Genealogy Thrutchley/Anderson/Fitzgerel/Cox/Staley » Edmund Earl Tudor 1st Earl of Richmond (1430-1456)

Personal data Edmund Earl Tudor 1st Earl of Richmond 

• Alternative names: Edmund Tudor Earl of Richmond, Edmund Tudor Graaf Van Richmond, Edmund Earl Rutland Tudor, Edmund Tudor 1st Earl of Richmond (Edmund Tudor, 1st Earl of Richmond) Plantagenet King of England and France, Edmund (Edmund ) ap Tudor, Earl of Richmond, Edmund Tudor
• She was born in the year 1430 in Much Hadham Palace in Hertfordshire or at Hadham in Bedfordshire.

  Attention: Was younger than 16 years (14) when child (King Henry VII Lord of Ireland King of England TUDOR) was born (January 28, 1444).

• Alternative: She was born on June 11, 1430 in Royal Manor of Hadham, Hertfordshire, England.Sources 3, 8
• Alternative: She was born in the year 1430 in Hadham, Bedfordshire, England.
• Alternative: She was born on June 11, 1430 in Much Hadham Palace, Hertfordshire, Gb.Source 7
• Alternative: She was born in the year 1430 in Hertfordshire, England.Sources 9, 11
• Alternative: She was born in the year 1430 in Hadham, Hertfordshire.
• Alternative: She was born in the year 1440.
• Alternative: She was born about 1430 in Royal Manor of Hadham, Hertfordshire, England.
• Alternative: She was born in the year 1406.
• Alternative: She was born about 1440 in Hadham, Bedfordshire, England.
• Alternative: She was born about 1435 in Lathom House, Lathom, Ormskirk, Lancashire, England.
• Alternative: She was born in the year 1430.
• Alternative: She was born on July 4, 1430 in Hertfordshire, England.
• Alternative: She was born in the year 1430 in Royal Manor of Hadham, Hertfordshire, England.
• She died on November 3, 1456 in Carmarthen, Castle, Carmarthenshire, Wales, died of Plague, she was 26 years old.
• Alternative: She died on November 1, 1456 in Carmarthen Castle, Zuid-Wales, Gb, she was 26 years old.Source 7
• Alternative: She died on November 1, 1456 in Carmarthen Castle, Wales, she was 26 years old.Source 8
• Alternative: She died on November 3, 1456 in Carmarthen Castle, Carmarthenshire, Wales, she was 26 years old.
• Alternative: She died on November 1, 1456 in Carmarthen, Carmarthenshire, Wales, she was 26 years old.Sources 9, 11
• Alternative: She died on November 3, 1456 in Carmarthen, Wales, she was 26 years old.
• Alternative: She died on May 22, 1455, she was 25 years old.
• Alternative: She died on November 1, 1456 in Carmarthen, Wales, she was 26 years old.
• Alternative: She died in the year 1460, she was 30 years old.
• Alternative: She died on July 29, 1504 in Parbold, Lancashire, England, she was 74 years old.
• Alternative: She died on November 3, 1456, she was 26 years old.
• Alternative: She died on November 3, 1456 in Carmarthen Castle, Carmarthenshire, Wales, she was 26 years old.
• Alternative: She died on November 3, 1456 in Carmarthen, Carmarthenshire, Wales, she was 26 years old.
• She is buried in Saint David's, Pembrokeshire, Wales.Source 11
• A child of Sir OWEN Owain Tudor ApMaredydd ApMeredith and Catherine DeValois

Household of Edmund Earl Tudor 1st Earl of Richmond

She is married to Lady Margaret "The Red Queen" Countess of Richmond & Derby Beaufort.

They got married on November 1, 1455 at Pembroke Castle, Pembrokeshire, Wales, she was 25 years old.

Child(ren):

1. King Henry VII Lord of Ireland King of England TUDOR  1444-1509 
2. Mary Rose Tudor  1456-± 1533 

Notes about Edmund Earl Tudor 1st Earl of Richmond

Edmund Tudor, 1st Earl of Richmond

Edmund Tudor, 1st Earl of Richmond (Welsh: Edmwnd Tudur, 11 June 1430 – 3 November 1456, also known as Edmund of Hadham), was the father of King Henry VII of England and a member of the Tudor family of Penmynydd, North Wales. Born to Owen Tudor and the dowager queen Catherine of Valois, Edmund was half-brother to Henry VI of England. Edmund was raised for several years by Katherine de la Pole, and Henry took an interest in Edmund's upbringing, granting him a title and lands once he came of age. Both Edmund and his brother, Jasper, were made advisers to the King as they were his remaining blood relatives.

