual crueldade e derramamento de sangue.

Em 599, ele entrou em guerra contra seus primos, Teodorico II da Borgonha e Teodeberto II da Austrásia, que o derrotaram em Dormelles. A partir daí, no entanto, os dois irmãos entraram em guerra entre si. Em 605, ele invadiu o reino de Teodorico, mas não o subjugou. Clotário manteve o estado de guerra com Teodorico até este morrer em em Metz em 613 enquanto preparava uma campanha na guerra entre eles. Nesse momento, Warnachar, prefeito do palácio de Austrásia, e Rado, prefeito do palácio da Borgonha, abandonaram a causa de Brunilda e de seu bisneto, Sigeberto II, e o reino inteiro foi entregue nas mãos de Clotário. Brunilda e Sigeberto encontraram o exército de Clotário em Aisne, mas o patrício Aleteu, o duque Rocco e o duque Sigivaldo abandonaram seu senhor e sua bisavó, levando seu rei a ter que fugir.

Clotaire II

Rei da França (584-629).Nesse ano (613), Clotário II tornou-se o primeiro rei de todos os francos desde seu avô Clotário I morto em 561 por ordenar a morte de Sigeberto II (filho de Teodorico), a quem Brunilda tinha tentado colocar no trono de Austrásia e da Borgonha, causando uma rebelião entre os nobres. Isto levou à entrega de Brunilda a Clotário e seu desejo de vingança levou sua temível tia à prolongada agonia da tortura por três dias, antes de uma morte horrível, acorrentada entre quatro cavalos que foram açoitados em quatro direções, rasgando o seu corpo.

Em 615, Clotário II promulgou o Édito de Paris, uma espécie de Magna Carta que reservava muitos direitos aos nobres francos enquanto escluía os judeus de qualquer trabalho ou atividade civil para a Coroa. A proibição efetivamente estabeleceu que toda a alfabetização na monarquia merovíngia estaria sob controle eclesiástico e também englobaria a nobreza, que geralmente fornecia os candidatos a bispo. Clotário foi induzido por Warnachar e Rado a tornar a prefeitura do palácio uma nomeação vitalícia em Bonneuil-sur-Marne, proximo a Paris, em 617. Por estas ações, Clotário perdeu sua própria capacidade legislativa e o grande número de leis promulgadas no seu reino são provavelmente o resultado de petições da nobreza, que o rei sem ter autoridade acatou.

Em 623, ele entregou o reino da Austrásia para seu filho mais jovem Dagoberto I. Isto foi um ato político como recompensa pela ajuda do bispo Arnulfo de Metz e de Pepino I, prefeito do palácio da Austrásia, os dois liderando a nobreza austrasiana, a quem efetivamente foi concedida uma semi-autonomia.

Clotário II morreu em 629 após 45 anos de reinado, o mais longo da dinastia merovíngia. Ele deixou a coroa com o poder enormemente reduzido e preparou o caminho para a ascensão dos prefeitos do palácio e para o surgimento dos rois fainéants.

Índice [esconder]

1 Pais

2 Casamentos e filhos

3 Ver também

4 Ligações externas

[editar] Pais

♂ Chilperico I (◊ 539 † 584)

♀ Fredegunda (◊ 545 † 597)

[editar] Casamentos e filhos

em 599 com Haldetrude (◊ ? † 604)

♂ Meroveu (◊ 599 † ?)

em 602 com Bertrude (◊ c. 590 † c. 618) filha de Rocomero da Borgonha

♂ Dagoberto I (◊ 604 † 639)

♂ Cariberto II (◊ c. 606 † 632)

em 619 com Sichilde (◊ c. 590 † depois de 627)

♂ Eteraldo (◊ ? † ?)

