The temperature on April 5, 1840 was about 9.0 °C. Wind direction mainly west-northwest. Weather type: betrokken. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
February 6 » Signing of the Treaty of Waitangi, establishing New Zealand as a British colony.
May 1 » The Penny Black, the first official adhesive postage stamp, is issued in the United Kingdom.
May 6 » The Penny Black postage stamp becomes valid for use in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.
May 7 » The Great Natchez Tornado strikes Natchez, Mississippi killing 317 people. It is the second deadliest tornado in United States history.
May 20 » York Minster is badly damaged by fire.
October 11 » The Maronite leader Bashir Shihab II surrenders to the Ottoman Empire and later is sent to Malta in exile.
Day of marriage February 9, 1865
The temperature on February 9, 1865 was about -3.2 °C. The air pressure was 16 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the northeast. The airpressure was 77 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 87%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from February 1, 1862 to February 10, 1866 the cabinet Thorbecke II, with Mr. J.R. Thorbecke (liberaal) as prime minister.
April 9 » American Civil War: Robert E. Lee surrenders the Army of Northern Virginia (26,765 troops) to Ulysses S. Grant at Appomattox Court House, Virginia, effectively ending the war.
April 14 » U.S. Secretary of State William H. Seward and his family are attacked at home by Lewis Powell.
April 26 » Union cavalry troopers corner and shoot dead John Wilkes Booth, assassin of President Abraham Lincoln, in Virginia.
June 23 » American Civil War: At Fort Towson in the Oklahoma Territory, Confederate Brigadier General Stand Watie surrenders the last significant Confederate army.
December 5 » Chincha Islands War: Peru allies with Chile against Spain.
December 6 » Georgia ratifies 13th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.
Day of death August 13, 1920
The temperature on August 13, 1920 was between 9.6 °C and 21.2 °C and averaged 14.9 °C. There was 9.4 hours of sunshine (63%). The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the northeast. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from September 9, 1918 to September 18, 1922 the cabinet Ruys de Beerenbrouck I, with Jonkheer mr. Ch.J.M. Ruys de Beerenbrouck (RKSP) as prime minister.
January 19 » The American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) is founded.
January 26 » Former Ford Motor Company executive Henry Leland launches the Lincoln Motor Company which he later sold to his former employer.
March 28 » Palm Sunday tornado outbreak of 1920 affects the Great Lakes region and Deep South states.
May 3 » A Bolshevik coup fails in the Democratic Republic of Georgia.
May 7 » Kiev Offensive: Polish troops led by Józef Piłsudski and Edward Rydz-Śmigły and assisted by a symbolic Ukrainian force capture Kiev only to be driven out by the Red Army counter-offensive a month later.
May 9 » Polish–Soviet War: The Polish army under General Edward Rydz-Śmigły celebrates its capture of Kiev with a victory parade on Khreshchatyk.
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