Edmund Tudor
Born
11 June 1430
Much Hadham Palace, Hertfordshire, England
Died
3 November 1456 (aged 26)
Carmarthen Castle
Resting place
St David's Cathedral, Pembrokeshire
Title
1st Earl of Richmond
Tenure
6 March 1452 – 1456
Spouse(s)
Margaret Beaufort
Issue
Henry VII of England
House
Tudor
Father
Owen Tudor
Mother
Catherine of Valois
Religion
Roman Catholicism
The brothers were made the senior earls in the royal court and had influential positions in the Parliament of England. Edmund was also granted Baynard's Castle, London and ran a successful estate. He was married to Margaret Beaufort, Countess of Richmond and Derby, after her first marriage was annulled. Prior to the start of the Wars of the Roses, Edmund liaised with Richard of York and supported him when the King fell ill during 1453 and 1454. After war began in 1455, York sent Edmund to uphold the authority of the King in South Wales. While he was there, York was overthrown by the King and in retaliation, Yorkist forces were sent to engage those of Tudor's in South Wales. Edmund was captured at Carmarthen Castle, and died there of the bubonic plague on 3 November 1456.

Birth and early life

Catherine of Valois gave birth to Edmund in secret, away from the Royal court
Following the death of Henry V of England, the Queen dowager Catherine of Valois married Owen Tudor. The marriage was in secret, and was not common knowledge until after Catherine's death. It is accepted that Catherine and Owen were married around 1429/30, as the Queen stopped living in the household of her son, Henry VI and Owen was granted the rights of an Englishman in the Parliament of May 1432.[1]

The children of Catherine and Owen were born away from court; their first son, Edmund, was born at Much Hadham Palace, Hertfordshire. The manor house was one owned by the Bishop of London. In 1436, his mother retired to Bermondsey Abbey, where she died on 3 January 1437. With Catherine dead, the Queen's enemies moved against Owen. He was called to London, and was acquitted by the Royal court of charges relating to the marriage. While en route to Wales, he was arrested and imprisoned in Newgate Prison. After he escaped in early 1438, he was recaptured and imprisoned once more in Windsor Castle.[2]

Following the death of their mother and the imprisonment of their father, Edmund and his brother Jasper were brought up in the care of Katherine de la Pole, the daughter of Michael de la Pole, 2nd Earl of Suffolk, with whom they remained till at least March 1442. Henry VI began to take notice of his half-brothers by that point. He ensured that they were placed in the care of priests who oversaw their teaching.[2] Edmund, along with his brother and father were taken into Henry's royal household. Henry was seemingly fond of his half brothers, and ennobled each of them with Edmund becoming Earl of Richmond on 15 December 1449 and Jasper, Earl of Pembroke on 23 November 1452.[3]

Earl of Richmond

Coat of arms of Edmund Tudor, first Earl of Richmond
As Earls, and recognised by court as the King's half brothers, Edmund and Jasper had unparalleled precedence over the other laypersons in court with the exception of the Dukes. They were each given lands, although Jasper received a yearly stipend until Pembroke became available. After seven years of marriage to Margaret of Anjou, Henry was still without children. After the death of Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester, the royal line was at risk and considerations were made about the Tudor brothers inheriting the throne. There were concerns that while they had descended from the French royal line through Catherine, they had no blood relation to the English throne.[3]

Both Edmund and Jasper were among a small group of personal advisers to the King by 1452, representing the only blood relations in court.[4] However, neither was skilled at matters of state within England, and instead they were primarily given the task of ensuring the authority of the King within Wales.[5] This resulted in a long-held affection for the family in that country.[4] The formal investiture of the duo took place in the Tower of London on 5 January 1453. Later that year on 6 March, they took their seats in the Parliament of England as the head of all the Earls in the court. After a petition by the House of Commons of England, both Jasper and Edmund were recognised officially as legitimate half-brothers of the King and the statutory disabilities attributed with being considered Welsh were removed. Throughout 1452 and 1453, they were given large monetary grants from the King, while Edmund was also given property in Westmorland and Lancashire. Edmund ran a profitable estate and invested in the wool industry based out of Boston, Lincolnshire. The King also granted him the medieval palace of Baynard's Castle, near to the Thames river in London.[6]

Marriage and the Wars of the Roses

Edmund was given the wardship of the nine-year-old Margaret Beaufort, daughter of John Beaufort, 1st Duke of Somerset on 24 March 1453. She was the only heir of Beaufort and a kinswoman of the King. She had descended from the House of Lancaster through the eldest of John of Gaunt's bastard sons, John Beaufort.[7] She had been previously married to John de la Pole, whose father, William de la Pole, 1st Duke of Suffolk had intended to seek the claim to the throne of her and any children should Henry fail to produce any heirs.[8] William was murdered in 1450, and the marriage between Margaret and John was annulled in the first months of 1453 to enable her to be remarried to Edmund. It was this marriage on 1 November 1455 at Bletsoe Castle which enabled any offspring to lay claim to the English throne due to the inheritance of the Plantagenet blood through Margaret.[8]

The marriage was consummated, leaving a 13-year-old widow who was seven months pregnant with their child at the time of his death.