♂ ? morreu ainda criança
--------------------
Clothaire II Of Franks 1
•Sex: M
•Title: King of Franks
•Birth: 584 1 2
•Death: 10 OCT 629 in Paris, Seine, France 1
•Burial: AFT 10 OCT 629 Saint Germain des Pres 1

Father: Chilperic Of Neustria I b: ABT 538 in Soissons, Aisne, France
Mother: Fredegonda b: 543

Marriage 1 Altrude b: ABT 584
Children
1. Dagobert Of Austrasia b: 602

Sources:
--------------------
b. , May or June 584

d. Oct. 18, 629

Merovingian king of Neustria and sole ruler of the Franks from 613.

An infant when his father, Chilperic I, was assassinated in 584, he was assured the succession by the power of his mother, Fredegund, and by the protection of his uncle, Guntram, king of Burgundy. Fighting off an attack by his cousin Childebert II of Austrasia-Burgundy in 592, Chlotar himself seized territory from Childebert's young successors, Theodebert II and Theodoric II, in 596 but lost much of his realm to them in 599 or 600. In 613, however, when both were dead, Austrasian hostility toward Brunhild, great-grandmother of Theodoric's young son, Sigebert II, allowed Chlotar to seize both Austrasia and Burgundy and thus to reunitethe Frankish lands. He killed both Sigebert and Brunhild.

Chlotar enjoyed a high reputation among churchmen, relations with whom were regulated in a wide-ranging edict issued at the Council of Paris in October 614 and intended to settle the problems arising from the long years of turmoil. Apart from some trouble in Burgundy, the years after 613 were in fact peaceful. Chlotar did not unify the administration,however; he maintained separate mayors of the palace for the three districts over which he ruled, and in 623 he established his son,Dagobert I, as king of Austrasia.

Copyright c 1994-2001 Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.

Frankish king, son of Chilperic I and Fredegunde. He succeeded (584) his father as king of Neustria, but his mother ruled for him until her death (597). In 613, after the death of his cousin Theodoric II, king of Austrasia, he was called in by Austrasian nobles to assume rule. He thus became king of all the Franks. He put Brunhilda to death, restored peace with the help of the nobility, and was compelled to grant (614) a charter giving far-reaching privileges to nobles and clergy. He was also forced to agree that each of the component parts of the Frankish lands, Austrasia, Neustria, and Burgundy, was to have its own mayor of the palace; the mayors of the palace were the chief royal

administrators. In 623 he sent his son Dagobert I to be king of Austrasia. Dagobert later succeeded to all the Frankish lands.

The Columbia Encyclopedia, Fifth Edition

Source: THE RUFUS PARKS PEDIGREE by Brian J.L. Berry, chart pg 61.

Page 66:

7. CHLOTAIRE II, alive 584-628, succeeded as a child to the rule of Neustria, with his headquarters in Paris. His uncle Siegbert of Austrasin was already dead but his widow Brunhilde, FRèDEGONDE'S sister, kept the feud alive until her own death in 619, when CHLOTAIRE assumed control of Neustria, acquired Burgundy and became sole ruler of Francia. In 614 he convoked a council in Paris which promulgated a Magna Carta which increased the powers of the Church and the nobility. The meeting was the most important of the Merovingian epoch. CHLOTAIRE mar. BERTRUDE who d. 620.

_P_CCINFO 1-2782

from Wikipedia
http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=document&guid=30963b32-39c5-4635-9985-2954bcb8e8b2&tid=6650027&pid=-1178899284

Clotário II (? Junho de 584 † 18 de Outubro de 629) (em francês Clotaire II), chamado o Grande ou o Jovem, rei de Nêustria e a partir de 613 a 629 rei de todos os francos. Ainda não havia nascido quando seu pai, o rei Chilperico I, morreu em 584. Sua mãe, a rainha Fredegunda, foi regente até morrer em 597, passando então Clotário II a governar aos 13 anos. Como rei, ele continuou a contenda de sua mãe com a rainha Brunilda com igual crueldade e derramamento de sangue.

