Ancestral Trails 2016 » Edward SMITH-STANLEY (1752-1834)

Persoonlijke gegevens Edward SMITH-STANLEY 

• Hij is geboren op 1 september 1752.
• Titel: 12th Earl of Derby
• Hij is overleden op 21 oktober 1834, hij was toen 82 jaar oud.
• Een kind van James STANLEY en Lucy SMITH

Gezin van Edward SMITH-STANLEY

(1) Hij heeft/had een relatie met Elizabeth HAMILTON.

(2) Hij is getrouwd met Elizabeth FARREN.

Zij zijn getrouwd juni 1797, hij was toen 44 jaar oud.

Notities over Edward SMITH-STANLEY

Edward Smith-Stanley, 12th Earl of Derby PC (1 September 1752 (O.S.) - 21 October 1834), usually styled Lord Stanley from 1771 to 1776, was a British peer and politician of the late 18th and early 19th centuries. He held office as Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster in 1783 in the Fox-North coalition and between 1806 and 1807 in the Ministry of All the Talents.

Derby was the son of James Smith-Stanley, Lord Strange (1716-1771), son of Edward Stanley, 11th Earl of Derby (1689-1776). His mother was Lucy Smith, a daughter and co-heiress of Hugh Smith of Weald Hall, Essex. His father had assumed the additional surname and arms of Smith by private Act of Parliament in 1747. Derby entered Eton College in 1764, proceeding to Trinity College, Cambridge in 1771.

Political career
Derby was returned to Parliament as one of two representatives for Lancashire in 1774, a seat he held until 1776, when he succeeded his grandfather in the earldom and entered the House of Lords. He served as Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster between April and December 1783 in the Fox-North Coalition headed by the Duke of Portland and was sworn of the Privy Council the same year. He remained out of office for the next 23 years but was once again Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster between 1806 and 1807 in the Ministry of All the Talents headed by Lord Grenville.

Lord Derby also served as Lord Lieutenant of Lancashire between 1776 and 1834. He was also listed as a subscriber to the Manchester Bolton & Bury Canal navigation in 1791.

Horse racing
At a dinner party in 1778 held on his estate "The Oaks" in Carshalton, Lord Derby and his friends planned a sweepstake horse race, won the following year by Derby's own horse, Bridget. The race, The Oaks, has been named after the estate since. At a celebration after Bridget's win, a similar race for colts was proposed and Derby tossed a coin with Sir Charles Bunbury for the honour of naming the race. Derby won, and the race became known as the Derby Stakes. Bunbury won the initial race in 1780 with his horse, Diomed; Derby himself won it in 1787 with Sir Peter Teazle.

His racing colours were black with a white cap. His influence on racing has been described as "crucial".

Family
Lord Derby married Lady Elizabeth, daughter of James Hamilton, 6th Duke of Hamilton, on 23 June 1774. She bore him three children, being:

Edward Smith-Stanley, 13th Earl of Derby (21 April 1775 - 30 June 1851); married his cousin Charlotte Margaret Hornby, daughter of Reverend Geoffrey Hornby by his wife, the Hon. Elizabeth Hornby (née Smith-Stanley)
Lady Charlotte (17 October 1776 - 25 November 1805); married her cousin Edmund Hornby, Esq., son of Reverend Geoffrey Hornby by his wife, the Hon. Elizabeth Hornby (née Smith-Stanley)
Lady Elizabeth Henrietta (29 April 1778 - ca. 1857); married Thomas Cole, Esq., and had issue.

In the late 1770s, Lady Derby had a very public affair with John Frederick Sackville, 3rd Duke of Dorset. In 1779, the countess moved out of Lord Derby's house, leaving their children behind, apparently expecting that her husband would agree to a divorce and that the Duke would then marry her. About one year after she left his house, Lord Derby made it known that he had no intention of divorcing his wife; at the same time, he continued to deny her access to her children. The countess was socially ostracised for the remainder of her life. Historian Peter Thomson suggests that the third of the couple's children, Lady Elizabeth Henrietta, was the result of Lady Derby's affair with Dorset. Despite this, the Earl of Derby cared for the child after his wife left him.

Lady Derby died at the age of 44 on 14 March 1797. Only six weeks later, on 1 May 1797, Lord Derby married the actress Elizabeth Farren, daughter of George Farren. She bore him a further four children and died on 23 April 1829. Lord Derby survived her by five years and died on 21 October 1834, aged 82. He was succeeded in the earldom by his son from his first marriage, Edward, Lord Stanley.

References
Edward was born on 1 September 1752 according to his entry in the baptismal register of St John's church, Preston: see "The Parish of St John, Preston in the County of Lancashire". Lancashire OnLine Parish Clerks.

Two days after his birth, the provisions of the Calendar (New Style) Act 1750 came into effect, as Britain converted to the Gregorian calendar, so that Wednesday, 2 September was immediately followed by Thursday, 14 September. In many modern secondary sources (e.g. Cokayne et al. 1916; Brooke 1964; Cox 1974, p. 15; Crosby 2004) his birth date is given as 12 September 1752, which is a retrospective conversion of 1 September to the New Style calendar.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Smith-Stanley,_12th_Earl_of_Derby

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