A crisis emerged during the summer of 1453, as Henry fell ill and remained so for over 17 months, leaving him incommunicado and needing to be carried from place to place. Several parties sought to take power during this period, including Richard of York. Henry's wife, Margaret of Anjou, demanded to be declared Regent for the King, causing a division between her and the Tudor brothers who wished to lend assistance to York.[5] However, Edmund did not attend the Parliament of 3 April 1454 where York was named protector of the realm during Henry's ongoing illness. Edmund continued to attend the advisory council for Richard of York, although not as frequently as his brother Jasper. Both brothers were in attendance during a meeting in November of that year when a decision was made to reduce the size of the Royal Household. As a result, they each received an entourage of a chaplain, two esquires, two yeomen and two chamberlains.[9]

When the King recovered during the Christmas period of 1454, and dismissed York, with resultant hostility, it left both the Tudor brothers in a quandary. On 22 May 1455, Edmund was not present when the Wars of the Roses began with the First Battle of St Albans where Henry was captured by the forces of Richard of York.[9][10] Both brothers attended the following Parliament where York was once again named Protector of England. While York cancelled the majority of the grants Henry had made during his reign, those to Edmund and Jasper were exempt. Both brothers were absent from the second session of Parliament that year when it began on 12 November;[11] Edmund had been sent to Wales to ensure that the King's authority was enforced there after Gruffydd ap Nicholas had begun to move against other holdings.[12]

Capture, captivity and death

Tomb of Edmund Tudor, St David's Cathedral
Gryffydd made war with the troops under Edmund, capturing the castles at Aberystwyth, Carmarthen and Carreg Cennen by June 1456. The rebellion didn't last long, and by early August, Edmund's forces had retaken those castles although minor skirmishes continued for several months longer. While Edmund was in Wales, the King had deposed York. In retaliation, York sent 2,000 men under William Herbert on 10 August to take South Wales. When they arrived at Carmarthen Castle, they took the stronghold and captured Edmund Tudor.[13]

As Herbert's troops moved on to Aberystwyth,[13] Edmund was left behind, imprisoned in Carmarthen Castle. On 3 November 1456, Edmund became infected with the bubonic plague and died. He was buried at the nearby Franciscan Church in Carmarthen. There were suspicions that Edmund may have been murdered, and so a trial was held several months later with several parties accused, but no one was found guilty. Edmund's remains were removed to the choir of St David's Cathedral, Pembrokeshire in 1539, due to the dissolution of the monasteries enacted by his grandson King Henry VIII of England of the Royal House of Tudor.

June 11, 1430: Edmund Tudor, 1st Earl of Richmond was born at Much Hadham Palace in Hertfordshire, England. His parents were Welsh courtier Owen Tudor and French Princess Catherine de Valois, Dowager Queen of England. This made Edmund the half-brother of King Henry VI of England, who created him and their younger brother Jasper Earls in 1449 and 1452 respectively.
King Henry VI also gifted his brother Edmund with the richest heiress in England, the 12 year-old Lady Margaret Beaufort, as a bride. Lady Margaret was descended from King Edward III through the third marriage of his son John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster. Her and Edmund's only child before Edmund's premature death in 1456 was the future the King Henry VII of England. From his childhood until he took the throne Henry was guided and protected by his only paternal uncle, Jasper Tudor, 1st Earl of Pembroke.
Edmund Tudor is the ancestor of every British monarch from 1485 to the present day. Queen Elizabeth II is the 15x great-granddaughter of Edmund Tudor.
The line of descent is as follows:
Edmund Tudor, Earl of Richmond = Henry VII of England = "Margaret Tudor = James V of Scotland = Mary, Queen of Scots = James VI of Scotland/I of England = Elizabeth of Bohemia = Sophia, Electress of Hanover = George I = George II = Frederick, Prince of Wales = George III = Prince Edward, Duke of Kent = Queen Victoria = Edward VII = George V = George VI = Queen Elizabeth II" - The Anne Boleyn Society
*Henry VIII and his children are not included as this is a line of descent, not succession*

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Timeline Edmund Earl Tudor 1st Earl of Richmond

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