Em 599, ele entrou em guerra contra seus primos, Teodorico II da Borgonha e Teodeberto II da Austrásia, que o derrotaram em Dormelles. A partir daí, no entanto, os dois irmãos entraram em guerra entre si. Em 605, ele invadiu o reino de Teodorico, mas não o subjugou. Clotário manteve o estado de guerra com Teodorico até este morrer em em Metz em 613 enquanto preparava uma campanha na guerra entre eles. Nesse momento, Warnachar, prefeito do palácio de Austrásia, e Rado, prefeito do palácio da Borgonha, abandonaram a causa de Brunilda e de seu bisneto, Sigeberto II, e o reino inteiro foi entregue nas mãos de Clotário. Brunilda e Sigeberto encontraram o exército de Clotário em Aisne, mas o patrício Aleteu, o duque Rocco e o duque Sigivaldo abandonaram seu senhor e sua bisavó, levando seu rei a ter que fugir.

Nesse ano (613), Clotário II tornou-se o primeiro rei de todos os francos desde seu avô Clotário I morto em 561 por ordenar a morte de Sigeberto II (filho de Teodorico), a quem Brunilda tinha tentado colocar no trono de Austrásia e da Borgonha, causando uma rebelião entre os nobres. Isto levou à entrega de Brunilda a Clotário e seu desejo de vingança levou sua temível tia à prolongada agonia da tortura por três dias, antes de uma morte horrível, acorrentada entre quatro cavalos que foram açoitados em quatro direções, rasgando o seu corpo.

Em 615, Clotário II promulgou o Édito de Paris, uma espécie de Magna Carta que reservava muitos direitos aos nobres francos enquanto escluía os judeus de qualquer trabalho ou atividade civil para a Coroa. A proibição efetivamente estabeleceu que toda a alfabetização na monarquia merovíngia estaria sob controle eclesiástico e também englobaria a nobreza, que geralmente fornecia os candidatos a bispo. Clotário foi induzido por Warnachar e Rado a tornar a prefeitura do palácio uma nomeação vitalícia em Bonneuil-sur-Marne, proximo a Paris, em 617. Por estas ações, Clotário perdeu sua própria capacidade legislativa e o grande número de leis promulgadas no seu reino são provavelmente o resultado de petições da nobreza, que o rei sem ter autoridade acatou.

Em 623, ele entregou o reino da Austrásia para seu filho mais jovem Dagoberto I. Isto foi um ato político como recompensa pela ajuda do bispo Arnulfo de Metz e de Pepino I, prefeito do palácio da Austrásia, os dois liderando a nobreza austrasiana, a quem efetivamente foi concedida uma semi-autonomia.

Clotário II morreu em 629 após 45 anos de reinado, o mais longo da dinastia merovíngia. Ele deixou a coroa com o poder enormemente reduzido e preparou o caminho para a ascensão dos prefeitos do palácio e para o surgimento dos rois fainéants.

Clotaire_II_Lombards
http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=image&guid=5c9f57fb-7d5f-4135-b6e4-c34fcc262703&tid=8764362&pid=-687687361

A treaty of King Clotaire II and the Lombards.
http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=image&guid=1a6bd278-f267-4150-b3eb-0c250280fd7b&tid=8764362&pid=-687687361

Chlothar II
http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=document&guid=8bac8c9f-649e-4a9d-bfb7-eac4ad1f660b&tid=8764362&pid=-687687361

prt of life story
http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=document&guid=bbc23b4f-861c-4652-89ed-784e41cb7c00&tid=8764362&pid=-687687361

Clothaire II King of All Franks
http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=document&guid=3effe4b8-11e5-4217-813c-4cfe0afa4478&tid=8764362&pid=-687687361

Chlotarius II 'de Grote' der Merovingen-59236 [Parents] was born in 584. He died on 4 Jan 629. He married Bertrude-64335. Other marriages: , Haldetrude , Sichilda

SOURCE NOTES:
http://www.american-pictures.com/genealogy/persons/per03536.htm#0
http://www.gendex.com/users/Enf_Bry/i1165.html#I30304
http://www.claude.barret.net/html/dat1.htm#8

_P_CCINFO 1-20792

[FAVthomas.FTW]

Merovingian king of Neustria and sole ruler of the Franks from 613. Aninfant when his father, Chilperic I, was assassinated in 584, he wasassured the succession by the power of his mother, Fredegund, and by theprotection of his uncle, Guntram, king of Burgundy. Fighting off anattack by his cousin Childebert II of Austrasia-Burgundy in 592, Chlotarhimself seized territory from Childebert's young successors, TheodebertII and Theodoric II, in 596 but lost much of his realm to them in 599 or600. In 613, however, when both were dead, Austrasian hostility towardBrunhild, great-grandmother of Theodoric's young son, Sigebert II,allowed Chlotar to seize both Austrasia and Burgundy and thus to reunitethe Frankish lands. He killed both Sigebert and Brunhild.
Chlotar enjoyed a high reputation among churchmen, relations with whomwere regulated in a wide-ranging edict issued at the Council of Paris inOctober 614 and intended to settle the problems arising from the longyears of turmoil. Apart from some trouble in Burgundy, the years after613 were in fact peaceful. Chlotar did not unify the administration,however; he maintained separate mayors of the palace for the threedistricts over which he ruled, and in 623 he established his son,Dagobert I, as king of Austrasia.

To cite this page: "Chlotar II" Encyclopædia Britannica
<http://www.britannica.com/eb/article?eu=84441&tocid=0&query=chlotar%20ii>
584King of Neustria
613King of France

KING CLOTHAIRE II OF SOISSONS (Chilperic I , Clothaire I, Clovis I,Childeric I, Merovaeus, Clodion), son of King Chilperic I and Fredegonda,was born in 584, and died in 628 in Paris. He married Altrude.
King of Soissons 584-613
Sole king of the Franks 617-628
He signed the "Perpetual Constitution" 614/5 (an early Magna Charta)
Children: i. DAGOBERT I King of France & AUSTRASIA, b. in 602; d. in 638.
ii. Charibert II, Duke of AQUITAINE

Chlothar II of The Franks King of Franks , son of Chilperic I De SoissonsKing of Franks and Fredegonde, Queen of The Franks (of Soisson), was bornin 584 and died in 629, at age 45. Another name for Chlothar wasClothaire II.

Noted events in his life were:

Fact 1: Acceded: 613. King of Neustria. Sole King 613-629.

Fact 2: Had Three Wives.

Chlothar married Brynhild.

Children from this marriage were:

i. Merovech of The Franks ()
ii. St. Ode of The Franks ()
iii. Charibert II of The Franks Duc d'Aquitaine (died in 632)

Chlothar next married Haldetrude Haldetrude. Haldetrude was born about585 and died in 604, about age 19.

Noted events in her life were:

1. Ref: Royalty For Comm. 1995, 303-48.

Children from this marriage were:

i. Dagobert I of Austrasia King (born about 605 - died in 639)

Chlothar II
http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=document&guid=c75a49d9-ad37-4cef-9791-e3df2950abf0&tid=8764362&pid=-687687361

Clothar II
http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=image&guid=f6b94bee-316e-434f-8199-55133c185279&tid=8764362&pid=-687687361

Koning van Neustrië (01-09-584). Koning van het gehele Frankische rijk (613-629). Hij is overleden tussen 10-629 en 04-630.

Chlotarius II (584-629) was een zoon van Chilperik en Fredegonde. Hij werd geboren in het voorjaar van 584 en was enkele maanden oud toen zijn vader Chilperik stierf. Hij werd de Neustrische koning met zijn moeder Fredegonde als regentes.
In 597 overleed zijn moeder. De nieuwe regentes was onbekend. In 598 werd hij meerderjarig. Koning Chlotarius en zijn hofmeier Pippijn vallen de Austrasische en Bourgondische koningen Theodebert en Theodorik aan. Zij vielen Chlotarius nog eens aan, maar raakten in oorlog. In voorjaar 612 werd Theodebert vermoord.
Theodorik was koning van het hele rijk op het rijk van Chlotarius na. Wel was hij een groot gevaar. Dit duurde slechts enkele maanden. Toen stierf hij onverwacht. Sigebert, zoon van Theodebert, werd koning van beide landen.
In 613 viel Chlotarius Sigebert en zijn overgrootmoeder/regentes Brunhilde aan. Hij doodde hen en na 52 jaar was het rijk weer een.
Tien jaar later dwongen de Austrasische edelen zijn 15 jaar oude zoon Dagobert tot Austrasisch koning te maken. Na een paar jaar ontwikkelde die zich tot een sterke leider en hij verwierf ook Bourgondië. Bij de dood van Chlotarius, najaar 629, werd Neustrie voor Dagobert en Aquitanie (West-Bourgondie) voor Charibert, de tweede zoon van Chlotarius, die 19 was. Dit was het eind van een groot vorst.
Clotaire II (584-629), called the Great (le Grand) or the Young (le Jeune), King of Neustria, and from 613-629 King of all the Franks, was not yet born when his father, King Chilperic I died in 584. His mother, Queen Fredegonde, was regent until her death in 597, at which time the thirteen year old Clotaire II began to rule for himself. As King, he continued his mother's feud with Queen Brunhilda of Austrasia with equal viciousness and bloodshed.
In 599, he made war with his cousins, Theuderic II of Burgundy and Theudebert II of Austrasia, who defeated him at Dormelles (near Montereau). At this point, however, the two brothers took up arms against each other. In 605, he invaded Theuderic's kingdom, but did not subdue it. He remained often at war with Theuderic and the latter died in Metz in late 613 while preparing a campaign against him. At that time, Warnachar, mayor of the palace of Austrasia, and Rado, mayor of the palace of Burgundy, abandoned the cause of Brunhilda and her great-grandson, Sigebert II, and the entire realm was delivered into Clotaire's hands. Brunhilda and Sigebert met Clotaire's army on the Aisne, but the Patrician Aletheus, Duke Rocco, and Duke Sigvald deserted the host and the grand old woman and her king had to flee. As far as the Orbe they got, but Clotaire's minions caught up with them by the lake Neuchâtel. Both of them and Sigebert's younger brother Corbo were executed by Clotaire's orders.
In that year, Clotaire II became the first king of all the Franks since his grandfather Clotaire I died in 561 by ordering the murder of the infant Sigebert II (son of Theuderic), whom the aging Brunhilda had attempted to set on the thrones of Austrasia and Burgundy, causing a rebellion among the nobility. This led to the delivery of Brunhilda into Clotaire's hands, his thirst for vengeance leading to his formidable old aunt enduring the agony of the rack for three whole days, before suffering a horrific death, chained between four horses that were goaded in separate directions, eventually tearing her apart.
In 615, Clotaire II promulgated the Edict of Paris, a sort of Frankish Magna Carta that reserved many rights to the Frankish nobles while it excluded Jews from all civil employment for the Crown. The ban effectively placed all literacy in the Merovingian monarchy squarely under ecclesiastical control and also greatly pleased the nobles, from whose ranks the bishops were ordinarily exclusively drawn. Clotaire was induced by Warnachar and Rado to make the mayoralty of the palace a lifetime appointment at Bonneuil-sur-Marne, near Paris, in 617. By these actions, Clotaire lost his own legislative abilities and the great number of laws enacted in his reign are probably the result of the nobles' petitions, which the king had no authority not to heed.
In 623, he gave the kingdom of Austrasia to his young son Dagobert I. This was a political move as repayment for the support of Bishop Arnulf of Metz and Pepin I, mayor of the palace of Austrasia, the two leading Austrasian nobles, who were effectively granted semi-autonomy.
Clotaire II died in 629 after 45 years on the throne, longer than any other Merovingian dynast. He left the crown greatly reduced in power and prepared the way for the rise of the mayors and the rois fainéants.
This individual was found on GenCircles at: http://www.gencircles.com/users/robgomes/3/data/11199

wissel: 20 april 2006

PCI : Clotaire (Chlothachar), IIe du nom, fils de Chilperic Ier et de Frédégonde, sa troisième épouse, né au printemps 584 (2), roi des Francs (Soissons, Rouen, Cambrai, Tournai, etc.) à la mort de son père la même année (3), sous la tutelle de sa mère. Sa première apparition date de 593. Cette année-là, à la tête de son armée (de façon symbolique sans doute, puisqu'il n'avait que 9 ans), il met en déroute les hommes du duc de Champagne Wintrio qui tentaient d'envahir ses Etats. Peu après, en 596, accompagné de sa mère, il se jette sans déclaration préalable sur Paris et sa région qu'il met à sac. Cette victoire fut sans lendemain. En 600, Frédégonde étant disparue depuis trois ans, les deux cousins de Clotaire, les rois Theoderic et Theodebert s'allient contre lui, taillant son armée en pièces à Dormelles. Clotaire ne peut s'échapper qu'à grand peine et doit ensuite signer un traité désastreux qui ne lui laisse plus guère en fait de royaume que douze pagi entre la Seine, l'Oise et la Manche (Beauvais, Amiens et Rouen). À ce moment, on aurait pu légitimement prévoir sa disparition prochaine de la scène politique. En fait, Clotaire sut patiemment attendre son heure. Une première tentative d'agression en 604 tourne encore à son désavantage, coûtant la vie à son jeune fils Mérovée, comme au général ennemi Berthoald. Ce nouvel échec l'incite à la prudence.
En 607, se rapprochant de Theodoric, il devient le parrain de son nouveau-né, Mérovée. Mais à la fin de cette même année, le roi des Wisigoths d'Espagne, Witteric, s'étant querellé avec Theodoric, Clotaire entre le premier dans la coalition qui se forme pour attaquer ce prince, entraînant dans l'alliance Theodebert, frère de Theodoric, et Agilolf Ago, roi des Lombards. Malheureusement pour Clotaire, cette coalition n'est pas suivie d'effet et l'affaire s'éteint d'elle-même. Entre-temps, la haine entre les frères Theoderic et Theodebert ne cesse de croître, si bien qu'en 611, c'est Theoderic qui fait appel cette fois à Clotaire, lui promettant en cas de victoire le duché de Dentelin, c'est-à-dire la moitié du nord de la Neustrie. En deux batailles terribles, Theoderic écrase son frère, qui est pris et exécuté avec ses enfants (612). Clotaire reçoit donc comme promis le duché convoité, mais peu après Theoderic, confiant en sa force et désireux peut-être de refaire l'unité du royaume, se dédit et lève une armée contre lui. Mais, se mettant en route contre Clotaire, il meurt de dysenterie à Metz (Moselle), ses troupes se disloquant aussitôt.
Quoique Brunehaut ait tenté d'affermir son autorité autour de la personne de son arrière-petit-fils, Sigebert II, elle ne put résister à la haine des aristocrates et des évêques quelle avait toujours tenté de juguler.
Les principaux représentants de la noblesse, Pépin de Landen et l'évêque de Metz Arnould, Warnachar II en Bourgogne, envoient des messages à Clotaire pour l'engager à marcher contre la vieille reine, l'assurant de leur soutien. L'occasion était inespérée pour Clotaire, certain du concours des propres alliés de ses adversaires. Il entre sans coup férir en Austrasie puis en Champagne et en Bourgogne et capture la reine et trois de ses quatre arrière-petit-fils, le dernier, Childebert, s'étant enfoui. A l'exception de Mérovée, son filleul, il fait massacrer les autres fils de Theoderic. Quant à Brunehaut, ennemie jurée de sa famille et de sa mère Frédégonde, Clotaire la fait torturer durant trois jours et l'humilie, l'exposant nue sur un chameau à la face de son armée. Après quoi, il la fait attacher à la queue d'un cheval fougueux qui lui brise les membres. Ainsi finit, à près de 70 ans, une des plus grandes figures du VIe siècle.
Clotaire, quant à lui, se trouve ainsi maître de la Gaule et de la Germanie, unique roi des Francs, reprenant une position que nul n'avait tenu depuis son grand-père Clotaire Ier (de 558 à 561). Cela ne se passa pas sans poser de nombreuses difficultés. Dès 614, il doit déjouer un complot visant à le tuer, formenté par le patrice Aletheus et l'évêque de Sion Leudemund. Il est moins heureux en étant forcé de signer une convention l'engageant à respecter désormais, dans le choix des principaux fonctionnaires, les particularismes régionaux de la noblesse. Désormais, le maire du palais cesse d'être le bras droit du Roi pour devenir le chef de la noblesse, austrasienne, bourguignonne ou neustrienne. En 623, il est encore obligé de reculer en cédant aux exigences des Austrasiens qui désirent un roi particulier. Il leur donne son jeune fils, Dagobert, mais prive néanmoins l'Austrasie de toutes ses possessions à l'intérieur de la Gaule (Auvergne, Provence, etc.).
Dagobert, en dépit de ses réclamations et du soutien de ses leudes (4), ne peut récupérer, en 625, que la Champagne. Les relations entre père et fils ne semblent pas avoir été au beau fixe. En 626, Clotaire sait écarter un danger analogue en faisant tuer Godin (son gendre ?), fils de Warnachar II, maire du palais de Bourgogne, qui cherchait à hériter du pouvoir de son père. En dépit de ces quelques revers, le règne de Clotaire marque néanmoins l'un des moments les plus forts de la dynastie mérovingienne, préparant parfaitement ce qui sera l'apogée avec son fils Dagobert. Il meurt à la mi-octobre 629, autour du 18, enseveli à Saint-Vincent (plus tard, Saint-Germain-des-Prés) (5). D'après Frédégaire, c'était un homme patient, instruit, chrétien, protecteur des églises et des pauvres, généreux et affable, qui avait le seul tort de s'adonne avec trop de passion aux plaisirs de la chasse et de la chair.

OR "LOTHAR""DE NEUSTRIA"; KING OF SOISSONS AND PARIS 584; SOLE KING 613; HAD AT
LEAST 3 WIVES

King of Neustria. Acceded 584.

Chlothar II
http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=document&guid=79e3a248-af3b-4b9e-b3ae-34ac1676e280&tid=10145763&pid=-429461607

RESEARCH NOTES:
"the Great"; King of Soissons and Neustra 584 (from birth?), France 613-628
had daughter Sichilde by another woman

[De La Pole.FTW]
Sources: "The Franks" by Edward James; RC 303; AF; "Women in the Wall." Franks: Ruled Neustria, 584-; Burgundy and Austrasia, 613-629. RC: Clothaire II, King of Neustria, 584; King of France, 613-628. Signed the "Perpetual Constituion," 614/615, an early Magna Carta.
Wall: Clotair II, died 629.
TITLE: King of Soissons [Neustria] (584), King of Austrasia and sole King of the Franks (617)

Clothaire Movering
http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=document&guid=773af6e9-a406-4528-b039-b6a12888d1f4&tid=5240376&pid=-1408263670

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Ancêtres (et descendants) de Chlothar "le Jeune" of the Franks

Chlothar «le Vieux» de Cologne
± 501-561

Arégonde des Francs
± 502-590

Chilpéric des Soissons
± 523-± 584

Frédégonde d'Ardennes
± 543-597

Chlothar "le Jeune" of the Franks
± 584-± 630

(1) ± 602

Beretrudis of Burgundy & Franconia
± 586-± 618



				Dagobert roi d'Austrasie roi d'Austrasie ± 605-639		Bertha des Francs

(2)

Brynhild
± 595-????



					Santa Oda (Afre) Princess of the Franks ± 628-720

(3)

Sichilde
± 585-± 625



					Charibert of the Franks ± 608-± 631

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Arbre généalogique Homs » Chlothar "le Jeune" (Chlothar "le Jeune") "King of All Franks" of the Franks II (± 584-± 630)

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